Epistemological and philosophical refluxes in the constitution of the Pecheuxtian Discourse Analysis

This article aims at verifying influences of epistemological and philosophical basis constitutive of the French Discourse Analysis (DA), more specifically that one based on the studies of Michel Pêcheux.  For him, the social class, the socio-historic and cultural interpellation of the subject are determining of meanings and are linked with the Marxist historical materialism, via Althusser, as well as with the lacanian Psychoanalysis and with the saussurian Linguistics. His writings also influences by Michel Foucault, especially during the so-called “third phase” of the DA. Thus, between the two philosophical lines which cross science for centuries, that is, the formalist-logicist and the rationalist-idealism, the Discourse Analysis has a strong connection with this last one.

CULTURAL FIELD, INSTRUMENTAL REASON AND CLARIFICATION ON T. ADORNO AND M. HORKHEIMER

  ABSTRACT: T. Adorno and Max Horkheimer set out to analyze not the cause of reason, as did empiricists and rationalists, but understand the deeper objectives of this human faculty. To understand it made ​​a historical retrospective, since the myths contained in the Iliad and Odyssey to the myths created by modernity, in order to reveal the tricks of what they called "Enlightenment". They will say that, while the clarification is an attempt to win over the forces of nature and on human fears, is also a way to encapsulate the man, not this or that belonging to a social class, but humanity in general. The objective of this work is therefore is to relate the concept of enlightenment to the cultural forms of modern man, seeking to explain the extent to which Western societies are prisoners of what they believe to be the great instrument of liberation: Reason. KEYWORDS: Clarification; Cultural Domain; Instrumental Reason.

The verbal agreement of 3rd person plural in Pelotas/RS

the article analyzes the variation in verbal agreement of 3rd person plural based on interviews of 90 informants who make up the VarX – Sociolinguistics Database Variable by Social Class of Pelotas/RS –, stratified according to gender, social class, age: 45 are males and 45 females; 30 of the upper middle class, 30 of the low middle class, and 30 of the low social class; 30 are between 16 and 25 years of age, 30 between 26 and 49 and 30 of the age group over 50 years.We used quantitative methodology based on the Windows interface for Varbrul and on data encryption form. The results show that, in Pelotas, there is variation in verbal agreement of 3rd person plural, but with predominance of the use of the mark, since the presence of verbal endings occurs in 4317 contexts (of a total of 5263), consisting of 82%, and in 945 contexts there are no agreement marks, totaling 18%. We also found, based of the social variables, that there is evidence of acquisition of 3rd person plural agreement, since there is a gradual increase in use of verb agreement marks, whose direction goes from the older to the younger informants, given that the younger have higher rates and relative employment of verbal endings of 3rd person plural.   KEYWORDS: Verb agreement. Pelotas. Linguistic Variation.