382 resultados para B latossólico


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Em uma plantação de cafeeiros (Coffea arabica cv. Catuai) com dois, três, quatro e cinco anos de idade no campo, situada em Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, fase cerrado no município de Salto, SP, determinou-se o recrutamento de micronutrientes no caule, ramos, folhas e frutos, durante as fases fenológicas de repouso, granaçao e maturação. Concluiu-se que: A maior acumulação de cobre, manganês e zinco ocorre nos meses de julho, janeiro e junho em cafeeiros com cinco anos de idade. A acumulação de boro e ferro varia em função das épocas. Em janeiro e junho o acúmulo de ferro nao mostrou diferenças entre as idades. O cafeeiro aos cinco anos de campo exporta através da colheita, em função do conteúdo total da planta 30% de B, 46% de Cu, 26% de Fe, 14% de Mn e 25% de Zn.

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In May 1987, a female of Bothrops jararaca (Wied, 1824), from Carazinho, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, was placed in the same vivarium with a male of Bothrops neuwiedi Wagler, 1824 coming from Guaíba, RS. There, they stayed for aproximately ten months. In March 1988, it was observed a delivery of five live and two still born, among them six presented morphologic characteristics of B. neuwiedi and one of B. jararaca. After the female died, in April 1988, through necropsy, two fetusus were found, one near the cloaca and, both identified as B. neuwiedi. The morphologic analysis and the origin of the progenitors suggest the hypothesis that the litter was resulted of cross-breeding.

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Calanoid copepods are abundant in South American inland waters and include widespread species, such as Boeckella gracilipes (Daday, 1902), which occurs from the Ecuador to Tierra del Fuego Island. This species occurs under various environmental conditions, and is found in oligotrophic lakes in Patagonia (39-54°S) and in shallow mountain lakes north of 39°S. The aim of the present study is to conduct a morphometric comparison of male specimens of B. titicacae collected in Titicaca and B. gracilipes collected in Riñihue lakes, with a third population of B. gracilipes collected in shallow ponds in Salar de Surire. Titicaca and Riñihue lakes are stable environments, whereas Salar de Surire is an extreme environment. These ponds present an extreme environment due to high exposure to solar radiation and high salinity levels. The results of the study revealed differences among the three populations. These results agree well with systematic descriptions in the literature on differences between the populations of Titicaca and Riñihue lakes, and population of Salar de Surire differs slightly from the other two populations. It is probable that the differences between the population of Salar de Surire and the other two populations result from the extreme environment in Salar de Surire. High exposure to solar radiation, high salinity and extreme variations in temperature enhance genetic variations that are consequently expressed in morphology.

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The infusion used as a beverage and known as tea of Paraguay or male (Ilex paraguarensis, St. Hil.) contains vitamin B (aneurin). 2) Aneurin determinations were made on the infusion commonly used (water extract) and on the complete water and alcohol extracts. The presence of aneurin was detected in both extracts. For quantitative study aneurin was adsorbed from the extracts (pH 3.8-4.0) by means of fuller's earth and kaolin. 3) Animal tests with pigeons and mice (curative, preventive and maintenance of body weight) give positive but inconstant results. No exact quantitative values could be obtained with the animal test. 4) Schopfer-Jung test based on the development of the mould « Phycomyces blakesleeanus, Bgf » showed constant results. Regular growth curves were obtained with the adsorbate of kaolin and fuller's earth. 5) The thiochrome fluorescence test introduced by Jansen was applied to the detection of aneurin in the adsorbate and good results were found which check closely with those encountered by the Schopfer-Jung test. 6) The determinations of aneurin by means of the Phycomyces and thiochrome tests gave values varying from 60 to 280 y per 100 gr. 7) Green leaves are more rich in aneurin than dry ones.

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The microbiological assay for riboflavin was employed for the determination in liver, yeast and plasma extracts. Snell and Strong's method was used and slight modifications were introduced for the preparation of the basal medium. Accurate results were obtained and the practical value of the method is discussed.

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The microbiological assay method of Snell and Wright for niacine was studied and some modifications of the basal medium were proposed. A maximal growth of the "Lactobacillus arabinosus" was obtained by the addition to the basal medium of 25 mg % asparagine and increasing the percentages of glucose and sodium acetate. Liver and yeast extracts were assayed satisfactory and the niacine added was recovered quantitatively.

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Hyla claresignata Lutz & Lutz, 1939, is a large species apparently not closely allied to the other known Brazilian hylas. It is characterized by the very small tympanum; the head is short and the snout rounded; the legs are long, the hands and feet unusually large, the latter extensively webbbed. The specific name is derived from the insular, irregular, or roughly triangular, dark spots, with a light halo, found mostly in the dorso-lateral region and on the legs. It belongs to the rain-forest fauna of the Marítime Range. The adult is a bromeliad-dweller and the tadpole rhyacophilous. DESCRIPTION. Vomerine teeth in two separate, oblique, groups, behind the large choanae, parallel to the posterior half of their inner border. Tongue entire, short, very broad and hardly free behind. Snout short, rounded, with distinct canthus rostralis and gradually sloping loreal region. Eye very large and prominent, its horizontal diameter almost equal to the distance between its anterior corner and the tip of the snout. Tympanum very small, less than one third of the diameter of the eye, but distinct, partly covered by a short, heavy ridge. Lateral fingers less than one third webbed; fourth finger slightly longer than the second, just reaching the base of the disk of the third; subarticular tubercles well developed; an angular pollex rudiment, more noticeable in the males. Toes almost completely webbed, the edge of the web inserted at the base of the disk on the third and the fifth; an inner metatarsal tubercle. Skin smooth above, granular beneath, on the throat minutely so. No dermal appendage on the hell. Habit robust, head broader than long, body rather heavy, slightly narrowed in the postaxillary region. Legs long, the tibiotarsal articulation reaching beyond the tip of the snout when adpressed. Type (female): 61 mm. (Fig. 1.) DIAGNOSIS of TADPOLE (by G. Orton). "A large specialized, mountain-stream tadpole, with wide head an elongated, flattened snout, greatly enlarged lips and high tooth formula. Eyes dorsal. Spiracle sinistral, projecting, situated far back on side. Anus dextral. Tooth formula 8/12 to 9/14 in fully grown larvae. Tail with a prominent, vertical dark band across musculature and fins; a second concentration of dark pigment near tip of tail, may or may not form a similar but narrower band. Maximum known total length: 60mm.; head and body length 25mm. (Figs. 6 e 7). For further details see Lutz & Lutz, 1939 and Lutz B. & Orton G. 1946.

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Encholirium Lutzii is distinguished from the majority of species by its branched inflorescence. Only E. horridum L. B. Smith and rarely E. spectabile Martius exhibit this character, but have much larger flowers than E. Lutzii and stout floral axes. Also the wing of the seed in E. horridum is very long-caudate. We feel that it is particularly appropriate to dedicate this new species to Dr. Adolpho Lutz because of his great discoveries in the biological relationships of the Bromeliaceae.

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The specific activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, β-glucuronidase, lysozymes, glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase and glutamate-pyruvate transaminate were determined in the head-foot and digestive gland of Brazilian Biomphalaria glabrata (Touros), B. tenagophila (Caçapava) and B. straminea (Monsenhor Gil). All six enzymes were detected inthe 3000g supernatant. Both cytoplasmic enzymes, glutamate-oxalacetate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase exhibited the highest specific activities. In the case of the four hydrolytic enzymes assayed, β-glucuronidase exhibited the highest specific activity while lysozyme showed the lowest activity. All six enzymes are thought to be produced by cells within the head-foot and digestive gland of B. glabrata, B. tenagophila and B. straminea.

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Pela técnica de cromatografia de afinidade, utilizando-se a resina de Sepharose 4B ligada ao anti-HBs, obteve-se na passagem de plasma de portador assintomático de antígeno HBs, um antígeno parcialmente purificado. Este antígeno foi utilizado para a inoculação em coelhos, num esquema de cinco doses, sendo a primeira dose de 1mg e as quatro subseqüentes de 0,5 mg, com intervalos aproximadamente de quinze dias. Observando-se que os títulos não mais variaram após a quinta inoculação, os animais foram sangrados no 62° dia e os anticorpos anti-HBs obtidos foram padronizados através dos seguintes métodos para detecção de antígeno HBs: a) Hemaglutinação passiva reversa (HAPR) – utilizando-se a gamaglobulina específica obtida de soro imune dos coelhos através de cromatografia de afinidade, alcançando uma concentração ótima de apenas 10µg/ml para a sensibilização de hemácias de carneiro a 5%, fixadas com glutaraldeído. B) Contraimunoeletroforese (CIEF) – utilizando-se o soro imune diluído até 1/20 como reagente para a detecção do antígeno HBs. O soro imune anti-HBs foi também utilizado para a conjugação com uma nova resina de Sepharose 4b tendo uma captação aproximada de 0,5 a 1,0mg antígeno HBs por ml de resina após completa saturação.

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Biomphalaria glabrata and B. straminea were submitted to an out-door laboratory experiment for testing their comparative ability to resist desiccation. Results have shown that B. straminea is significantly higher resistant than B. glabrata. After five months under such distressing condition the survival ratios were: B. glabrata 8.1 per cent and B. straminea 18.4 per cent.

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Conjugates of goat anti-HBs IgG and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) prepared by two different methods, one using NaIO4 and the other SPDP, were compared. Anti-HBs antibodies obtained from goat, rabbit and guinea-pig were tested as capture serum. The ELISA showed a sensitivity similar to RIA and a level of antigen captation ranging from 4.37 to 8.75 nanograms/ml was obtained when rabbit or guinea-pig captures were used combined with both NaIO4 or SPDP conjugates.