Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) da Colômbia. V. Lamiinae com unhas tarsais divergentes

New species described from Colombia: Amphicnaeia interrupta sp. nov., from Cauca; Adetus tayronus sp. nov., from Magdalena; A. aberrans sp. nov., from Santander; Parmenonta albosticta sp. nov., from Cundinamarca; Jamesia bella sp. nov., from Cauca. New records for nine species of Colombian Lamiinae (Apomecynini, Agapanthiini, Onciderini) are given.

Metanotal gland of the genus Eidmanacris (Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae): taxonomic importance

The present study compares the metanotal gland through scanning electron microscopy in five species of Eidmanacris: E. corumbatai Garcia, 1998, E. alboannulata (Piza, 1960), E. dissimilis Desutter-Grandcolas, 1995, E. larvaeformis (Chopard, 1938) and Eidmanacris sp. The general external configuration of the gland was determined by the presence of two median projections with apical opening and a cluster of bristles just above these projections. Although there is a general pattern for this gland, each species has its own pattern, which can be defined mainly by the arrangement of the bristles and the position of the median projections. Our results suggest the taxonomical importance of these structures, which should be better analyzed when describing species of the genus Eidmanacris. In addition, while observing the reproductive behavior of these species, we concluded that the release of this gland secretion is important for the success of mating.

Morphometric variability in populations of Palaemonetes spp. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) from the Peruvian and Brazilian Amazon Basin

Morphometric variability among shrimp populations of the genus Palaemonetes Heller, 1869 from seven lakes (Huanayo and Urcococha, in Peru; Amanã, Mamirauá, Camaleão, Cristalino e Iruçanga, in Brasil) in the Amazon Basin, presumably belonging to Palaemonetes carteri Gordon, 1935 and Palaemonetes ivonicus Holthuis, 1950, were studied. The morphometric studies were carried out from the ratios obtained from the morphometric characters. Multivariated analysis (Principal Components Analysis-PCA, Discriminant Function Analysis and Cluster Analysis) were applied over the ratios. Intra- and interpopulation variations of the rostrum teeth, and the number of spines in the male appendix, were analyzed through descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis (Spearman Rank Correlation test). Results indicated a wide plasticity and overlapping in the studied ratios between populations. The Principal Components Analysis was not able to separate different populations, revealing a large intrapopulation plasticity and strong interpopulation similarity in the studied ratios. Although the Discriminant Functions Analysis was not able to fully discriminate populations, they could be allocated in three subgroups: 1) Cristalino and Iruçanga; 2) Huanayo, Urcococha and Camaleão and 3) Mamirauá and Amanã. The first two groups were morphometrically separated from each other, whereas the third one presented a strong overlap with the former two. The Cluster Analysis confirmed the first two subgroups separation, and indicated that the first and third groups were closely related. Rostrum teeth and number of spines in the appendix masculina showed a large intrapopulation variation and a strong overlapping among the studied populations, regardless of the species.

Morfologia externa dos estágios imaturos de heliconíneos neotropicais: V. Agraulis vanillae maculosa (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae)

As estruturas externas do ovo, larva e pupa de Agraulis vanillae maculosa (Stichel, [1908]) são descritas e ilustradas, baseadas em microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura.

Oligochaeta (Annelida, Clitellata) in lotic environments in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Despite the importance of Oligochaeta to the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems and to studies of the biology of pollution, there is currently a dearth of information on this group's ecology in Brazil. The aim of this study was to describe the Oligochaeta fauna in four watercourses - three urban and one rural - in the state of São Paulo: the Pinheirinho stream, the Água Branca stream, the Monjolinho River and the Gouveia stream, respectively. Sediment samples were taken with a Van Veen grab in two areas from each watercourse, during the summer and winter of 2001. In all collection areas, measurements of the pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen and turbidity of the water were made with a Horiba U-10 device. Principal component analysis showed that axes 1 and 2 explained 68.18% of the results' variability, with the first axis predominantly associated with the granulometric data and the second one with the limnological data. Cluster analysis indicated that area II of the Monjolinho River differed from the other collection sites. In the present study, the Oligochaeta group was represented by Tubificidae, Naididae, Alluroididae, Narapidae and Enchytraeidae. Among the three species of Tubificidae, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparede, 1862, was the most abundant and most frequent species. The results provided important information on the ecology and distribution of limnic Oligochaeta.

Species richness and community structure of arboreal spider assemblages in fragments of three vegetational types at Banhado Grande wet plain, Gravataí River, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

The taxonomic composition, observed and estimated species richness, and patterns of community structure of arboreal spider assemblages in eleven sites surrounding the "Banhado Grande" wet plain in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, are presented. These sites represent three different vegetational types: hillside (four sites), riparian (five sites) and flooded forests (two sites). The spiders were captured by beating on foliage and "aerial litter". A sample was defined as the result of beating on twenty bushes, tree branches or "aerial litter" clusters, which roughly corresponds to one-hour search effort per sample. Fifty five samples (five per site) were obtained, resulting in an observed richness of 212 species present as adult or identifiable juveniles. The total richness for all samples was estimated to be between 250 (Bootstrap) to 354 species (Jackknife 2). Confidence intervals of both sample and individual-based rarefaction curves for each vegetation type clearly indicated that flooded forest is the poorest vegetation type with respect to spider species richness, with hillside and riparian forests having a similar number of species. The percentage complementarity between the eleven sites indicated that all sites contain a distinct set of species, irrespective of their vegetation types. Nevertheless, the spider assemblages in riparian and hillside forests are more similar with respect to each other than when compared to flooded forest. Both cluster and nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses showed no strong correspondence between the spider arboreal fauna and the three vegetation types. Moreover, a Mantel test revealed no significant association between species composition and geographic distance among sites.

Estudo da dieta natural da ictiofauna de um reservatório centenário, São Paulo, Brasil

Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar e comparar a alimentação de 13 espécies de peixes em três zonas (zona de influência fluvial, zona de transição e zona lacustre) do reservatório de Itupararanga. Foram analisados 436 estômagos, sendo encontrados 17 recursos alimentares, todos de origem autóctone. As dietas predominantes das espécies foram: peixe, inseto, material vegetal e detritos na zona de influência fluvial, peixe, sedimento e material vegetal na zona de transição e inseto, escama e peixe na zona lacustre. Através do Índice Alimentar, as espécies foram categorizadas nas guildas: piscívora, insetívora, detritívora e carcinófaga. O Cluster indicou separação da guilda insetívora em espécies generalistas (insetos diversos) e especialista (Chironomidae) o que aumenta para cinco guildas. Na zona fluvial foram verificadas quatro guildas; na zona de transição três guildas e na zona lacustre duas guildas. Observou-se ainda uma dominância de espécies piscívoras que pode estar relacionada à idade do reservatório. Este estudo ampliou o conhecimento dos hábitos alimentares dos peixes em reservatórios antigos e suas diferenças, comparando as zonas existentes.

Carcinofauna bêntica estuarina de dois manguezais da costa amazônica maranhense, Brasil

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar a diversidade carcinológica de dois manguezais (igarapés Buenos Aires e Tronco) da Baía de São Marcos, na costa amazônica maranhense, Brasil. Foram realizadas quatro coletas trimestrais entre setembro de 2011 a junho de 2012. Em cada coleta foram analisados três pontos por área (zona 1, zona 2 e zona 3), totalizando 24 amostras. O material biológico foi coletado por meio de arrastos com rede do tipo puçá, catação manual e técnica de braceamento. Paralelamente à coleta do material biológico, foram verificados a salinidade, temperatura e oxigênio dissolvido de cada área analisada. Para avaliar a similaridade de agrupamento entre as zonas dos manguezais foi aplicada a análise de cluster e consecutiva elaboração de dendrogramas. Foi coletado um total de 873 indivíduos, representando nove famílias e 21 espécies, das quais Ocypodidae e Penaeidae foram as mais abundantes. Em relação à distribuição espacial, percebe-se que Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802), Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850), Clibanarius foresti Holthuis, 1959 e Uca maracoani (Latreille, 1802) se restringiram à primeira zona dos dois manguezais, enquanto outras dez espécies foram observadas por todo o manguezal, o que pode estar intimamente relacionado ao seu hábito de vida. De um modo geral, o igarapé Buenos Aires apresentou maior número de espécies em relação ao igarapé Tronco, no entanto, existe grande similaridade faunística de crustáceos decápodes entre as duas áreas amostradas.

Estudos sobre Flebotomus no Vale Amazônico: Parte V - Descrição de F. williamsi, F. deanei, F. carvalhoi, F. lopesi, F. castanheirai, F. fariasi, F. baityi e F. campbelli: (Diptera-Psychodidae)

Oito espécies novas de Flebotomus do Vale Amazônico são descritas e os princiapis caracteres ilustrados dem 8 estampas com quarenta e sete figuras no total. As descrições são baseadas em exemplares machos.

Ensaios terapêuticos com penicilina V-Bouba (Framboesia, pian, yaws): I - Dose curatina mínima: II - Redução do número de injeções diarias: III - Redução de tempo de tratamento pelo emprêgo de doses mais elevadas

This report belongs to the series of works carried out Oswaldo Cruz Ins¬titute, on the treatment of treponematosis with penicillin. The present report deals with investigations performed in order to ascer¬tain the following points: 1) the mininal curative dosis for the initial lesions of yaws; 2) the effect of reduction of the number of injections each day, to verifie the possibility of application of penicillin in the prophylaxis of yaws in rural zones; 3) reduction of the time of treatment by application of high dosis. 1) With dosis of 150 and 100 Oxford units each four hours, clinical reco¬very was obtained after 17 days of treatment. With 50 O.u. during 40 days clinical recovery was not obtained. 2) a) With 3 injections of 400 O.u. each day (6,12 and 18 hoórs clocks) clinical recovery was obtained after 14 to 16 days; b) with 2 injections of 400 O.u. each day (6 and 18 hoors clocks), clinical recovery was obtained after 16 to 23 days; c) with 1 injection of 1.600 and 3.200 each day, clinical recovery was obtained after 30 and 20 days. 3) With dosis of 33.3 and 46.7 O.u. by each kilo of weight each four hours, during 15 days, clinical recovery was obtained more or less in 25 days. The same result was obtained with the dosis of 61.5 and 166.7 O.u. by each kilo of weight, each four hours, during 4 days. But with 100.000 O.u. in fine dosis of 20.000 in a day ou by, clinical recovery was not obtained.