Isolation and characterization of bacterial strains with a hydrolytic profile with potential use in bioconversion of agroindustial by-products and waste

There is a trend towards the use of novel technologies nowadays, mainly focused on biological processes, for recycling and the efficient utilization of organic residues that can be metabolized by different microorganisms as a source of energy. In the present study the isolation of bacterial strains from six different agro-industrial by-products and waste was performed with the objective of evaluating their hydrolytic capacities and suitability for use in bioconversion of specific substrates. The 34 isolated strains were screened in specific culture media for the production of various hydrolytic enzymes (lipase, protease, cellulase, and amylase). It was found that 28 strains exhibited proteolytic activity, 18 had lipolytic activity, 13 had caseinolytic activity, 15 had amylolytic activity, and 11 strains exhibited cellulolytic activity. The strains that showed the highest hydrolytic capacities with biotechnological potential were selected, characterized genotipically, and identified as Bacillus, Serratia, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Stenotrophomonas, Lactococcus, and Escherichia genera. It was concluded that the strain isolates have a high potential for use in the bioconversion of agro-industrial waste, both as a pure culture and as a microbial consortium.

Heat-treatment reduces anti-nutritional phytochemicals and maintains protein quality in genetically improved hulled soybean flour

The soybean is a protein source of high biological value. However, the presence of anti-nutritional factors affects its protein quality and limits the bioavailability of other nutrients. The effect of heat-treatment, 150 ºC for 30 minutes, on hulled and hull-less soybean flour from the cultivar UFVTN 105AP on urease, trypsin inhibitor activity, protein solubility, amino acid profile, and in vivo protein quality was investigated. The treatment reduced the trypsin inhibitor activity and urease, but it did not affect protein solubility. Protein Efficiency Coefficient (PER) values of the flours were similar, and the PER of the hull-less soybean flour did not differ from casein. The Net Protein Ratio (NPR) did not differ between the experimental groups. The True Digestibility (TD) of the flours did not differ, but both were lower in casein and the Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCCAS) was lower than the TD, due to limited valine determined by the chemical score. Therefore, the flours showed reduced anti-nutritional phytochemicals and similar protein quality, and therefore the whole flours can be used as a source of high quality protein.

Purple urine bag syndrome in end-stage chronic kidney disease

Introduction: When faced with violet, purple or purplish-blue urine, clinicians should consider urinary tract infection in their differential diagnosis. Case report: A 60-year-old woman with end-stage kidney disease and non-adherence to renal replacement therapy was admitted to our hospital for placement of hemodialysis catheter. During her hospitalization she had purple urine, and purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) was diagnosed. She was effectively treated with antibiotics and her urine returned to a dark yellow color. Discussion: Although this condition is often easily treated, diagnosing PUBS in chronic renal patients probably means an increased serum concentration of indoxyl sulfate, metabolite that is involved in the progression of both CKD and cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Hence, in the context of our renal patients, perhaps PUBS is not as benign as supposed.

Formas de ureia e doses de nitrogênio em cobertura na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de trigo

A adubação nitrogenada, além de aumentar a produtividade, pode favorecer a qualidade fisiológica de sementes. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de doses de adubação nitrogenada em cobertura e de diferentes formas de ureia na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de genótipos de trigo. Foram avaliadas sementes de três genótipos (BRS 208, BRS Pardela e IWT 04008) cultivados sob quatro doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 40, 80 e 120 kg.ha-1), provenientes de três formas de ureia (ureia convencional, ureia com inibidor de urease e ureia protegida). A adubação nitrogenada de cobertura foi realizada durante o estádio de perfilhamento, aos 20 dias após a emergência. Avaliaram-se: o teor de nitrogênio nas sementes, massa de 1000 sementes, germinação e vigor (primeira contagem de germinação, teste de frio, emergência de plântulas no campo, massa seca de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado e condutividade elétrica). A linhagem IWT 04008 e a cultivar BRS Pardela apresentam sementes com qualidade fisiológica superior à cultivar BRS 208. As formas de ureia e as doses de nitrogênio em cobertura não alteram a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de diferentes genótipos de trigo.