ANÁLISE DA GRAFIA FONÉTICA NAS SALAS DE 'BATE-PAPO' EM ESPANHOL

Neste artigo, identificamos e caracterizamos a ocorrência de ‘grafia fonética’, isto é, o uso ou a ausência de letras, na sala de ‘bate-papo’, para representar sons e variações da língua que são percebidas na fala, mas que são ‘neutralizadas’ pela escrita ortográfica. Além disso, discutimos a natureza da interação em uma sala de ‘bate-papo’ ( chat) em língua espanhola com relação às modalidades oral e escrita da linguagem e sua caracterização de acordo com o grau de planejamento de seus enunciados. Os recursos empregados no chat não representam uma ‘re-oralização’, ou seja, não são uma tentativa de imprimir um caráter ‘falado’ ao que precisa ser escrito. A grafia fonética possui uma função ‘coloquializadora’, reintroduzindo na interação escrita, por um lado, a variação apagada pela ortografia, e por outro, a força ilocutória associada na fala às marcas prosódicas, tais como os alongamentos. Essas modificações ortográficas podem ser associadas a uma oposição às regras estabelecidas da língua escrita ou a uma vertente lúdica da escrita.

THOUGHTS ON TEACHING PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY IN THE COURSE OF LETTERS: PROBLEMATIC SITUATIONS AS CUES TO PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE

This paper is a root from the research project on Linguistics and Teacher Formation (at UEM). It also investigates the relations between the linguistic knowledge and the formation of teachers, promoting an interface between scientific knowledge and the didactic and pedagogical knowledge. In order to do so, it proposes to triangulate the official documentation on teacher formation (National Curricular Guidelines, Official Decisions and Opinions; National Curricular Parameters of basic and high school education; and the Pedagogical Project of the Letters Course at UEM); the practice of teachers based on each of the themes; and the schoolbooks used: grammar and government donated books.

ANÁLISE ENTONACIONAL DA LEITURA DE JORNALISTAS CHILENOS E ESPANHÓIS - SEMELHANÇAS E DIFERENÇAS NO NÚCLEO

This paper proposes to make an intonational comparison of the tonemes found in the Chilean and Spanish news broadcast reading, making a phonetic description and a phonological analysis.  The analysis is done from intonative phrases, which are limited by the complete sentence limited pauses.  Acoording to our point of view, intonative phrases are divided into three groups: continuative intonative phrases, internal intonative phrases and terminative intonative phrases, according to their position in the complete sentence.  Its objective is to find the convergent and divergent points between the two Spanish language varieties.  Its corpus is constituted of 12 sentences, recorded from the Chilean international channel TVN and  SpanishTVE, in 2001 August.  Twelve sentences are analyzed in total, six for each geographical origin, which were read by TV presenters when they read the news on the news broadcast.  The analysis are based on the Pierrehumbert's Autosegmental-Metric theory (AM) (1980), adapted to Spanish language by Sosa (1999).  As a result, not only the same tonal attribution for all the cases was found, but important differences when it comes to F0 behavior.  When considering the duration, also many differences were not found according to the predominant tendency; nonetheless, important differences related to the percentual value were observed.  As an example, we can consider terminative intonative phrases, where the observed pattern is L*L% both in Chile and Spain, but with soundless cases in the Spanish stressed vowel and post-stressed one, but just one case of a descendent movement in the Chilean stressed one.  Considering the duration, there is an increase  from the stressed from the pre-stressed and from the post-stressed to the stressed, but in different proportions: the increase is more perceived in the Chilean stressed vowel and in the Spanish post-stressed one.