CULTURAL FIELD, INSTRUMENTAL REASON AND CLARIFICATION ON T. ADORNO AND M. HORKHEIMER

  ABSTRACT: T. Adorno and Max Horkheimer set out to analyze not the cause of reason, as did empiricists and rationalists, but understand the deeper objectives of this human faculty. To understand it made ​​a historical retrospective, since the myths contained in the Iliad and Odyssey to the myths created by modernity, in order to reveal the tricks of what they called "Enlightenment". They will say that, while the clarification is an attempt to win over the forces of nature and on human fears, is also a way to encapsulate the man, not this or that belonging to a social class, but humanity in general. The objective of this work is therefore is to relate the concept of enlightenment to the cultural forms of modern man, seeking to explain the extent to which Western societies are prisoners of what they believe to be the great instrument of liberation: Reason. KEYWORDS: Clarification; Cultural Domain; Instrumental Reason.