Experimental studies on Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi strains isolated from man, from animals and from triatomine bugs in Brazil

A study on nine strains of T. cruzi isolated from man, from animais and from triatomine bugs in Brazil are described. The parasites were slightly viscerotropic in white mice in six of the strains, highly viscerotropic and cardiotropic in two strains, and asymptomatic on one strain. Mechanical and cyclical passage from infected to healthy mice, and treatment of the infected mice with immunosuppressant drug, did not increase the blood parasitaemia or strain virulence. The results of biometric studies on the blood trypanosomes from each strain are also described. The various aspects on the importance of T. cruzi strain Identification are emphasized and discussed.

Pulmonary schistosomiasis: bronchopneumonitis probably due to schistosomulae

A clinical and radiological picture of bronchopneumonia was observed in a patient between the second and third weeks post-infection with cercariae of S. mansoni. There was a spontaneous recovery without sequelae in 20 days and the clinical and radiological alterations were interpreted as associated with the passage of schistosomulae through the lungs.

Toxoplasmose do sistema nervoso central em paciente sem evidência de imunossupressão: relato de caso

O quadro clínico da toxoplasmose adquirida em pacientes imunocompetentes habitualmente não inclui manifestações neurológicas focais, o que é freqüente em pacientes imunodeprimidos, como aqueles com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de uma paciente adulta que apresentou abscessos cerebrais por Toxoplasma gondii, sem evidência de qualquer fator causador de imunossupressão.

Atypical presentation of sporotrichosis: report of three cases

Sporotrichosis occurs after fungal implantation of Sporothrix spp. in the skin, and is the main subcutaneous mycosis in Latin America. Here we describe three atypical cases of the disease. The first case report an extra-cutaneous occurrence of the disease with joint infection; the second one describes a patient with bilateral lymphocutaneous form of sporotrichosis; and the third shows a zoonotic cutaneous case with the development of an erythema nodosum as a hypersensitivity reaction. These cases show the disease importance on the region and the necessity of fungal culture to the diagnosis confirmation.

Faux Pas Test in schizophrenic patients

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study is to validate the adult version of “Faux Pas Recognition Test” created by Stone and colleagues (1998) as a reliable instrument assess and discriminate social cognition among schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with a total of 196 participants (mean age = 26.45; CI (95%) [25.10; 27.83]) 51% male. From those, 44 (22.4%) patients with schizophrenia and 152 (77.6%) healthy controls. The participants answered a short version of the Faux Pas Recognition Test, composed by 10 stories. Results Significant differences were found between both groups regarding their scores on Faux Pas Recognition Test (p = 0.003). Patients with schizophrenia had lower score, compared to healthy controls. Story 14 was the best to distinguish both groups, and Story 16, the worst. Among the questions of Faux Pas stories, the one related to intuition presented the most significant difference between the groups (p = 0.001), followed by the one related to understanding (p = 0.003). Conclusion The Brazilian version of the Faux Pas Recognition Test is a valid test to assess social cognition in schizophrenia and can be an important instrument to be used on the clinical practice.

A comparative analysis of primary stenting and optimal balloon coronary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction. Six month results from the STENT PAMI trial

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcome of balloon PTCA with final coronary stenosis diameter (SD) <=30%, with elective coronary stenting. METHODS: We performed a comparative analysis of the 6 month outcomes in patients treated with primary stenting and those who obtained an optimal balloon PTCA result treated during the first 12 hours of AMI onset included in the STENT PAMI randomized trial. RESULTS: The results were analysed into 3 groups: primary stenting (441 patients, SD=22±6%), optimal PTCA (245 patients), and nonoptimal PTCA (182 patients, SD= 37±5%). At the end of the 6 months primary stent group presented with the lowest restenosis(23 vs. 31 vs. 45%, p=0.001, respectively). Ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization rate (TVR) (7 vs. 15.5 vs. 19%, p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: At the 6 month follow-up, primary stenting offered the lowest restenosis and ischemia-driven TVR rates. Compared to optimal balloon PTCA. Nonoptimal primary balloon PTCA pts (SD=31-50%), had the worst late angiographic outcomes and should be treated more actively with coronary stent implantation.

One-year follow-up after primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction in diabetic patients: a substudy of the STENT PAMI trial

OBJECTIVE - This analysis was undertaken to determine the composite incidence of cumulative adverse events (death, reinfarction, disabling stroke, and target vessel revascularization) at the end of the first year after acute myocardial infarction, in diabetic patients who underwent coronary stenting or primary coronary balloon angioplasty. METHODS - From the STENT PAMI trial, we analyzed the 6-month angiographic and 1-year clinical outcomes of 135 diabetic (112, noninsulin dependent) patients who underwent the randomization process of the trial and compared them with 758 nondiabetic patients. RESULTS - Coronary stenting did not significantly reduce the primary composite clinical end point when compared with PTCA (20 vs. 30%, p=0.2). A significant benefit from stenting was observed in patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes, with a trend toward a lesser need for new revascularization procedures (10 vs. 21%, p<.001), with a significant reduction in the primary composite clinical end point at 1 year (12 vs. 28%, p=. 04). At 6 months, the restenosis rate were significantly reduced only in nondiabetic patients (18 vs. 33%, p<. 001). Diabetic patients had the same restenosis rate (38%) either with stenting or balloon PTCA. CONCLUSIONS - Coronary Stenting in diabetics noninsulin dependent offered a significant reduction in the composite incidence of major clinical adverse events compared with balloon PTCA.

Comportamento do Heterocromossômio em alguns Ortópteros do Brasil

In the present paper the behavior of the heterochromoso-mes in the course of the meiotic divisions of the spermatocytes in 15 species of Orthoptera belonging to 6 different families was studied. The species treated and their respective chromosome numbers were: Phaneropteridae: Anaulacomera sp. - 1 - 2n = 30 + X, n +15+ X and 15. Anaulacomera sp. - 2 - 2n - 30 + X, n = 15+ X and 15. Stilpnochlora marginella - 2n = 30 + X, n = 15= X and 15. Scudderia sp. - 2n = 30 + X, n = 15+ X and 15. Posldippus citrifolius - 2n = 24 + X, n = 12+X and 12. Acrididae: Osmilia violacea - 2n = 22+X, n = 11 + X and 11. Tropinotus discoideus - 2n = 22+ X, n = 11 + X and 11. Leptysma dorsalis - 2n = 22 + X, n = 11-J-X and 11. Orphulella punctata - 2n = 22-f X, n = 11 + X and 11. Conocephalidae: Conocephalus sp. - 2n = 32 + X, n = 16 + X and 16. Proscopiidae: Cephalocoema zilkari - 2n = 16 + X, n = 8+ X and 8. Tetanorhynchus mendesi - 2n = 16 + X, n = 8+X and 8. Gryliidae: Gryllus assimilis - 2n = 28 + X, n = 14+X and 14. Gryllodes sp. - 2n = 20 + X, n = 10- + and 10. Phalangopsitidae: Endecous cavernicola - 2n = 18 +X, n = 94-X and 9. It was pointed out by the present writer that in the Orthoptera similarly to what he observed in the Hemiptera the heterochromosome in the heterocinetic division shows in the same individual indifferently precession, synchronism or succession. This lack of specificity is therefore pointed here as constituting the rule and not the exception as formerly beleaved by the students of this problem, since it occurs in all the species referred to in the present paper and probably also m those hitherto investigated. The variability in the behavior of the heterochromosome which can have any position with regard to the autosomes even in the same follicle is attributed to the fact that being rather a stationary body it retains in anaphase the place it had in metaphase. When this place is in the equator of the cell the heterochromosome will be left behind as soon as anaphase begins (succession). When, on the contrary, laying out of this plane as generally happens (precession) it will sooner be reached (synchronism) or passed by the autosomes (succession). Due to the less kinetic activity of the heterochromosome it does not orient itself at metaphase remaining where it stands with the kinetochore looking indifferently to any direction. At the end of anaphase and sometimes earlier the heterochromosome begins to show mitotic activities revealed by the division of its body. Then, responding to the influence of the nearer pole it moves to it being enclosed with the autosomes in the nucleus formed there. The position of the heterochromosome in the cell is explained in the following manner: It is well known that the heterochromosome of the Orthoptera is always at the periphery of the nucleus, just beneath the nuclear membrane. This position may be any in regard of the axis of the dividing cell, so that if one of the poles of the spindle comes to coincide with it, the heterochromosome will appear at this pole in the metaphasic figures. If, on the other hand, the angle formed by the axis of the spindle with the ray reaching the heterochromosome increases the latter will appear in planes farther and farther apart from the nearer pole until it finishes by being in the equatorial plane. In this way it is not difficult to understand precession, synchronism or succession. In the species in which the heterochromosome is very large as it generally happens in the Phaneropteridae, the positions corresponding to precession are much more frequent. This is due to the fact that the probabilities for the heterochromosome taking an intermediary position between the equator and the poles at the time the spindle is set up are much greater than otherwise. Moreover, standing always outside the spindle area it searches for a place exactly where this area is larger, that is, in the vicinity of the poles. If it comes to enter the spindle area, what has very little probability, it would be, in virtue of its size, propelled toward the pole by the nearing anaphasic plate. The cases of succession are justly those in which the heterochromosome taking a position parallelly to the spindle axis it can adjust its large body also in the equator or in its proximity. In the species provided with small heterochromosome (Gryllidae, Conocephalidae, Acrididae) succession is found much more frequently because here as in the Hemiptera (PIZA 1945) the heterochromosome can equally take equatorial or subequatorial positions, and, furthermore, when in the spindle area it does offer no sereous obstacle to the passage of the autosomes. The position of the heterochromosome at the periphery of the nucleus at different stages may be as I suppose, at least in part a question of density. The less colourability and the surface irregularities characteristic of this element may well correspond to a less degree of condensation which may influence passive movements. In one of the species studied here (Anaulacomera sp.- 1) included in the Phaneropteridae it was observed that the plasmosome is left motionless in the spindle as the autosomes move toward the poles. It passes to one of the secondary spermatocytes being not included in its nucleus. In the second division it again passes to one of the cells being cast off when the spermatid is being transformed into spermatozoon. Thus it is regularly found among the tails of the spermatozoa in different stages of development. In the opinion of the present writer, at least in some cases, corpuscles described as Golgi body's remanents are nothing more than discarded plasmosomes.

Estudo do poder germinativo da semente de manga

The author studied the storage of seeds of mango trees with the aim of Keeping high its ability of germination. Seven means of storage were tried, with two temperatures: environment temperature (22 to 27 degrees Centigrade) and cold store room (5 degrees centigrade). The methods of storage tried were: 1 - The frewit kept complete. 2 - Seeds taken within the stone. 3 - Seeds taken out of the stone. 4 - Stones heated with a Fungicida (Zineb). 5 - Stones cut laterally and heated with a fungicide (Zineb). 6 - Seeds (out of sones) heated with Zineb. 7 - Stones steatified with sand. The best results were obtained for seeds kept within whole fruits, probably owing to protection provided by outer layers. The use of fungicide imposed the sanitary aspect of seeds and stones. Storage in cold store room (5 degrees Centigrade) injured the seeds and stones in all cases. Germinating power was kept high up to 70 days for complete fruits. It seems that biggers fruits were more favorable to keep high the ability of theirs seeds to germinate.

Contribuição para o conhecimento da intoxicação pelo veneno dos "escorpiões"

Nous avons travaillé à Bello Horizonte, Etat de Minas, avec le venin de 4 espèces de Scorpions: Tityus bahiensis (C. L. KOCK, 1836). Tityus serrulatus (LUTZ-MELLO, 1922). Tityus dorsomaculatus (LUTZ – MELLO, 1922). Bothriurus (espèce em étude), sur un total de 13.640 individus. Nous avons essayé et observe l’action du venin sur 97 espèces differentes d’êtres vivants – depuis les chlamydozoaires jusqu’à l’«Homo sapiens». Nous avons cherché à déterminer une unité toxique «plus précise, plus régulierè». Les étalons dits «unité vésicule», «unité morsure» sont inconstants et sans rigueur. Tout au plus, peuvent ils server à l’étude de l’action générale du venin, et cela meme, dans certains cas seulement. Nous avons employé la pesée pour determiner l’unité toxique. Ce qui est important pour qui étudie ces sujets ce n’est pás lê nombre de vésicules, mais bien la quantité de venin humide ou desséché qu’elles contiennent. La balance, pour notre travail, est um moyen indicateur de bien plus grande précision que la «vésicule» ou la «morsure». Nous sommes parvenus à prouver qu’il existe une relation constante entre le poid brut des vésicules et la quantité de venin humide ou desséché qu’elles contiennent dans leur intérieur. Donc em pesant les vésicules, nous pesons indirectement le venin. Peu nous importe qu’il y ait 10 ou 100 vésicules. Il nous importe seulement de savoir combien elles pèsent, et de déterminer par ce fait, la quantité proportionnelle de vain pur. La technique générale est la suivante: Nous pesons um certain nombre de vésicules. Nous triturons ensuite, dans um mortier stérilisé et nous emulsionnons, par l’addition consécutive d’eau distillée, stérilisée. Nous filtrons l’émulsion sur le papier filtre employé em chimie, préalablement taré et desséché dans une atmosphere de chlorure de calcium. Après le filtrage on sèche à nouveau les papiers filtre employés d'abord à l'étuve et ensuite dans la même atmosphère de chlorure de calcium. Nous pesons plusieurs fois et on obtient la moyenne de ces pesées. On soustrait de cette dernière pesée le taux des substances non venimeuses, glandulaires, également dissoutes et calculées à 23 du poids brut et celles retenues par les papiers,-on obtient ainsi la moyenne réelle du venin pur contenu dans les vésicules utilisèés. Une simple divisiôn suffit pour fixer la moyenne de chacune. Ces données ont été vérifiées par les expériences faites avec du venin pur, largement obtenu dans notre Laboratoire. Nous avons trouvé de la sorte pour une vésicule de Tityus serrulatus: 0,gr.000,386 de T. bahiensis: 0,gr.001.261.24 de venin pur ce qui donne. 7/15,96 pour la 1ère. 1/8,36 pour la 2ème du poids sec de chaque vésicule. Le poids sec, pour une moyenne obtenue de 1.000 vésicules, fut de 0,gr.008,236 pour Tityus bahiensis. Maximum 0,gr.011. Minimum 0,gr.004.4 pour chacun. Pour Tityus serrulatus, en 1.049 vésicules le poids fut de 0,gr.006,08. Maximum 0,gr.014.03. Minimum 0,gr.003,1 pour chacun. C'est pour cette raison que l'unité-vésicule est incertaine. 2 poules A et B.; l'une, A, pesant 2 K.030 gr. reçoit dans une veinè, une émulsion en sèrum physiologique à 8,50/%, stérilisé, de 19 vésicules totales de Tityus serrulatus, et présence de légers phénomènes toxiques. L'autre, B, pesant 2 K.320 gr. meurt avec tous les phénomènes classiques de l'empoisonnement, par l'injection endoveineuse del'émulsion de 16 vésicules totales de venin de Tityus serrulatus! Les premières 19 vésicules pesaient 0,gr.58; les 16 derniéres-84 milligrammes. Les premières contenaient 0,gr.003. 634 et les secondes 0,gr.005.263 de venin pur! La moyenne obtenue de 6346 scorpions, (entre T. bahiensis et T. serrulatus) nous a fourni pour chacun: 0,gr.000,131,53 de venin pur, par piqûre. Si l'on spécifie: Pour 5.197 T. bahiensis. La moyenne pour une piqûre est 0,gr.000.106.15. Pour 1.149 T. serrulatus, la moyenne pour une piqûre est.......0,gr.000.246.30. La quantité a varié, selon les individus, de 0,gr.000.035.71, à 0,gr.000.436.01 de venin pur, pour une piqûre. D'après ce qui vient d'étre dit, on peut voir combien la quantité de venin éjaculé varie, chaque fois, chez les scorpions. L'unité-piqûre ne peut done pas ètre utiliseé pour des expériences dèlicates. Le mieux est de se servir de venin pur, et c'est ce que nous avons fait pour les expériences minutieuses. Quand on n'en possède pas, on peut établir pour chaque série des expériences à tenter-la dose minima mortelle en poids (grammes et fractions) de vésicules. D'après les bases ici consignées, et avec une trés petite erreur, on peut calculer la quantité de venin pur de cette dóse. Ce calcul est d'ailleurs dispensable. On peut s'en rapporter simplement au poids sec des vésicules totales et dire que la D. m. m. est de tant de milligr. secs. Comme le venin se conserve mal dans les vésicules, il faut, dans ce procédé, doser la D. m. m. toutes les fois que l'on veut procéder á une sériê d'expériences. Le venin desséché rappelle, d'après le temps de conservations au Laboratoire, celui de Crotatus terrificus et celui des Lachesis (quand il est vieux). Il est retenu au passage en partie, par les bougies Berkfeld et Chamberland. La conservation en état de dessication est la meilleure. Ainsi gardé, à l'abri de la lumierè, aux approches de 0,gr., pendant 8 mois, il perd à peine 1,2 à 1,4 de sa valeur primitive. L'echauffement à 100 gr. trouble une dissolution de venin dans l'eau distilleé; sans atteindre toutefois son pouvoir toxique, quand on l'injecte par la voie intra-cérébrale. Nous avons fait l'experience par 11 voies diverses. Sur des animaux sensibles, nous n'avons pas obtenu de phénomènes toxiques, apparemment, par les voies suivantes: 1) buccale; 2) gastrique; 3) rectale; 4) chambre oculaire antérieure; 5) cornéenne; 6) trachéenne; 7) meningée {sur; intra; 8) simple contact, bien que direct, avec le systemè nerveux central. La gravité des phènomènes décroît suivant l'échelle ci-dessous: 1) intra-cérébrale...

Cultura cromogênica dum bacilo ácido-álcool resistente isolado de pus de lesão fechada de lepra humana

Last October 2nd the Author smeared nine tubes of Loewenstein medium with material obtained from closed pustulae of a seven years old boy, L2 case of leprosy. This material was very rich in Hansen bacilli in its different forms, inclusive globus, as is seen in the figures 2 and 3 of Plate 1. Part of this material obtained from pustulae opened by galvanocautery, was inoculated, at the same day, into white rats and guinea-pigs. November 26th a new biopsy gave more rich material, which was smeared again into Loewenstein fresh medium. December 15th three of the first and two of the second series of tubes of cultures showed germination of a yellow, dry and rough culture, covering almost the total surface of the medium. Microscopic examination of the culture showed that it was a pure culture of an acid-fast organism. Passages into glycerinated potatoes germinated well covering the surface of the same with a clear yellow granulated culture remaining the fluid (glycerinated water) quite limpid. The germination in glycerinated broth produced a yellow velum in the surface of the medium, as is seen in fig. 3 of Plate 2, without becoming turbid. The microorganism isolated twice from the same source of material was cocciforme (as Mycobacterium pulviforme of Marchoux), in the original culture, becoming more bacilliforme, always acid-fast, after passage into glycerinated media. The A. sent his culture to foreigner colleagues to study it and will inoculate it soon into laboratory animals.

Distribuição geográfica da fauna e flora da Baía de Guanabara

The author studied, the horizontal and vertical distribution of most common part of the flora and fauna of the bay of Guanabara at Rio de Janeiro. In this paper the eulittoral, poly, meso and oligohaline regions were localised and studied; and the first chart of its distribution was presented (fig. 2). The salinity of superficial waters was established through determinations based on 30 trips inside the buy for collecting biological materials. Some often 409 determinations which were previous reported together with the present ones served for the eleboration of a salinity map of the bay of Guanabara (fig. 1). This map of fig. 2 shows the geographic locations of the water regions. EULITTORAL WATER REGIME — Fig. 3 shows the diagram scheme of fauna and flora of this regime. Sea water salinity 34/1.000, density mean 1.027, transparent greenish waters, sea coast with moderate bursting waves. Limpid sea shore with white sand, gneiss with the big barnacle Tetraclita squamosa var. stalactifera (Lam. Pilsbry. Vertical distributions: barna¬cles layers with a green region in which are present the oyster Ostrea pa-rasitica L., the barnacles Tetraclita, Chthamalus, Balanus tintinnabulum var. tintinnabulum (L.) e var. antillensis Pilsbry in connection with several mollusca and the sea beatle Isopoda Lygia sp. Covered by water and exposed to air by the tidal ritms, there is a stratum of brown animals that is the layer of mussels Mytilus perna L., with others brown and chestnut animals : the Crustacea Pachygrapsus, the little crab Porcellana sp., the stone crab Me-nippe nodifrons Stimpson, the sea stars Echinaster brasiliensis (Mull. & Tr.), Astropecten sp. and the sea anemones Actinia sp. Underneath and never visible there is a subtidal region with green tubular algae of genus Codium and amidst its bunches the sea urchin Lycthchinus variegatus (Agass.) walks and more deeply there are numerous sand-dollars Encope emarginata (Leske). The microplancton of this regime is Ceratiumplancton. POLYHALINE WATER REGIMB — Water almost sea water, but directly influenced by continental lands, with rock salts dissolved and in suspension. Salinity: 33 to 32/1.000. This waters endure the actions of the popular nicknamed «water of the hill» (as the waters of mesohaline and oligohaline regimes), becoming suddenly reddish during several hours. That pheno¬menon returns several times in the year and come with great mortality of fishes. In these waters, according to Dr. J. G. FARIA there are species of Protozoa : Peridinea, the Glenoidinium trochoideum St., followed by its satellites which he thinks that they are able to secret toxical substances which can slaughter some species of fishes. In these «waters of the hill» was found a species of Copepoda the Charlesia darwini. In August 1946 the west shore of the Guanabara was plenty of killed fishes occupying a area of 8 feet large by 3 nautical miles of lenght. The enclosure for catching fishes in the rivers mouthes presents in these periods mass dead fishes. The phenomenon of «waters of the hill» appears with the first rains after a period of long dryness. MESOHALINE WATER REGIME — Fig. 4 shows the the diagramm scheme. Salt or brackish water from 30 to 17/1.000 salinity, sometimes until 10/1.000. Turbid waters with mud in suspension, chestnut, claveyous waters; shore dirty black mud without waving bursting; the waters are warmer and shorner than those of the polihaline regime. Mangrove shore with the mangrove trees : Rhizophora mangle L., Avicennia sp., Laguncularia sp., and the »cotton tree of sea» Hibiscus sp. Fauna: the great land crab «guaimú» Cardisoma guanhumi Latr., ashore in dry firm land. There is the real land crab Ucides cordatus (L.) in wetting mud and in neigh¬ bourhood of the burrows of the fiddler-crabs of genus Uca. On stones and in the roots of the Rhizophora inhabits the brightly colored mangrove-tree-crab («aratu» Portuguese nickname) Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille) and the sparingly the big oyster Ostrea rhizophorae Guild. Lower is the region of barnacles Balanus amphitrite var. communis Darwin and var. niveus Darwin; Balanus tintinnabulum var. tintinnabulum (L.) doesn't grow in this brackish water; lower is the region of Pelecipoda with prepollency of Venus and Cytherea shell-fishes and the Panopeus mud crab; there are the sea lettuce Ulva and the Gastreropod Cerithium. The Paguridae Clibanarius which lives in the empty shells of Gasteropod molluscs, and the sessile ascidians Tethium plicatum (Lesuer) appears in some seasons. In the bottom there is a black argillous mud where the «one landed shrimps» Alpheus sp. is hidden. OLIGOHALINE WATER REGIME — The salinity is lower than 10/1.000. average 8/1.000. There are no barnacles and no sea-beetles Isopods of genus Lygia; on the hay of the shore there are several graminea. This brackish water pervades by mouthes of rivers and penetrates until about 3 kilometers river above. While there is some salt dissolved in water, there are some mud crabs of the genus Uca, Sesarma, Metasesarma and Chasmagnatus. The presence of floating green plants coming from the rivers in the waters of a region indicated the oligohaline waters, with low salt content because when the average of NaCl increases above 8/1.000 these plants die and become rusty colored.

Malignant transformation of a rat fibroma by the treatment with an anti-fibrosing drug: CY-168F (Plastenan)

Fifteen albino (Sprague Dawley) rats with subcutaneous transplanted fibromas was used in the present study. The tumour was formed by typical fibroblasts in a dense collagen matrix and was provenient from a fibroma that appeared spontaneously in an albino rat of the same strain. Ultrastructurally collagen disclosed normal periodicity and the fibroblasts showed irregular notched nuclei with irregular distribution of chromatin, that suggests transitional aspects to fibrosarcoma. The 15 animals, from different passage groups, were divided into: 8 animals submitted to treatment with the drug acexamic acid (CY-168F) - N acetyl-amino-6-hexanoic acid (plastenan) and 7 untreated control animals. Three of the treated animals showed a malignant transformation to fibrosarcoma. transitional histological features from typical fibroma to highly indifferentiated fibrosarcoma could be detected in come animal subjected to repeated biopsies. Ultrastructural study disclosed nuclear alterations and hyperactive ergastoplasm and collagen containing inclusions into the cytoplasm of fibroblasts. In the group of 7 untreated naimals, no malignant transformation could be detected histologically. Two aspects deserve attention: the malignant potential of a typical fibroma and the apparent effect of an antifibrosing drug in inducing malignization of this tumour.

Sobre o isolamento de uma cepa humana de Schistosoma mansoni, Sambon, 1907

In this paper the authors briefly describe a human Schistosoma mansoni strain from Pará State, Brazil. The CIRENE'S strain was capable of infecting 71.4% of the snail vector Biomphalaria glabrata (Telegrafo's strain) provided by the "Evando Chagas" Institute, Belém. The cycle was completed by the infection of six mice. The thoracic and abdominal organs were examined microscopically which demonstrated the passage of the worm into the liver and lungs. The authors discuss the importance of these results in the epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Pará.

Brazilian dengue virus type 1 replication in mosquito cell cultures

The development of dengue viruses type 1 obtained from accute human sera and inoculated into mosquito cell cultures, was observed by standard transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining. It follows the trans-type mechanism already estabilished of other dengue types. Directed passage of single virus particles across the cell membrane seems to be a pathway of entry and exit in dengue-1 infected cells. The nature of numerous electron translucent vesicles and tubules, produced simmultaneously during virus replication inside the rough endoplasmic reticulum, was analyzed by cytochemical tests. The largest amount of virus particles was produced inside cell syncytia.