Estudos anatômicos e histológicos, principalmente do aparelho genital de Bulimulus corumbaensis Pilsbry, 1897: (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Bulimulidae)

No trabalho apresentado os autores fazem um estudo sôbre a estrutura anatômica e histológica do aparelho genital de Bulimulus corumbaensis Pilsbry, 1897, considerando também a descrição da concha, mandíbula, rádula e câmara paleal. Esta espécie, que era conhecida apenas pelos seus caracteres conchiológicos, apresenta como caracteres importantes para a sua diagnose a morfologia e a estrutura das seguintes partes: 1 - Conchas de adultos com comprimento variando entre 19 mm e 29 mm. Muito característico nesta espécie é sua ornamentação com faixas axiais translúcidas e opacas. As primeiras variam de incolores a castanhas com tôdas as tonalidades. Devido a isto, conforme a intensidade da pigmentação e a freqüência das faixas translúcidas, a coloração da concha fica entre o branco e o castanho. Nas conchas totalmente brancas, existem faixas axiais translúcidas (desprovidas de pigmentação castanha) e faixas branco opacas intercaladas. As conchas intensamente castanhas, apresentam esta tonalidade pela proximidade das faixas castanhas translúcidas. 2 - Ovotestis constiuído por numerosos grupos de folículos bem individualizados, variando nos exemplares dissecados de 4 a 6. 3 - "Talon" aproximadamente três vêzes menor que o canal hermafrodita, apresentando-se dividido em dois tubos. O menos, situado no lado oposto à entrada do canal hermafrodita, histològicamente, é constituído por um único tupo de luz ampla. O maior, situado entre o canal hermafrodita e o tubo acima referido, microscòpicamente mostra 7 túbulos, que em alturas diferentes vão desembocar no tubo menor. O canal hermafrodita, por sua vez, desemboca um pouco mais abaixo. 4 - A bainha muscular do pênis, que é bem desenvolvida, é atravessada aproximadamente na metade do seu comprimetno pelo canal deferente. 5 - Porção proximal do falus apresentando 5 glândulas tubulosas ramificadas, distribuídas do seguinte modo: posteriormente são em número de 4, dispostas envolvendo a luz central do pênis e nela desembocando em alturas variáveis. A outra glândula, anteriormente situada, tem numerosos septos e resulta de uma divisão da luz central do pênis, com modificação do epitélio que se tornou glandular. 6 - A inserção do músculo retrator no flagelo é subterminal.

Serological studies on an outbreak of smallpox in the State of Bahia - Brazil in 1969

Four weeks after Containment Vaccination undertaken against the largest outbreak of smallpox occured in Brazil in 1969, that of the municipality of Utinga, Bahia, 99 samples of serum were collected from the local population. These samples were classified in four groups: a) - Individuals with a history of variola prior to the beginning of present outbreak in town (15 sera); "Previous smallpox group"; b) - Individuals with primary vaccination, with no record variola, at the time of containment measures (15 sera). "Primary vaccinated group"; c) - Individuals with no previous record of variola revaccinated with "take" at the time of containment (15 sera0, "Revaccinated group"; d) - Individuals who contracted variola in present outbreak (54 sera) these were subdivided in four sub-groups, according to dates on which cases ocurred, "Variola in outbreak group". Serological study of samples was done by tests of hemagglutination inhibition, neutralization, and complement fixation. It was observed that HI titers were significantly lower in cases of previous smallpox than in other groups. Although they were slightly higher on revaccinated individuals than on primary vaccinated group and than in the group of variola in outbreak, this difference was not significant. Those same antibodies were present in all cases of variola in outbreak, and it was found that titers decreased in direct proportion to time elapsed from occurrence of cases. Neutralizing antibodies proved to be significantly higher on the revaccinated group than on variola in outbreak group, and higher on these than on primary vaccinated and on the previous smallpox groups. In cases from the variola in outbreak it was verified that neutralizing antibodies remained stable, although with great variation in titers. Tests of complement fixation could not be undertaken on all samples, because many of them proved to have anticomplementarity. However, it was found that complement fixing antibodies diminished rapidly, becoming negative for earlier infections. Finally, the authors suggest that there would be some evidence that HI titers are lower in variola minor under Brazilian conditions than in variola major.

Infecção natural do Holochilus brasiliensis nanus Thomas, 1897 (Rodentia, cricetidae) por Litomosoides carinii

É registrada a infecção natural do Holochilus brasiliensis nanus, um pequeno roedor semi-aquático da Baixada Ocidental do Estado do Maranhão, Brasil, por Litomosoides carinii.

Gorgorhynchus Trachinotus n.sp. and new host records for Dollfusentis Chandleri Golvan, 1969 (Paleacanthocephala, Echinorhynchoidea)

Gorgorhynchus trachinotus recovered from the intestine of trachinotus goodei Jordan & Evermann, 1896 is proposed as a new species and three new host records are reported for Dollfusentis chandleri Golvan, 1969.

Influência do hospedeiro no ciclo e comprovação do ciclo heteroxeno de Anocentor nitens (Neumann, 1897)

Steers and rabbits were used as experimental hosts for Anocenter nitens during scheduled infections, when ticks were recovered from naturally infected horses. Thus, the influence of the host species on the parasite was evaluated mainly considering parameters related to the engorgement period and pre molting of evolutive stages. It was also observed that almost 5% if the metanymphae and a few more than 1% of metalarvae fall off from the host to molt in the evironment, characterizing cycles in one or more hosts. The heteroxenous cycle is reported for the first time occuring in A. nitens.

First report of the genera Macvicaria Gibson & Bray, 1982, Pachycreadium Manter, 1954 and Saturnius manter, 1969 (Trematoda: Digenea), in brazilian marine fishes

Macvicaria crassigula (Linton, 1910) (Opecoelidae) is referred from the intestine of Micropogonias furnieri and from Stellifer rastrifer; and from Stellifer rastrifer, and Saturnius maurepasi Overstreet, 1977 (Bunocotylidae) from the stomach of Mugil liza. This is the first report of these species in Brazil, and a new host records are presented.

The Ultrastructure of the Gastrodermis and the Nutrition of the Gill Parasitic Atriaster heterodus Lebedev and Paruchin, 1969 (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea)

The gastrodermis of Atriaster heterodus Lebedev & Paruchin, 1969 (Polyopisthocotylea), a gill parasite from Diplodus argenteus (Valenciennes, 1830), is composed of "U"-shape hematin cells and a connecting syncytium, both having cytoplasmic lamellae. These cells show outgrowths and bent folds which were seen to enclose lumen material. The trapped material was then subjected to endocytosis. The nature of ingested food material was comparatively analyzed by cytochemical and histochemical tests. Blood residues were detected in the gut but tests for mucins were negative. No intact erythrocytes were observed in the gut lumen.

Seasonal analysis of the number of aeropiles in Anocentor nitens (Neumann, 1897) (Acari: Ixodidae) from the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Variation between aeropile numbers of the right and left peritrematic plate in male and female Anocentor nitens (Neumann, 1897) is reported from a site in Brazil. From January to December 1998, 146 males and 247 females of A. nitens were recovered from Equus caballus L. in Silva Jardim District, State of Rio de Janeiro. Asymmetry of numbers of aeropiles between right and left plates occurred in 83.6% of the males and 82.2% of the females. Differences in the number of aeropiles between the sexes were not significant. Quantitative variation of aeropiles was correlated to the period of recovery, with significant asymmetry detected in August-September and November-December, mainly in males. Results suggest an adaptation, especially in the male ticks, that expresses itself as greater variation in the number of aeropiles in some periods of the year.