Micronúcleos em células do colo uterino em mulheres HIV+ segundo sua condição de imunidade

OBJETIVO: investigar a micronucleação (MN) em células esfoliadas do colo uterino de mulheres HIV+ observando as condições de imunidade aferidas pelos níveis de linfócitos CD4+ e da carga viral para o HIV (CV). MÉTODOS: foram obtidas coletas citológicas da junção escamocolunar de 23 pacientes HIV+ de Ambulatório de DST/AIDS. O grupo controle foi composto por mulheres assintomáticas do Ambulatório de Prevenção de Câncer Ginecológico do mesmo serviço. O material foi submetido a processamento citológico para leitura em microscopia de luz, com objetiva de imersão em 2.000 células por paciente. Para avaliação da condição imunitária das pacientes HIV+ investigamos os níveis de linfócitos CD4+ e CV. A análise estatística dos resultados se fez com os testes do Χ2 e Kolmogorov-Smirnov. RESULTADOS: vinte e três pacientes compuseram o grupo de mulheres HIV+ e 19 formaram o grupo controle. Em todas as pacientes HIV+ e em 84,2% do grupo controle detectamos MN. Dezessete pacientes HIV+ (73,9%) tiveram mais de 7 MN. No grupo controle tivemos apenas 1 caso (5,2%) com mais de 7 MN. Houve tendência na associação de maiores quantidades de MN em mulheres com baixos níveis de linfócitos CD4+ e maiores níveis de CV, sem caracterizar correlação estatística. CONCLUSÕES: pacientes HIV+ em fase de AIDS têm maior ocorrência de MN que o grupo controle e, também, a frequência com que são detectados MN parece estar associada a piores condições clínicas da imunossupressão.

Thermodynamic properties of water sorption of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) as a function of moisture content

The Jackfruit tree is one of the most significant trees in tropical home gardens and perhaps the most widespread and useful tree in the important genus Artocarpus. The fruit is susceptible to mechanical and biological damage in the mature state, and some people find the aroma of the fruit objectionable, particularly in confined spaces. The dehydration process could be an alternative for the exploitation of this product, and the relationship between moisture content and water activity provides useful information for its processing and storage. The aim of this study was to determine the thermodynamic properties of the water sorption of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) as a function of moisture content. Desorption isotherms of the different parts of the jackfruit (pulp, peduncle, mesocarp, peel, and seed) were determined at four different temperatures (313.15, 323.15, 333.15, and 343.15 K) in a water activity range of 0.02-0.753 using the static gravimetric method. Theoretical and empirical models were used to model the desorption isotherms. An analytical solution of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation was proposed to calculate the isosteric heat of sorption, the differential entropy, and Gibbs' free energy using the Guggenhein-Anderson-de Boer and Oswin models considering the effect of temperature on the hygroscopic equilibrium.

Study of the enthalpy-entropy mechanism from water sorption of orange seeds (C. sinensis cv. Brazilian) for the use of agro-industrial residues as a possible source of vegetable oil production

Orange seeds are a promising agroindustry-waste which can be implemented in the extraction and production of vegetable oil. The relationship between moisture content and water activity provides useful information for the processing and storage of this waste item. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of water sorption enthalpy-entropy of orange seeds (C. sinensis cv. Brazilians) according to the moisture content. Therefore, desorption isotherms were determined at five different temperature (30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 ºC) under a wide range of moisture content (0.005-0.057 kg kg-1 d.b.) and water activity (0.02-0.756). Theoretical and empirical models were used for modeling the desorption isotherms. An analytical solution of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation was proposed to compute the isosteric heat of sorption, the differential entropy, and Gibbs free energy using the Oswin model when the effect of temperature on the hygroscopic equilibrium was considered.