Trypanosoma guairaensis sp. n. (Protozoa, Kinetoplastida) parasita de megaloancistrus aculeatus (Perugia, 1891) (Pisces, Loricariidae)

Descreve-se a espécie Trypanosoma guairaensis sp. n. parasita de Megaloancistrus aculeatus do rio Paraná (reservatório de Itaipu). Características morfométricas como comprimento e largura do núcleo e comprimento da parte livre do flagelo, bem como os valores do índice nuclear, diferenciam T. guairaensis de todas as espécies de tripanosomas descritas para peixes de água doce do Brasil.

Redescription of Prosthenhystera obesa (Diesing, 1850) (Callodistomidae, Digenea) with New Host Records and Data on Morphological Variability

Prosthenhystera obesa (Diesing,1850) Travassos, 1922 from the gall bladder of Astyanax bimaculatus, Caranx gibbosus, Galeocharax humeralis, Leporinus copelandii, Pimelodus fur, Pseudopimelodus roosevelti, Salminus brevidens, Salminus maxillosus and from the new hosts, Cynopotamus amazonum and Triurobrycon lundii is redescribed, demonstrating a large morphological variation, mainly in body and testes size and shape. New hosts harbouring immature specimens of P. obesa are presented: Brycon sp., Leporellus vittatus, Pachyurus squamipinnis, Pimelodus clarias, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans and Salminus hilarii. Scanning electron microscopy micrographies, original figures and measurements of adult and immature specimens from different Brazilian hosts and localities are presented

Neocucullanus neocucullanus Travassos, Artigas et Pereira, 1928 (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) from the Characidae fish, Brycon hilarii Valenciennes, 1850, from Brazil

During investigation on the helminth parasites from Brycon hilarii Valenciennes, 1850 (Characiformes, Characidae), from River Juba, Tangará da Serra, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, several specimens of the nematode Neocucullanus Travassos, Artigas et Pereira, 1928 were detected. A detailed study of this material, including scanning electron microscopy, allowed to identify these nematodes as N. neocucullanus Travassos, Artigas et Pereira, 1928 and to confirm N. multipapillatus Petter, 1989 as a junior synonym of N. neocucullanus.

Infectious disease among enslaved African Americans at Eaton's Estate, Warren County, North Carolina, ca. 1830-1850

The skeletal remains of 17 people buried in the Eaton Ferry Cemetery in northern North Carolina provide a means of examining health and infectious disease experience in the XIX century South. The cemetery appears to contain the remains of African Americans enslaved on the Eaton family estate from approximately 1830-1850, and thus offers a window into the biological impacts of North American slavery in the years preceding the Civil War. The sample includes the remains of six infants, one child, and one young and nine mature adults (five men, four women, and one unknown). Skeletal indices used to characterize health and disease in the Eaton Ferry sample include dental caries, antemortem tooth loss, enamel hypoplasia, porotic hyperostosis, periosteal lesions, lytic lesions, and stature. These indicators reveal a cumulative picture of compromised health, including high rates of dental disease, childhood growth disruption, and infectious disease. Specific diseases identified in the sample include tuberculosis and congenital syphilis. Findings support previous research on the health impacts of slavery, which has shown that infants and children were the most negatively impacted segment of the enslaved African American population.

CONTROLE INTEGRADO DE SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (SMITH & ABBOTT) UTILIZANDO-SE O PARASITÓIDE TELENOMUS REMUS NIXON

Este estudo foi conduzido em 1996 e 1997 para avaliar a eficiência da liberação de Telenomus remus Nixon (cerca de 200.000 adultos/ha), sozinho ou integrado ao vírus de poliedrose nuclear de Spodoptera frugiperda (VPNSf) ou a um inseticida químico seletivo, para o controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith & Abbott). Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram avaliados os danos provocados pela praga às folhas (escala de 0 a 5) e o rendimento de espigas. De maneira geral, os danos provocados pela praga foram significativamente superiores nas parcelas testemunhas (nota média de 2,94). Não houve diferença significativa entre os demais tratamentos (média 1,04). De maneira semelhante, houve diferença significativa no rendimento de espiga entre testemunha (7.165 kg/ha) e demais tratamentos (9.084 kg/ha). Não houve efeito dos tratamentos no comprimento da espiga e no dano às espigas.