TRAP-silver staining, a highly sensitive assay for measuring telomerase activity in tumor tissue and cell lines

Measurement of telomerase activity in clinically obtained tumor samples may provide important information for use as both a diagnostic marker and a prognostic indicator for patient outcome. In order to evaluate telomerase activity in tumor tissue without radiolabeling the product, we developed a simple telomeric repeat amplification protocol-silver-staining assay that is less time-consuming, is safe and requires minimal equipment. In addition, we determined the sensitivity of the silver-staining method by using extracts of telomerase-positive thyroid carcinoma cell lines which were serially diluted from 5,000 to 10 cells. Telomerase activity was also assayed in 19 thyroid tumors, 2 normal controls and 27 bone marrow aspirates. The results indicate that the technique permits the detection of telomerase activity from 5000 to as few as 10 cells. We propose that it could be immediately applicable in many laboratories due to the minimal amount of equipment required.

Perfil sensorial e aceitação de suco de laranja pasteurizado minimamente processado

Onze provadores selecionados e treinados avaliaram a aparência, aroma e sabor de amostras de suco de laranja natural processado em nove diferentes condições de temperatura de pasteurização - tempo de retenção, e compararam com amostras do suco de laranja natural não processado, utilizando a Análise Descritiva Quantitativa (ADQ). Teste de aceitação pelo consumidor foi conduzido em laboratório, com cinqüenta provadores não treinados, utilizando as escalas: hedônica, intensidade de odor e sabor natural, e intenção de compra. Tanto os provadores, como os consumidores, receberam as amostras em cabines individuais iluminadas com luz vermelha, exceto para os testes de aparência, que foram conduzidos sob a luz branca do dia. As amostras foram apresentadas segundo delineamento experimental de blocos completos casualizados com duas repetições e os resultados foram analisados aplicando a Análise de Variância (ANOVA). A ADQ mostrou que houve diferenças significativas em relação à presença de partículas, aroma e sabor natural de laranja, diminuindo a intensidade com o aumento do tempo de retenção. Entretanto, não houve diferenças significativas entre as amostras do suco não processado e do suco processado, em relação a cor amarela, viscosidade percebida visualmente, odor e sabor fermentado, e sabor de óleo essencial. O teste de consumidor indicou que o suco de laranja natural processado sob a condição mais severa (87,0°C/58,55s) foi melhor aceito, apresentou maior intensidade de aroma e sabor de laranja natural e revelou maior intenção de compra em relação a um suco de laranja pasteurizado de marca comercial.

Influence of distillation time and sample mass on sulfur dioxide analysis in passion fruit juice through Monier-Williams method

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of the distillation time and the sample mass on the total SO2 content in integral passion fruit juice (Passiflora sp). For the SO2 analysis, a modified version of the Monier-Williams method was used. In this experiment, the distillation time and the sample mass were reduced to half of the values proposed in the original method. The analyses were performed in triplicate for each distilling time x sample mass binomial, making a total of 12 tests, which were performed on the same day. The significance of the effects of the different distillation times and sample mass were evaluated by applying one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA). For a 95% confidence limit, it was found that the proposed amendments to the distillation time, sample mass, and the interaction between distilling time x sample mass were not significant (p > 0.05) in determining the SO2 content in passion fruit juice. In view of the results that were obtained it was concluded that for integral passion fruit juice it was possible to reduce the distillation time and the sample mass in determining the SO2 content by the Monier-Williams method without affecting the result.