Isolation of Leishmania sp. from aqueous humor of a patient with cutaneous disseminated leishmaniasis and bilateral iridocyclitis (preliminary report)

The Authors report an uncommon case of leishmaniasis with disseminated cutaneous lesions, systemic manifestations and ocular involvement, the latter being characterized by bilateral nongranulomatous iridocyclitis. The severity of the oph-thalmologic lesions and its unresponsiveness to therapy (in spite of satisfactory regression of both systemic and cutaneous manifestations) lead to a needle aspiration of the anterior eye chamber, content. From this material Leishmania sp was isolated. To our knowledge this is the first time that Leishmania has been shown into the ocular globe.

DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY WITH TOPICAL ISOCONAZOLE AND TERBINAFINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF ONE PATIENT WITH BILATERAL Tinea nigra plantaris AND SUGGESTIONS FOR NEW DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

The authors report a case of bilateral Tinea nigra plantaris treated through a double-blind study with the topical antifungal agents Isoconazole and Terbinafine. The objective of the study was to clinically compare the efficacy of these two topical antifungal agents on days 10, 20 and 30 of the treatment. No significant clinical differences were found, as all the plantar lesions regressed completely by the end of the treatment. Our conclusion was that in the case reported, the topical antifungal agents Isoconazole and Terbinafine demonstrated identical efficacy as a clinical cure. We also suggest the inclusion of injuries caused by arthropods of the Diplopoda Class in the differential diagnosis of Tinea nigra plantaris, due to the persistent acral hyperpigmentation.

Bilateral adrenal histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent man

Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease that is endemic in Brazil. It may present as chronic pulmonary infection or in disseminated form. Disseminated histoplasmosis frequently affects the adrenal gland; however, unilateral involvement in immunosuppressed patients is the usual presentation. We report a case of an elderly immunocompetent male with history of weight loss, fever and bilateral adrenal mass who was successfully treated with itraconazole.

Bilateral paracoccidioidomycotic iliopsoas abscess associated with ileo-colonic lesion

This case report shows the clinical development of a patient with systemic paracoccidioidomycosis presenting with lymphatic-intestinalmanifestation. The patient initially had a substantial clinical improvement but had a recrudescence after six months of sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim oral treatment, with the emergence of feverish syndrome, lumbar pain, and intermittent claudication, characterizing a bilateral iliopsoas muscle abscess, necessitating clinicosurgical therapeutics.

Bilateral posterior circulation stroke secondary to a crotalid envenomation: case report

Snake bite envenoming is a disease with potential serious neurological complications. We report a case of an adolescent who was bitten by a rattlesnake and developed bilateral posterior circulation stroke. The rattlesnake was later identified as being Crotalus durissus terrificus. Stroke was probably due to toxic vasculitis or toxin-induced vascular spasm and endothelial damage.

Bilateral giant renal angiomyolipoma associated with hepatic lipoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of bilateral giant renal angiomyolipoma associated with tuberous sclerosis, with successful treatment, and to review the literature concerning angiomyolipoma treatment. CASE REPORT: Patient with tuberous sclerosis and angiomyolipoma diagnosed by ultrasonography during her pregnancy. At that time, the angiomyolipoma on the right side was 9 cm in diameter. Conservative management was selected during her pregnancy. The patient returned 7 years later, with a 24.7 x 19.2 x 10.7 cm tumor on the right side and another of 13 x 11.5 x 6.5 cm on the left side, in addition to multiple small angiomyolipomas. A nephron-sparing surgery with tumoral enucleation was performed on the right side, and after 3 months, the tumor on the left side was removed. Renal function in the post-operative period was preserved, and contrast medium progression was uniform and adequate in both kidneys. CONCLUSION: We conclude that an angiomyolipoma larger than 4 cm should be removed surgically, since they have a greater growth rate and pose a risk of hemorrhage. Resection of smaller tumors is safe and has decreased morbidity. Tumoral enucleation is an effective treatment method that preserves kidney function.

Glaucoma agudo bilateral por uso de topiramato: relato de caso

O topiramato, uma sulfa monossacarídica, usada primariamente como um anticonvulsivante, é uma droga relativamente nova no mercado brasileiro. Devido às potencialidades terapêuticas do topiramato em uma gama variada de patologias (enxaquecas, transtornos do humor, etc.), assim como pelas diversas novas apresentações comerciais surgidas no país ultimamente, espera-se que seu uso venha a ser cada dia mais comum. O presente relato se refere a um grave efeito colateral decorrente do uso da medicação em questão, ocorrido em um homem de 36 anos - o glaucoma agudo bilateral, evento ainda pouco relatado na literatura mundial. Por conta de tal quadro, o paciente teve de se submeter a uma iridotomia bilateral.

Coronary bilateral ostial enlargement using the saphenous vein in a patient with syphilitic aortitis

A patient with tertiary syphilis presenting with bilateral coronary ostial lesions and aortic regurgitation underwent surgical reconstruction of the coronary ostia by the anterior approach with autogenous saphenous vein grafting and substitution of the aortic valve with a bovine bioprosthesis. The procedure was easily performed and had good outcomes both early and late. The rarity of the association of a lesion in both coronary ostia with aortic regurgitation in syphilis and the surgical technique employed are discussed.

Bilateral carotid endarterectomy combined with myocardial revascularization during the same surgical act

The best surgical approach for the treatment of patients with severe cerebral artery disease and simultaneous serious coronary artery disease still remains controversial. In this report we present a case of a 72-year-old female patient admitted to the hospital with unstable angina. Triple coronary artery obstructive disease and severe bilateral carotid artery stenosis were diagnosed. A combined, simultaneous surgical procedure was performed. After total circulatory by-pass with a membrane oxygenator, the patient's body temperature was lowered to 32°C. During the cool-down period, three proximal anastomoses of segments of autologous saphenous veins were performed in the ascending aorta. Immediately afterwards, bilateral carotid endarterectomy was performed, followed by three distal anastomoses to coronary arteries. The patient showed a satisfactory post-operative outcome. It was concluded that the combination of moderate hypothermia, hemodilution with appropriate hemodynamic control, as used in this patient, was an effective method of cerebral protection. The simultaneous approach of carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery by-pass surgery should be seen as a safe option for the treatment of this type of patient.

Cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica: uso de enxerto bilateral de artéria torácica interna sem circulação extracorpórea

FUNDAMENTO: Avanços na cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (RM) introduziram benefícios adicionais, como a técnica sem uso da circulação extracorpórea (CEC) e a utilização do enxerto bilateral de artéria torácica interna (ATI). A cirurgia de RM sem uso da CEC tem sido associada a melhora dos resultados imediatos e a redução da incidência de complicações perioperatórias, e o uso bilateral de enxertos de ATI oferece aumento de sobrevida e redução de eventos cardiovasculares a longo prazo. OBJETIVO: Apresentar a experiência inicial com o emprego combinado desses avanços na cirurgia de RM. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 35 pacientes consecutivos submetidos a RM sem CEC, com enxertos bilaterais de ATIs, sendo a ATI esquerda dirigida para a artéria descendente anterior e a ATI direita anastomosada aos ramos da artéria circunflexa. As co-morbidades predominantes foram infarto do miocárdio prévio em 71,4% dos pacientes, diabetes melito em 34,2% e insuficiência renal em 14,2%. RESULTADOS: Nenhum paciente apresentou alteração do eletrocardiograma ou elevação enzimática no pós-operatório. O número de pontes por paciente variou de 2 a 4 (mediana de 3 pontes/paciente). A permanência hospitalar pós-operatória esteve entre 3 e 12 dias (média de 4,7 + 1,7 dias). Não houve casos de infecção ou deiscência esternal, mas um paciente apresentou acidente vascular cerebral no quarto dia de pós-operatório e faleceu. A duração do seguimento tardio foi de 4 a 48 meses. Não houve óbitos tardios, 31 pacientes estão assintomáticos e 3 têm angina residual. CONCLUSÃO: A combinação desses avanços técnicos na cirurgia de revascularização cirúrgica mostrou-se eficaz e pode contribuir para a melhora dos benefícios a longo prazo.

Grande fístula bilateral da artéria coronária: a escolha do tratamento clínico

Relatamos o caso de um paciente do sexo feminino, assintomática, com grande fístula bilateral da artéria coronária-artéria pulmonar. O monitoramento clínico foi a opção escolhida para tratamento. Discutimos os pormenores das opções terapêuticas, enfatizando a tendência excessiva de utilizar a abordagem cirúrgica e a grande escassez de acompanhamentos clínicos de longo prazo em pacientes assintomáticos.

Bilateral anomaly in the style of Micropygomyia schreiberi (Martins, Falcão & Silva) (Diptera, Psychodidae)

This paper presents a specimen of phlebotomine sand fly with a bilateral anomaly in the style. Although such anomaly be rare in this group of insects, it may cause confusion in taxonomic identification and even lead to description of new species, increasing the number of synonymies. The specimen was measured and compared with the holotype and four paratypes of Micropygomyia schreiberi (Martins, Falcão & Silva, 1975) and confirmed that it belongs, in fact, to this species.

INCLUDING RISK IN ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS:A STOCHASTIC SIMULATION MODEL FOR BLUEBERRY INVESTMENT DECISIONS IN CHILE

ABSTRACT The traditional method of net present value (NPV) to analyze the economic profitability of an investment (based on a deterministic approach) does not adequately represent the implicit risk associated with different but correlated input variables. Using a stochastic simulation approach for evaluating the profitability of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) production in Chile, the objective of this study is to illustrate the complexity of including risk in economic feasibility analysis when the project is subject to several but correlated risks. The results of the simulation analysis suggest that the non-inclusion of the intratemporal correlation between input variables underestimate the risk associated with investment decisions. The methodological contribution of this study illustrates the complexity of the interrelationships between uncertain variables and their impact on the convenience of carrying out this type of business in Chile. The steps for the analysis of economic viability were: First, adjusted probability distributions for stochastic input variables (SIV) were simulated and validated. Second, the random values of SIV were used to calculate random values of variables such as production, revenues, costs, depreciation, taxes and net cash flows. Third, the complete stochastic model was simulated with 10,000 iterations using random values for SIV. This result gave information to estimate the probability distributions of the stochastic output variables (SOV) such as the net present value, internal rate of return, value at risk, average cost of production, contribution margin and return on capital. Fourth, the complete stochastic model simulation results were used to analyze alternative scenarios and provide the results to decision makers in the form of probabilities, probability distributions, and for the SOV probabilistic forecasts. The main conclusion shown that this project is a profitable alternative investment in fruit trees in Chile.