307 resultados para Cardoso, Fernando Henrique - 1931 -
Resumo:
O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar padrões de interceptação da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (RFA) em vinhedos de 'Moscato Giallo', com e sem cobertura plástica sobre o dossel vegetativo. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Flores da Cunha, na "Serra Gaúcha" (29°06'S, 51°20'W, 541 m), na safra de 2005/2006. Consistiu de fileiras de plantas descobertas e cobertas com filme de polietileno de baixa densidade transparente com 160µm de espessura. Foram feitas medições contínuas de RFA em diferentes alturas do dossel, nos dois sistemas. O índice de área foliar (IAF) foi determinado por método não destrutivo, tendo-se ajustado modelos relacionando IAF com graus-dia acumulados. Também foram ajustados modelos relacionando a eficiência de interceptação de RFA com IAF, nos vinhedos cobertos e descobertos. A cobertura plástica promoveu aumento de 12% na eficiência de interceptação da radiação pelo vinhedo. O vinhedo coberto apresentou menor coeficiente de extinção de RFA que em céu aberto.
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In vitro organogenesis of Citrus was studied for the genotypes Citrus sinensis cv. 'Natal', C. limonia, C. volkameriana, and C. aurantium, with the use of epicotyl segments-derived explants, cultured in MT salts and vitamins medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP - 0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 or 2.0 mg L-1). For the recalcitrant genotypes C. limonia and C. aurantium the in vitro organogenesis was also studied with internodal segments-derived explants, cultured in MT salts and vitamins medium supplemented with 0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0, or 4.0 mg L-1 of BAP. The efficiency of culture medium supplementation with the combination of BAP (0.0; 1.0, or 2.0 mg L-1) and NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic acid - 0.0; 0.3, or 0.5 mg L-1) in the development of adventitious shoots was evaluated for C. aurantium. Culture medium supplementation with BAP is not essential for the adventitious shoots development in the four genotypes studied when epicotyl segments-derived explants are used. In general, culture media supplementation with BAP decreased the percentage of responsive explants excepted for C. sinensis cv. 'Natal' and C. limonia when the concentrations of 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L were used. The presence of cytokinin, in concentrations up to 2 mg/L, stimulated the in vitro organogenesis when internodal segments-derived explants were used for C. limonia and C. aurantium. For C. aurantium no adventitious shoots developed in explants (internodal segments) cultured in basal culture medium, without BAP supplementation. Although no statistic differences could be detected, culture media supplementation with the combination of BAP and NAA favored the development of adventitious shoots in C. aurantium. The best concentration of NAA varied according to BAP concentration. The results presented herein, show that Citrus in vitro organogenesis depends on the interaction of culture medium composition, explant differentiation level, and genotype.
Resumo:
O manejo das entrelinhas dos pomares de citros tem sofrido grandes alterações nos últimos anos. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar influência da adubação verde de inverno e o uso de roçadoras laterais, na produção da laranjeira-'Pera'[Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. O ensaio foi conduzido em duas safras (2007/2008 e 2008/2009), em esquema de parcela subdividida, onde, nas parcelas, semearam-se três espécies de inverno (aveia-preta, tremoço e nabo forrageiro) e nas subparcelas utilizaram-se dois tipos de roçadoras laterais (convencional e "ecológica"). Vegetação espontânea e herbicida (glyphosate) em área total foram tratamentos de referência. No mês de julho (2007 e 2008), quantificaram-se a massa verde e a seca das vegetações intercalares e da projeção da copa, após roçagem. Para o cálculo da produção da laranjeira-'Pera', colheram-se os frutos das diferentes parcelas, efetuando-se as pesagens e, posteriormente, obtendo-se a eficiência de produção. Os tratamentos com adubo verde proporcionaram maior produção de massa verde e seca, e a utilização da roçadora "ecológica" lançou quantidade de material vegetal significativamente superior sob a copa das plantas de laranjeira-'Pera'. Nas duas safras, maior produção e eficiência de produção de frutos foi observada nas parcelas com uso da roçadora "ecológica". Quanto aos adubos verdes de inverno, apenas o tremoço incrementou a eficiência de produção em 2009. Conclui-se que o uso de roçadora "ecológica" incrementa a produção de laranjeira-'Pera'.
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Desde 1997, o Centro APTA Citros Sylvio Moreira/IAC conduz um amplo programa de melhoramento genético de citros via cruzamentos dirigidos. Destes cruzamentos, alguns híbridos de tangerina com laranja vêm sendo selecionados para qualidade de fruta e potenciais novas variedades. Com isso, frutos de um híbrido entre tangor Murcott (TM) e laranja Pera (LP), denominado TMxLP 290, foram submetidos a análises físico-químicas e teste sensorial de aceitabilidade, a fim de avaliar a aceitação de tal variedade pelo mercado consumidor. Foram analisados os parâmetros físico-químicos: sólidos solúveis, acidez total titulável, ratio, rendimento de suco, índice de cor, número de sementes e massa do fruto. Aliado a essas análises, realizou-se o teste sensorial de aceitação com 50 provadores não treinados, que avaliaram a aceitabilidade do fruto e do suco do híbrido TMxLP 290, com o auxílio de uma escala hedônica de nove pontos. As amostras de suco e de fruto foram servidas em copos e pratos descartáveis, respectivamente, à temperatura ambiente e na presença de água potável para lavar o palato entre a degustação de uma amostra e outra. Tais avaliações permitiram constatar que as amostras processadas (suco) e in natura (fruto) apresentaram 84% e 81% de aprovação, respectivamente, evidenciando boa aceitação pelos provadores. Contudo, a intenção de compra por parte do consumidor foi excelente, sendo que 70% dos provadores comprariam o suco e 88% comprariam o fruto. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o híbrido TMxLP 290 é um produto com potencial para atender às expectativas do mercado consumidor.
Resumo:
RESUMO O trabalho teve como objetivo testar a eficácia de tratamentos químicos na manutenção da qualidade de peras ‘Williams’ minimamente processadas. Inicialmente, realizaram-se a lavagem, a sanitização e a retirada das sementes dos frutos. Em seguida, foram realizados cortes no formato de palitos, e os mesmos foram imersos nas soluções, compondo os tratamentos: ácido ascórbico a 2 % (controle); ácido ascórbico a 2% + cloreto de cálcio a 2%; ácido ascórbico a 2% + ácido cítrico a 2%; ácido cítrico a 1%; cloridrato de L-cisteína a 1%. Os frutos foram acondicionados em bandejas de polipropileno, armazenados em câmara fria a 5ºC por 12 dias e avaliados a cada três dias. O tratamento com cloridrato de L-cisteína a 1% foi o mais eficaz na inibição do escurecimento em peras minimamente processadas; no entanto, frutos tratados com ácido ascórbico + cloreto de cálcio apresentaram maior firmeza durante todo o período avaliado, além de quantidades significativamente maiores de vitamina C quando comparado a formulações que não continham ácido ascórbico na composição.
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OBJETIVO: Avaliar, radiograficamente, a prevalência de alterações morfológicas do processo estilóide em pacientes com desordens temporomandibulares. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas 1.500 radiografias panorâmicas da articulação temporomandibular de pacientes de ambos os sexos e sem limitação de idade, que foram atendidos pelo Serviço de Desordem Temporomandibular da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, no período de 1997 a 2003. RESULTADOS: Oitenta e três (5,53%) dos pacientes da amostra apresentaram pelo menos um dos lados da articulação com alteração morfológica do processo estilóide, sendo 74 do sexo feminino e 9 do sexo masculino, concentrados na faixa dos 41 a 50 anos de idade (32,5%). Com relação ao tipo morfológico do processo estilóide, verificaram-se 113 alongados, 21 pseudo-articulados e 19 segmentados. Constatou-se, também, que as alterações morfológicas do processo estilóide desenvolvem-se de forma simétrica. CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com desordem temporomandibular as alterações do processo estilóide ocorrem de forma diferenciada e de maneira simétrica em cada paciente, independentemente do sexo e da idade.
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In imaging diagnosis, redundant nerve roots of the cauda equina are characterized by the presence of elongated, enlarged and tortuous nerve roots in close relationship with a high-grade lumbar spinal canal stenosis. This is not an independent entity, but it is believed to be a consequence of the chronic compression at the level of the lumbar canal stenosis and thus may be part of the natural history of lumbar spinal stenosis. The present paper is aimed at reviewing the histopathological, electrophysiological and imaging findings, particularly at magnetic resonance imaging, as well as the clinical meaning of this entity. As the current assessment of canal stenosis and root compression is preferably performed by means of magnetic resonance imaging, this is the imaging method by which the condition is identified. The recognition of redundant nerve roots at magnetic resonance imaging is important, particularly to avoid misdiagnosing other conditions such as intradural arteriovenous malformations. The literature approaching the clinical relevance of the presence of redundant nerve roots is controversial. There are articles suggesting that the pathological changes of the nerve roots are irreversible at the moment of diagnosis and therefore neurological symptoms are less likely to improve with surgical decompression, but such concept is not a consensus.
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Objective The present study evaluated the reliability of digital panoramic radiography in the diagnosis of carotid artery calcifications. Materials and Methods Thirty-five patients under high-risk for development of carotid artery calcifications who had digital panoramic radiography were referred to undergo ultrasonography. Thus, 70 arteries were assessed by both methods. The main parameters utilized to evaluate the panoramic radiography reliability in the diagnosis of carotid artery calcifications were accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of this method as compared with ultrasonography. Additionally, the McNemar's test was utilized to verify whether there was a statistically significant difference between digital panoramic radiography and ultrasonography. Results Ultrasonography demonstrated carotid artery calcifications in 17 (48.57%) patients. Such individuals presented with a total of 29 (41.43%) carotid arteries affected by calcification. Radiography was accurate in 71.43% (n = 50) of cases evaluated. The degree of sensitivity of this method was 37.93%, specificity of 95.12% and positive predictive value of 84.61%. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed between the methods evaluated in their capacity to diagnose carotid artery calcifications. Conclusion Digital panoramic radiography should not be indicated as a method of choice in the investigation of carotid artery calcifications.
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Abstract Objective: To analyze the prevalence of anatomical variations of celiac arterial trunk (CAT) branches and hepatic arterial system (HAS), as well as the CAT diameter, length and distance to the superior mesenteric artery. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional and predominantly descriptive study based on the analysis of multidetector computed tomography images of 60 patients. Results: The celiac trunk anatomy was normal in 90% of cases. Hepatosplenic trunk was found in 8.3% of patients, and hepatogastric trunk in 1.7%. Variation of the HAS was observed in 21.7% of cases, including anomalous location of the right hepatic artery in 8.3% of cases, and of the left hepatic artery, in 5%. Also, cases of joint relocation of right and left hepatic arteries, and trifurcation of the proper hepatic artery were observed, respectively, in 3 (5%) and 2 (3.3%) patients. Mean length and caliber of the CAT were 2.3 cm and 0.8 cm, respectively. Mean distance between CAT and superior mesenteric artery was 1.2 cm (standard deviation = 4.08). A significant correlation was observed between CAT diameter and length, and CAT diameter and distance to superior mesenteric artery. Conclusion: The pattern of CAT variations and diameter corroborate the majority of the literature data. However, this does not happen in relation to the HAS.
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Abstract Although digital angiography remains as the gold standard for imaging the celiac arterial trunk and hepatic arteries, multidetector computed tomography in association with digital images processing by software resources represents a useful tool particularly attractive for its non invasiveness. Knowledge of normal anatomy as well as of its variations is helpful in images interpretation and to address surgical planning on a case-by-case basis. The present essay illustrates several types of anatomical variations of celiac trunk, hepatic artery and its main branches, by means of digitally reconstructed computed tomography images, correlating their prevalence in the population with surgical implications.
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Glucocorticosteroids (CT) show a powerful anti-inflammatory effect. In view of this, they are extensively used in sports medicine, but their misuse (systemic administration) can lead to severe injuries on athletes and has been restricted by the IOC in recent years. For GC-MS analysis, a derivatization step is necessary in order to convert them to a stable form, thus preventing thermal breakdown with the loss of the ketone side chain. Derivatization of CT is reviewed and a new approach of silylation is presented for screening of CT in urine.
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Total Hg content in soils of Baixada Santista, affected by different sources of pollution, and Cardoso Island, which is almost free of anthropogenic activities, were determined by CVAAS. To explain the fate of Hg in the ecosystem, pH, Eh, AVS, Stotal and Total Organic Carbon were also obtained throughout the soil profiles. With the exception of two sampling sites the average content of Hg in samples obtained for Baixada Santista was 0.34 ± 0.20 mg kg-1, which was close to the average data at Cardoso Island (0.30 ± 0.21 mg kg-1). Both of them were below the limit established by CETESB - 0.50 mg kg-1.
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Minas Gerais is the highest producer of handmade spirits. Research has been carried out aiming to contribute to progress. Thus, the goal of this work is to evaluate the quality of spirits in three different regions of Minas Gerais state. We analyzed ethyl carbamate, alcoholic grade, volatile acidity, higher alcohols, aldehyde, esters, methanol, furfural and copper. The values obtained for ethyl carbamate varied from undetectable to 643.5 µg L-1, with only one region not following the legislation (150 µg L-1). Most of the compounds in the spirits were present within the limits estabilished by the legislation.
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Cladonia verticillaris used in this study was collected in the cerrado vegetation of Saloá (PE, Brazil) and transplanted in plastic containers on soil from the collection place to Belo Jardim (PE) that possesses lead smelters and battery industries. The experiments were disposed at eleven different places for evaluating the dispersion of pollutants and their effects on the biomonitor. The exposed lichens were collected over eight months and submitted to thin layer and high performance liquid chromatographies, and scanning electron microscopy. C. verticillaris placed in the vicinity of the emission sources demonstrated alteration in its metabolism, decreasing the production of its major compound, fumarprotocetraric acid, and deterioration of its external and internal surfaces.