258 resultados para interação patógeno-hospedeiro
Resumo:
The synthesis of two new D-galactose-based dimers having a 1,4-butanediamine spacer is reported aiming at the evaluation of their interaction with the Erythrina cristagalli lectin. The title compounds were prepared in four and five steps from 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranoside bromide, in 20 % and 15 % overall yield, respectively, using the Doebner modification of the Koenavenagel reaction as the key sep. The lectin-carbohydrate interaction could be evaluated for only one dimer, due to solubility problems. A twofold enhancement of affinity was observed, compared to the corresponding monovalent ligand.
Resumo:
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems contribute to plasmid stability by a mechanism called post-segregational killing. The ccd was the first TA system to be discovered with CcdB being the toxin and CcdA the antitoxin. CcdA, an 8.3 kDa protein, interacts with CcdB (11.7 kDa), preventing the cytotoxic activity of CcdB on the DNA gyrase. As an approach to understanding this interaction, CcdA41, a polypeptide derived from CcdA, was synthesized by solid-phase methodology and its interaction with CcdB was analyzed by steady state fluorescence. CcdA41 formed a stable complex with CcdBET2, a peptide based on CcdB, the more recently described bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor.
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Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations on the interactions of small atoms (H, C, O, and S) on first-row transition metal clusters were performed. The results show that the adsorption site may vary between the metal surface and the edge of the cluster. The adsorption energies, adatom-nearest neighbor and adatom-metal plane distances were also determined. Finally, the authors present a discussion about the performance of these metals as anodes on solid oxide fuel cells. The results obtained agree with empirical data, indicating that the theoretical model used is adequate
Resumo:
History shows that public health actions to combat epidemics are most effective when there is constant synergy of both government and society, exemplified by prevention actions in the fight against dengue fever, H1N1 influenza etc. Private-public-partnerships (PPP) can also provide more dynamic and consistent results in production through interaction among Government, University and Enterprise actors. This article puts forward proposals to tackle the problem of neglected tropical diseases via the formation of a Management Council using Etzkowitz's Triple Helix concept to attenuate this public health issue in Brazil.
Resumo:
Biscationic amidines bind in the DNA minor groove and present biological activity against a range of infectious diseases. Two new biscationic compounds (bis-α,ω-S-thioureido, amino and sulfide analogues) were synthesized in good yields and fully characterized, and their interaction with DNA was also investigated. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was used to measure the thermodynamic properties of binding interactions between DNA and these ligands. A double stranded calf thymus DNA immobilized on an electrode surface was used to study the possible DNA-interacting abilities of these compounds towards dsDNA in situ. A remarkable interaction of these compounds with DNA was demonstrated and their potential application as anticancer agents was furthered.
Resumo:
It is through the application of an electronic partition approach called Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT) that the nature of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions can be unveiled according to the contribution of electrostatic, charge transfer, exchange repulsion, polarization, and dispersion terms. Among these, electrostatic partition governs the formation of the hydrogen bonds, whose energies are arguably high. However, the weakness of the interaction strength is caused by dispersion forces, whose contribution decisively lead to the stabilization of complexes formed via van der Waals interactions.
Resumo:
The binding of [Ru(PAN)(PPh3)2(ISN)]Cl (PAN = 1-(2'-Pyridylazo)-2-naphtholate) to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by spectroscopic techniques. According to analysis of the results from the Stern-Volmer equation, the ruthenium complex is able to quench the fluorescence intensity of BSA via a dynamic mechanism. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated (ΔH = 30.3 kJ mol-1; ΔS = 195.4 J mol-1 K-1), indicating that hydrophobic force is the main interaction driving force. The site marker competitive experiments revealed that the binding site of ruthenium complex was in the sub-domain IIA of BSA. FTO glass with a film of BSA-[Ru(PAN)(PPh3)2(ISN)]Cl was used as an ascorbic acid sensor. The linear range of the modified electrode was between 1 and 8 × 10-6 mol L-1.
Resumo:
We briefly investigated the well-known correlation of trihalomethanes, present in fresh water, with cancer hazard in humans. A transient alternative method of chemical simulation using Bäcklund Transformations and Quantum Mechanics is presented. Finally, the method was applied to simulate the interaction between Trichloridemethane and Alanine - as well as its amino and carboxyl groups.
Resumo:
In a previous study, substances with nematicidal properties were detected in the bark of Cryptocarya aschersoniana. Continuing such study, the methanol extract from this plant underwent fractionation guided by in vitro assays with the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne exigua. Two active compounds were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods as (E)-6-styrylpyran-2-one and (R)-goniothalamin. The latter compound was also active againstMeloidogyne incognita. In silico studies carried out with (R)-goniothalamin and the enzyme fumarate hydratase, which was extracted from the genome of Meloidogyne hapla and modeled using computational methods, suggested that this substance acts against nematodes by binding to a cavity close to the active site of the enzyme.
Resumo:
Bioaccumulation of Ag, Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn was determined in the gills and liver of Cyprinus carpio and related to concentrations in the sediment and water of the Alagados Reservoir, Ponta Grossa/Paraná. Cd and Fe exceeded the legal limit for water. Fe was the most abundant metal in the reservoir's water and sediment. The metals in the sediment were below the level of probable adverse effects on biota. There were no significant differences between sampling sites for water and sediment. Liver and gills had higher concentrations of Al, Fe and Zn, with a significant increase in Al (P > 0.05) compared to the increase in weight and size of the specimens. Statistically, gills showed higher concentrations of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn and Zn and liver higher concentrations of Cu and Fe. Co, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn showed significant differences (P < 0.01) between the organs. The bioaccumulation factors (BAF) showed that the interaction of water with gills promotes greater accumulation of metals in this organ. Despite the low concentrations in the reservoir, bioaccumulation of metals in gills and liver of C. carpio occurs by its interaction with contaminated water and sediment, respectively.
Resumo:
A produtividade do tomateiro pode ser severamente reduzida pelo parasitismo dos nematóides das galhas, amplamente distribuídos nas áreas de produção hortícola. Em condições de casa de vegetação, avaliou-se o efeito da interação entre duas espécies de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (MA), Glomus etunicatum e Gigaspora margarita e o nematóide das galhas, Meloidogyne javanica, sobre o crescimento e nutrição do tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum) cv. Floradade. A infecção por M. javanica reduziu a massa de matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas inoculadas. A redução foi menos acentuada em plantas colonizadas com G. etunicatum (12%), comparadas às plantas colonizadas com G. margarita (32%) e testemunha (24%). Plantas colonizadas com G. etunicatum apresentaram maior massa de matéria seca e número de frutos comparadas aos demais tratamentos. A produção de frutos foi menos afetada pelo nematóide nas plantas inoculadas com G. etunicatum. A concentração e o conteúdo de P na parte aérea não foram alterados pelo nematóide nas plantas colonizadas por G. etunicatum, mas foram reduzidos nas plantas colonizadas com G. margarita e testemunhas. O número de ovos e juvenis de segundo estádio de M. javanica foi maior nas plantas colonizadas por fungos MA, comparadas às não micorrizadas. A maior tolerância observada nas plantas colonizadas com G. etunicatum ao nematóide das galhas, possivelmente está associada à maior estabilidade na absorção de P.
Resumo:
Em experimento realizado em casa de vegetação com quatro linhagens e dois híbridos de milho (Zea mays), verificou-se variabilidade para resistência a queima foliar causada por Colletotrichum graminicola avaliada por meio das variáveis área total de lesão por planta (ATL), área média de lesão (AML), comprimento total de lesão por planta (CTL), comprimento médio de lesão (CML) e número de lesões por planta (NL). Quando dois isolados de C. graminicola foram inoculados nessas linhagens e em híbridos de milho não foi verificada interação diferencial entre isolados e genótipos do hospedeiro. Em estudos de herança da resistência, as linhagens genitoras L186 e L64 comportaram-se como suscetível e resistente, respectivamente, ao passo que o híbrido L186 x L64 apresentou resistência. A análise das freqüências observadas de plantas resistentes e suscetíveis na população F2 resultantes da autofecundação do híbrido, indicou ocorrência de herança monogênica com dominância completa para o alelo que confere resistência à doença.
Resumo:
Foi instalado um experimento em Viçosa, MG, em 11 de abril, em área infestada por escleródios de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, com o objetivo de testar a eficiência de quatro fungicidas aplicados via água de irrigação por aspersão no controle do mofo-branco do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris). Os seguintes fungicidas e doses do ingrediente ativo por hectare foram testados: benomyl (1 kg), iprodione (0,75 kg), procimidone (0,5 kg) e fluazinam (0,5 l). As aplicações foram simuladas com regadores (35.000 l/ha). A primeira aplicação foi feita aos 39 dias após a emergência (DAE); a segunda, 13 dias depois. Nesses mesmos dias, o fluazinam também foi aplicado com pulverizador (667 l/ha) ou com regador (35.000 l/ha) entre as fileiras de feijão e rente ao solo. Este último tratamento teve por objetivo verificar se o fluazinam aplicado apenas no solo tem efeito no controle da doença. Ademais, foi utilizada uma testemunha que não recebeu fungicida. Após a colheita, avaliou-se a incidência do fungo nas sementes. Os fungicidas fluazinam (aplicado com pulverizador ou via água de irrigação sobre as plantas), benomyl e procimidone foram os mais eficientes no controle do mofo-branco e, dentre eles, apenas o procimidone não proporcionou rendimento maior que o da testemunha. O fluazinam aplicado apenas no solo reduziu a incidência da doença e a quantidade de escleródios produzidos. Os rendimentos variaram de 1.406 (testemunha) a 2.054 kg/ha (fluazinam, pulverização). Não houve influência dos tratamentos na incidência do fungo nas sementes, a qual variou de 0,25% (procimidone) a 1,08% (fluazinam aplicado no solo).