Estudo sôbre flebotomus no vale Amazônico: parte II. descrição de F. Dunhami, F. Melloi e F. Wagleyi (Diptera, Psychodidae)

Três espécies novas de Flebotomus da Região Amazônica são descritas sob os nomes de F. dunhami, F. melloi e F. wagleyi. Tôdas apresentam quatro espinhos no segmento distal da gonapófise superior e gonapófise mediana não bifurcada mas provida de um apêndice na face superior que dá ao conjunto a aparência de uma bifurcação.

Estudos sobre a dosagem microbiologica das vitaminas do complexo B - II. Niacina

The microbiological assay method of Snell and Wright for niacine was studied and some modifications of the basal medium were proposed. A maximal growth of the "Lactobacillus arabinosus" was obtained by the addition to the basal medium of 25 mg % asparagine and increasing the percentages of glucose and sodium acetate. Liver and yeast extracts were assayed satisfactory and the niacine added was recovered quantitatively.

Notas sôbre Tabânidas brasileiros: II. Fidena callipyga n. sp.

Fidena callipyga n. sp. is described from three specimens, in the collections of the INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ. It is related to Fidena ornata kröb., 1931 and Fidena aureopygia Kröb., 1931. It can be distinguished from both by the postfrons which is comparatively broader in relation to the high, by the light golden-yellow color of the beard, in striking contrast to the hairs on the propleurae and anterior coxae, and by the extent of the golden-yellow on the abdomen. In size, ornamentation and principally in the form of the palpi it is nearer to aureopygia. Fidena callipyga n. sp. and Melpia miniatistola (End.), 1925 constitute a pair of convergent forms, they differ however not only as to hairs on the mesonotum, femora and hind tibiae and form of the abdomen, but also as to the color of the beard.

Ensaios terapêuticos com penicilina V-Bouba (Framboesia, pian, yaws): I - Dose curatina mínima: II - Redução do número de injeções diarias: III - Redução de tempo de tratamento pelo emprêgo de doses mais elevadas

This report belongs to the series of works carried out Oswaldo Cruz Ins¬titute, on the treatment of treponematosis with penicillin. The present report deals with investigations performed in order to ascer¬tain the following points: 1) the mininal curative dosis for the initial lesions of yaws; 2) the effect of reduction of the number of injections each day, to verifie the possibility of application of penicillin in the prophylaxis of yaws in rural zones; 3) reduction of the time of treatment by application of high dosis. 1) With dosis of 150 and 100 Oxford units each four hours, clinical reco¬very was obtained after 17 days of treatment. With 50 O.u. during 40 days clinical recovery was not obtained. 2) a) With 3 injections of 400 O.u. each day (6,12 and 18 hoórs clocks) clinical recovery was obtained after 14 to 16 days; b) with 2 injections of 400 O.u. each day (6 and 18 hoors clocks), clinical recovery was obtained after 16 to 23 days; c) with 1 injection of 1.600 and 3.200 each day, clinical recovery was obtained after 30 and 20 days. 3) With dosis of 33.3 and 46.7 O.u. by each kilo of weight each four hours, during 15 days, clinical recovery was obtained more or less in 25 days. The same result was obtained with the dosis of 61.5 and 166.7 O.u. by each kilo of weight, each four hours, during 4 days. But with 100.000 O.u. in fine dosis of 20.000 in a day ou by, clinical recovery was not obtained.

A vegetação do município de ilhéus, Estado da Bahia: II observação e ligeiras considerações acêrca de espécies que ocorrem na regiçao: chave analítica das espécies arbóreas

I - Short description of the species. II - Analytic key of the trees. III - List of the species collected with register number and author's number. SHORT DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES - This section includes a short morphological analysis of the species and the study of their geographic distribution, locality, habitat and regional zonation. ANALYTIC KEY OF THE TREES - The author was obliged to make a morphological key for his use on account of the great difficulty met in identifying the species in the field. LIST OF SPECIES COLLECTED WITH REGISTER AND COLLECTOR'S NUMBERS - As the majority of the species from Ilheus are paratypes of the types described in "Flora Brasiliensis" it was decided to publish this list. The author's chief objective was to call the attention of specialists tothe undetermined material with a view to interesting them in studying it.

As espécies neotropicais da família Simuliidae Schiner (Diptera Nematocera): II. Lutzsimulium cruzi, n. gen. e n. sp. e nova concepção da nervação das asas dos Simulídeos

A new system for wing venation of Simuliidae is proposed. Lutzsimulium cruzi n., gen. and n. sp. is described based on an single female and its pupal skin.

Espécies neotropicais da família Simuliidae Schiner: (Diptera Nematocera): II. Lutzsimulium cruzi, n. gen. e n. sp. e nova concepção da nervação das asas dos Simulídeos

A new system for wing venation of Simuliidae is proposed. Lutzsimulium cruzi n., gen. and n. sp. is described based on a single female and its pupal skin.

Estudos dos agrupamentos vegetativos relacionados com as áreas onde foram efetuadas as pesquisas sôbre a febre amarela silvestre no Município de Passos, Estado de Minas Gerais

The work reported here was carried-out on the invitation of Dr. Henry Kumm, Director of the Rockefeller Foundation, and by appointment from Dr. Henrique Aragão, Director of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. It was done during the investigation of sylvan yellow fever, in June 1947, with a view to establishing the phyto-ecological conditions of the county of Passos. The pe¬riod was, however, too short for definite conclusions to be reached. Thanks are due to Dr. O. R. Causey, Chief of Research on Yellow Fever for transpor¬tation and other help. THE REGIONAL VEGETATION. Aerial photographs of the county of Passos shoto that it is covered by three great types of vegetation: Rain Forest, Secondary Pasture Land and Scrub.1 Detailed investigation, however, brings out the fact that these correspond to different seres; furthermore, each type presents not only the specific, characteristics of the biological form dominant for the climate, but also are at various stages, which express HABITATS differing from those of the normal sere. The phytogeographic survey of the region shows that most of it is now covered by secondary pasture land (disclimax) in which Melinis minutiflora, v. "fat grass" (fig. 1), predominates. The mosaic of Rain Forest and of small patches of Scrub reveals the effects of human intervention (BARRETO, H. L. de Mello 1); consequently, all the formations have to be regarded as secon¬dary, though some of them probably include relicts of the primitive climax (WARMING, E. 2). On close examination, the Scrub cannot be considered as the climax, because of the following facts: 1. In the zone of Rain-Forest stretches of forest are present in very varied topographic conditions and the reconstitution of the associations show that man has destroyed an ecological unit (fig. 2). 2. In the zone of Scrub the characteristic patches are small. The banks of rivers and brooks, the valleys and ravine and whatever the soil has retained some humidity, is being invaded fry Rain Forest, which seems to be growing under optimum conditions. The Scrub is thus limited to small belts on the calcareous mountains and on sandy soils with alcaline depths (pH abo¬ve 7) which do not retain enough moisture for the Rain Forest that is progres¬sively restricting the area occupied by Scrub. In view of the topographic and present climatic conditions the Rain Forest must consequently be regarded as the regional climax. The presence of ecologically contradictory elements and associations shows that the real problem is that of the fluctuations of the climate of Passos or even of Minas Geraes during the quaternary and recent periods (DAN-SEREAU, P. : 3), a subject on which little is known and which is tied to the evolution of the climate of Brazil (OLIVEIRA, E. : 4) . The transformation of Scrub into Rain Forest has been - observed by the author before, in other parts of Brazil (VELOSO, PL P.: 5) . It seems probable that the Rio Grande has also greatly influenced the change of the regional vegetation, by invading areas of Scrub and dislocating the limit of the Pluvial climate towards the Canastra Range, though there are remnants of Scrub (postclimax) transfor¬med into secondary open country (disclimax, fig. 5) by human devastation and the setting of fire to the land. VEGETATION GROUPS OF THE PLUVIAL TYPE. The map of the region also shows that at the present time the small patches of forest (whether devasted or intact) occupy the least accessible places, such as valleys, peaks and abrupt slopes (fig. 2). Even these are now being destroyed, so that in the near future this forested region will be en¬tirely reduced to poor pasture land unless energetic measures of conservation are undertaken in time. The Special Service for Prophylaxis against Yellow Fever installed two of their four Stations for the Capture of Mosquitos in this area, one of them at Batatal and the other at Cachoeira, which have separate formations each of them composed of several associations. Other vegetation formations were also analysed, from the synecological point of view, so as to ascertain of which degree of succession their associations belong. These phytosociological sur¬veys give an idea of the principal characteristics of each station. BATATAL FORMATION. The abrupt nature of the valley has rendered this location inappropriate for agricultural purposes since colonial times. The relict of the primitive forest climax saved by this circumstance has expanded gradually to zones whose paedologic conditions favour the eatablishment of mesophilous species. The aerial photograph shows two small stretches of forest, one apparently primi¬tive, the other composed of associations belonging to the subclimax of the subsere. CACHOEIRA FORMATION. Aerial photographs show that this station is crossed by a small river, which divides it into two separate parts. The first, which presents ecological conditions similar, though not identical to those of Batatal, is favoured by topography and apparently remains primitive forest. Though the topography of the other, on the whole, favours the establishment of groups belonging to the normal sere of the climax, is has been partly devastated recently and the aspect of the associations has been completely modified. It was is this part that the four posts for the capturing of mosquitos were set up. The first forest is favoured by deposition of organic matter, washed out from the nearby devasted areas by torrential rains, and thus provides, an appropriate HABITAT for the climax species with certain hygrophilous trends of the ecological quasiclimax type. This association seems to have reached a biological equilibrium, as the dominates. Gallesia gorarema and Cariniana legalis (fig. 10), present an optimum vitality with a vigorous habit and a normal evolutionary cycle. The Cariniantum legalis Gallesiosum equilibrium, corresponds however, to a provisory association, because if the moving of soil by torrential rains should cease it would become possible…

Novos cultivos cromogênicos de bacilos ácido-alcool resistentes isolados de mosquitos (Culicini), capturados sobre leprosos: II nota

1. O autor obteve três novas culturas de bacilos ácido-alcool resisten¬tes, isolados de mosquitos (Culicini) capturados sôbre leprosos, em condições naturais, no campo livre a um quilômetro aproximadamente de distância da Colônia Santa Fe. 2. As semeaduras praticadas com mosquistos normais,, capturados sôbre um cavalo, até hoje foram negativas, para bacilos ácido-alcool resistentes. 3. Os exames microscópicos de esfregaços de diferentes tribus de mosquitos silvestres, capturados em condições naturais, sôbre enfermos lepro-matosos, nas margens do rio "Peixe", deram um total de 22% de positivos, com 111 bacilos contaveis e algumas massas de bacilos ácido-alcool resistentes na laminas observadas. (V. quadro I). 4. Os mosquitos urbanos Cutex fatigans, capturados dentro da Colônia nos Pavilhões e vivendas isoladas com lepromatosos, deram um total de 20% de positivos, com 55 bacilos contaveis e alguns grupos de bacilos e globias de bacilos ácido-alcool resistentes. (V. quadro II). 5. Em 50 laminas com esfregaços de mosquitos Culicini normais, cap¬turados sôbre cavalo, encontramos uma só lamina 4 bacilos duvidosos. No resto, as laminas foram negativas para bacilos ácido-alcool resistentes. Estes estudos estão sendo continuados no Laboratório de Leprologia do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Assim também temos empreendido novas experiências trabalhando com mosquitos capturados sôbre leprosos nas proximidades do Hospital-Colônia Curupaity e com mosquitos capturados nos Pavilhões do Leprosário, contando com a colaboração do Prof. Oliveira Castro, na classificação do material, determinando rigorosamente as espécies dos mosquitos.