Multiple insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations compromises the effectiveness of dengue vector control in French Guiana

In French Guiana, pyrethroids and organophosphates have been used for many years against Aedes aegypti. We aimed to establish both the resistance level of Ae. aegypti and the ultra low volume spray efficacy to provide mosquito control services with practical information to implement vector control and resistance management. Resistance to deltamethrin and fenitrothion was observed. In addition, the profound loss of efficacy of AquaK'othrine® and the moderate loss of efficacy of Paluthion® 500 were recorded. Fenitrothion remained the most effective candidate for spatial application in French Guiana until its removal in December 2010. Further investigation of the mechanism of resistance to deltamethrin demonstrated the involvement of mixed-function oxidases and, to a lesser extent, of carboxylesterases. However, these observations alone cannot explain the level of insecticide resistance we observed during tube and cage tests.

Incrimination of Anopheles (Anopheles) intermedius Peryassú, An. (Nyssorhynchus) nuneztovari Gabaldón, An. (Nys.) oswaldoi Peryassú as natural vectors of Plasmodium falciparum in French Guiana

Anopheles darlingi Root is the major vector of human malaria in the Neotropics and has been considered to be the sole malaria vector in French Guiana. The presence of other potential vectors suggests that malaria may be transmitted by other species under certain conditions. From 2006-2011, all anopheline specimens collected from 11 localities were assayed to determine if the Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein was present. In addition to An. darlingi, we found Anopheles oswaldoi, Anopheles intermedius and Anopheles nuneztovari specimens that were infected with Plasmodium sp. Further investigations on the behaviour and ecology of An. oswaldoi, An. intermedius and An. nuneztovari are necessary to determine their role in malaria transmission in French Guiana.

Malaria on the Guiana Shield: a review of the situation in French Guiana

In a climate of growing concern that Plasmodium falciparum may be developing a drug resistance to artemisinin derivatives in the Guiana Shield, this review details our current knowledge of malaria and control strategy in one part of the Shield, French Guiana. Local epidemiology, test-treat-track strategy, the state of parasite drug resistance and vector control measures are summarised. Current issues in terms of mobile populations and legislative limitations are also discussed.

Principles of British health visiting

In an international context, it is sometimes helpful to consider how concepts are understood in different countries, and to explore some different roles. Such knowledge rarely transfers directly from one country or place to another, but to hear about developments from elsewhere can spark ideas and thinking that may be helpful for local developments. This paper gives some brief background about how the health visiting profession developed in Great Britain, and then explains the values and principles that underpin its practice today. Some parallels are drawn with the health situation in modern Brazil.

Três espécies novas de Lestrimelitta Friese (Hymenoptera, Apidae) da Costa Rica, Panamá e Guiana Francesa

Três espécies novas de abelhas do gênero Lestrimelitta são descritas: L. danuncia sp. nov. (da Costa Rica e Panamá), L. mourei sp. nov. (da Costa Rica) e L. glaberrima sp. nov. (da Guiana Francesa). Todas essas espécies foram identificadas anteriormente como Lestrimelitta limao Smith.

British psychophysiology society annual meeting (2005): análise da produção

O objetivo foi analisar a produção científica (N=85) veiculada durante o British Psychophysiology Society Annual Meeting, realizado em 2005 em Birmingham, na Inglaterra, considerando autoria, tipo de trabalho, característica do título, países participantes, instituições de origem dos pesquisadores, temática e estrutura geral do resumo. Os resultados mostraram predomínio da autoria múltipla (73%) de trabalhos relatando dados de pesquisa (98%). Não houve diferenças significantes quanto ao número de vocábulos usados no título até 9 (33%) de 10 a 12 (29%) e mais de 13 (37%). Os países que mais apresentaram trabalhos foram Inglaterra (55,4%), Alemanha (10,7%) e Estados Unidos (10,4%), sendo a Aston University a de maior presença (N= 12). Na temática houve grande dispersão, sendo mais freqüentes os estudos sobre funcionamento do cérebro e sobre os órgãos do sentido. Apenas seis resumos (7%) usaram parágrafo. Os indicadores cientométricos permitem considerar que se trata de área que vem se desenvolvendo em consonância com os parâmetros da ciência.