O Brasil e o mundo no limiar do novo século: diplomacia e desenvolvimento

Durante o primeiro mandato do Presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso, a renovação do sentimento de autoconfiança do país e o respeito da comunidade internacional favoreceram a política externa. Diante das dificuldades econômicas na virada de ano 1998-99, a diplomacia deve manter a visão do longo prazo. O Brasil continua a ser um "país que conta", e que depende fundamentalmente de si próprio para desenvolver-se. Mas é também preciso que melhorem as condições externas. O Brasil empenha-se em contribuir para os debates sobre transformações na ordem internacional. A tarefa prioritária da diplomacia nacional é a de criação de condições externas tão favoráveis quanto possível para o desenvolvimento. A agenda externa do país em 1999 - crise financeira internacional; protecionismo dos países industrializados; integração regional (MERCOSUL, Comunidade Andina, México); ALCA; Cúpula América Latina e Caribe-Europa; negociações agrícolas e "Rodada do Milênio" na OMC; imagem - tem conseqüências importantes para o processo de desenvolvimento nacional.

A política externa do Brasil no início de um novo século: uma mensagem do Presidente da República

O artigo define as linhas da política exterior do governo do Presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso tendo em vista três mudanças fundamentais pelas quais o país tem passado: 1. de um regime autoritário para a democracia; 2. abertura do mercado; e 3. estabilização da moeda. O artigo questiona, também, o que pode ser feito a partir de agora, tendo em vista os crescentes fluxos transnacionais e a interdependência internacional cada vez maior.

A busca de um novo paradigma: política exterior, comércio externo e federalismo no Brasil

O artigo examina o processo de inserção das entidades federativas no cenário do comércio internacional. Para tanto, faz uma análise das relações entre o Estado federativo do Brasil e as relações internacionais do mesmo, com vista ao comércio exterior. Ressalta a nova conjuntura, na qual se faz mister a participação dos Estados-membro articulados com o governo central brasileiro. Destaca o papel do Nordeste, em especial o Ceará, nesse novo contexto econômico.

As relações em eixo: novo paradigma da teoria das relações internacionais?

No presente artigo se propõe as "relações em eixo" como um novo conceito paradigmático da Teoria das Relações Internacionais. Paradigma que, alcançado através da análise das relações bilaterais franco-alemãs e argentino-brasileiras, de 1870 aos nossos dias, permite analisar a formação, a condução e a consolidação de processos regionais de integração que têm por objectivo ultrapassar o quadro estritamente economicista das formas elementares de integração.

Going Global: an organizational study of Brazilian foreign policy

This study analyzes the impact of globalisation on the organization and strategies outlined by the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The study intends to understand how countries from the periphery deal with new institutional challenges resulting from globalization, using the case of the Brazilian diplomatic service.

Brazil: an emerging military power? The problem of the use of force in Brazilian international relations in the 21st century

The central goal of this paper is thinking about the Brazilian military power and its linking to the international ambitions of the country in the 21st century. After a comparative analysis to other BRICs and with a historical one about Brazil's strategic irrelevance, we aim to establish what the minimum military capacity Brazil would need in order to meet the country's latest international interests. Similarly, it will be discussed if the National Strategy of Defense, approved in 2008, and the recent strategic agreements signed with France represent one more step toward this minimum military capacity.

Rendering peacekeeping instrumental? The Brazilian approach to United Nations peacekeeping during the Lula da Silva years (2003-2010)

The article analyses how Brazilian state actions and policies regarding peace operations during the Presidency of Lula da Silva relate to the country's positions and attitudes towards United Nations peacekeeping. It argues that the inconsistencies identified on the Brazilian positions reflect the lack of a clear strategic horizon guiding the country's participation in UN peacekeeping, which consequentially hinders the country emergence as a great power.

The Brazilian Business World: the difficult adaptation to globalization

The article deals with the internationalization of Brazilian businesses in the current decade. In the 1990s, Brazil embraced economic neoliberalism and promoted a huge opening up of its economy. At that time, Brazilian companies had to adapt rapidly. Twenty years later, the country has reinforced its presence in Latin America and has ensured a better position in the global markets, especially by through agricultural exports.

Brazilian external sector so far in the 21st century

Although Brazil has traditionally been characterized by a culture of inward-looking policy making, the presence of foreign firms in the Brazilian productive sector has always been significant. The share of foreign-owned firms is one of the highest that can be found among developing countries. This article discusses the main features of the external sector of the Brazilian economy, regarding trade flows, foreign investment, the internationalization of Brazilian entrepreneurial groups and the short-term financial requirements in foreign currencies

Brazilian foreign policy towards South America during the Lula administration: caught between South America and Mercosur

The aim of this article is to analyze Brazil's foreign policy towards the South American region during President Lula's administration. As such, the article intends to highlight two specific dimensions: the extent to which foreign policy during this period has differed from previous periods and the relative importance granted by Brazilian diplomacy to recent cooperation and integration efforts, more specifically the Unasur and Mercosur. The article argues that the Lula administration has behaved differently from its predecessors by prioritizing the building up of Brazilian leadership in South America on several different fronts, especially by strengthening multilateral institutions in the region

The new Africa and Brazil in the Lula era: the rebirth of Brazilian Atlantic Policy

In the post-Cold War world, Africa has been an important focus of Brazilian foreign policy. Having a significant historical weight in building our nation, African countries are also part of the moves adopted by Brazil's foreign policy. The main purpose of the present text is to show this relevant regional dimension regarding Brazil's international insertion during the Lula era. The work is divided in two parts: the first part approaches Africa's international insertion throughout recent years and the second analyses the dimension occupied by African affairs in Brazil during the Lula era. The main argument is that the new role played by Africa in the international scene coincides with a global Brazil

Brazilian foreign policy under President Lula (2003-2010): an overview

Foreign Minister of Brazil since 2003, Ambassador Celso Amorim outlines the main guidelines and accomplishments of Brazil's foreign policy under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. The article provides a full-fledged, although not exhaustive, narrative of a number of diplomatic initiatives championed by Brazil over the last eight years: from the gathering of the group of developing countries in a World Trade Organization (WTO) meeting in Cancun to the negotiations that led to the Declaration of Tehran, as well as the challenges the country has been facing as its international weight grows.

The Brazilian position on forests and climate change from 1997 to 2012: from veto to proposition

This article describes the Brazilian position on forests and climate change from 1997 to 2012. It argues that it has evolved from a veto, which excluded from the climate change regime emissions from the conversion of native forests, to a proposition, as Brazil offered its approach to the international community. It explains the change with domestic developments: governance over deforestation, the emergence of new and relevant actors, and presidential diplomacy.

Governance of global climate change in the Brazilian Amazon: the case of Amazonian municipalities of Brazil

With regards to the debate about governance of climate change, it should be assumed that the Amazon region plays an important role, as this large area is highly vulnerable to its effects. In this sense, this article aims to discuss how some Amazonian municipalities of Brazil have been taking part in the complexes and multilayered processes of climate governance.