8 resultados para Problem Solving
em Corvinus Research Archive - The institutional repository for the Corvinus University of Budapest
Resumo:
A tanulmny a lean termels munkaszervezst hrom termelsmenedzsment koncepci segtsgvel vizsglja. Az egyes koncepcik a szervezet eltr metszeteit rintik: (1) a termk-folyamat mtrix (Hayes s Wheelwright, 1979) a termk s a folyamat jellemzit helyezi kzppontba. A lean hatsra a szervezet a mtrixban a nagyobb vlasztk s a folyamat alap mkds (nagyobb fggsg) irnyba mozdul el. Az elmozdulst zemi szinten a magas elktelezettsg munkavgzsi rendszer gyakorlatainak bevezetse ksri, mivel azok tmogatjk a rugalmas mkdst, a gyors kommunikcit s problmamegoldst. Az elmozduls minsge s gy a munkaszervezsi gyakorlatok hasznlata (mlyg, szma, munkavllalk bevonsa) nagyban fgg a termelsi stratgitl s a lean rettsgtl. (2) A termelsi stratgia szakaszai (Wheelwright s Hayes, 1985) a termels zleti stratgiban jtszott szerept elemzik. A lean termels sszeegyeztethet a termelsi stratgia harmadik szakasznak command s control szemlletmdjval. Az ilyen lean termelk kltgfkuszak, a hagyomnyos munkaerkpben gondolkodnak s krkben kevsb jellemz az j emberi erforrs gyakorlatok hasznlata. A lean termels adaptlsa sztnzheti a vllalatokat a termelsi stratgia negyedik szintje fel. A negyedik szint a bevonsra, problmamegoldsra s tanulsra pt, amely megfelel a lean emberek tisztelete pillrnek. (3) A lean rettsgi modell (Hines s trsai, 2004) a lean szervezeten belli elmlylst s terjedst mutatja be. A lean utazs sorn a vllalatok az eszkz alap megkzeltstl a komplex rtkrendszerben gondolkod lean szervezet fel haladnak. A technikai tudsanyag egyre szlesebb krv vlik, ami rvilgt a tudstads (szemlyek kzttire, de akr struktrkba, folyamatokba ptse is) kpessgnek jelentsgre. Az emberi erforrs gyakorlatok folyamatosan jelennek meg. De csak a legfejlettebb szakasz, a lean tanul szervezet megjelense teszi valban szksgess a munkavllali kp jragondolst is. = This paper examines work organization in lean production with the help of three production concepts. These concepts embrace different dimensions of the organization: (1) the product-process matrix (Hayes and Wheelwright, 1979) is about product and process characteristics. Due to the lean the organization shifts within the matrix towards higher variability and flow (higher level of interdependencies). On the shop floor the shift is accompanied by the introduction of high commitment work systems practices, since those support flexible operations, fast communication and problem-solving. The quality of the shift and hence the application of these work practices (number of practices, their embeddeness, employee involvement) highly depends on manufacturing strategy and lean maturity. (2) The concept of stages of manufacturing strategy (Wheelwright and Hayes, 1985) analyzes the role of the manufacturing function in the business strategy. Lean production is compatible with the command and control approach of the third stage of manufacturing strategy. These lean producers are cost-driven, they have the traditional approach of employees and apply new work organization practices to a less extent. However, the implementation of lean production may drive these companies to the fourth stage. The fourth stage of manufacturing strategy is based on employee involvement, problem-solving and learning. This stage is in full accordance with the respect for people pillar of lean production. (3) Lean maturity (Hines et al., 2004) shows the path how lean management deepens and expands within an organization. During the lean journey, companies progress from the tool-based approach to the complex lean value system. The technical knowledge of lean becomes more and more comprehensive and it points out the crucial importance of knowledge conversion capabilities (intrapersonal or even how to build knowledge into structures, processes). Work organization practices constantly appear with the progress, but the review of the traditional approach of employees is only essential at the most advanced stage, when an organization becomes lean learning organization.
Resumo:
Szmos korbbi kutats kztk a szerzk korbbi vizsglatai is azt mutatja, hogy a menedzsmentkpessgek s a vllalatok versenykpessge kztt pozitv kapcsolat ll fenn, a jobban teljest s a proaktvabb vllalatok rendre felkszltebb, jobb vezeti kpessgekkel br, kockzatvllalbb vezetkkel rendelkeznek. Az is megfigyelhet, hogy az ebbl a nzpontbl sikeresebben mkd vllalatok dntseiben az tlagosnl is ersebben rvnyesl a racionlis kzeltsmd, melynek alkalmazsval a menedzserek az optimlis cselekvsi alternatva kivlasztsra trekszenek. A cikkben a szerzk az elmlt 15 v versenykpessgi kutatsainak tapasztalatait sszegzik, kiemelt hangslyt helyezve a legfrissebb felmrs eredmnyeire. ________________ The article summarizes the main findings of the Competitiveness Research Program with respect to the skills and capabilities of the Hungarian managers and the decision making approaches they use during their work. The results of the four surveys conducted in 1996, 1999, 2004 and 2009 are fairly stable over time: practice minded behavior, professional expertise, and problem solving skills are on the top of the list of the most developed skills of the Hungarian executives. The rational approach is the most popular among the most widespread decision making models in the authors sample which is rather alarming since the present turbulent economic environment may demand more adaptive and intuitive approaches.
Resumo:
Herbert Simon, a korltozott racionalits elmletnek megalkotja szerint a dntshozatalunk hatkonysgt az hatrozza meg, hogy korltozott kognitv kapacitsaink birtokban milyen stratgikkal birkzunk meg a komplex krnyezet kihvsaival. Az erre az elmletre pt kutatsok egyik alapvetse, hogy az egyni problmamegoldsi folyamat helyzetspecifikus s ez az idomuls kulcsfontossg az eredmnyessgben s hatkonysgban. A dntshoz rendelkezik egy adaptv szerszmosldval, amelybl a megfelel helyzetekben a megfelel dntsi eljrsokat vlasztja. A tanulmnyban a szerz egy kvalitatv kutats eredmnyeire ptve, a beszlltvlaszts pldjn keresztl mutat be lehetsges vlaszokat a keveset kutatott krdsre: hogyan mkdik az adaptivits folyamata? A tanulmny a dntsi helyzethez val alkalmazkods kialakulst vizsglja a dntsi folyamatok kognitv szintjn. ______ Herbert Simon, the author of theory of bounded rationality claimed that the results of our decision-making is defined by the approprietness of strategies with which we handle the complexity of the environment with our bounded cognitive capacities. One of the main issues or research programs building on this theory is that problem solving is situation-specific, and the adjustment of strategies to actual situational factors is crucial for the effectiveness and efficiency of decision-making. The decision-maker possesses an adaptive toolbox, from which he chooses the right decision tools in the right situations. The author, based on the findnings of a qualitative study, presents possible answers to the not well-elaborated question: how does the process of adaptivity work? Forming of an adaptive mechanism is in the focus.
Resumo:
Absztrakt: Tanulmnyunkban a menedzsment kpessgek s dntshozatali kzeltsmdok szerept a versenykpessg alaktsban immron negyedik alkalommal elemezzk. Hogy megrtsk, milyen tulajdonsgokkal, egyni kpessgekkel kell a menedzsmentnek rendelkeznie ahhoz, hogy nmaga is versenykpes legyen, s feltrjuk, melyek a mintban szerepl menedzserek erssgei, illetve gyenge pontjai a korbbi kutatsok hagyomnyait kvetve azt vizsgltuk, hogy a mintban szerepl menedzserek hogyan rtkelik nmagukat bizonyos kszsgek, kpessgek szerint, valamint azt is ttekintettk, hogy a menedzserek milyen dntshozatali kzeltsmdokat alkalmaznak. A megkrdezett menedzserekre - akrcsak a korbbi vlaszadkra - a gyakorlatorientltsg, a magas szint szakmai ismeretek birtoklsa s a fejlett problmamegold kpessg jellemz leginkbb, illetve a nemzetkzi trendekkel nmikpp szemben a racionlis dntshozatali megkzeltst preferljk. _____ We have been analyzing the role of management skills and decision making approaches in firm level competitiveness for the fourth time already. In order to understand what characteristics and individual capabilities a manager must have to be competitive him/herself, and what the main strengths and weaknesses of the Hungarian managers are, following the methodologies of our earlier studies, self assessment of the skills and capabilities of the managers in our sample were examined. The managers similarly to the earlier results are practice oriented, they possess up-to-date professional knowledge, and they have good problem solving skills. Our findings demonstrate that they prefer rational decision making approaches, which contradicts to the international tendencies.
Resumo:
Kutatsomban arra a krdsre kerestem a vlaszt, hogy a Budapesti Corvinus Egyetemen a hallgatk miknt vlekednek a kpessgek, kszsgek fejlesztsnek fontossgrl az egyetemi kpzsen bell. Ennek rdekben 2015 februrjban krdves felmrst vgeztem 106 hallgat megkrdezsvel. A hallgatk 90%-a egyetrtett azzal az lltssal, hogy a szakmai ismeretek tadsa mellett a kpessgek, kszsgek fejlesztsre is hangslyt kell helyezni az egyetemi oktatsban. A jvbeli sikeressgk szempontjbl a hrom legfontosabbnak tartott kpessgek: a problmamegold kpessg, a gondolkodsi kpessg s a j kommunikcis kszsg. A hallgatk tisztba vannak a j kommunikcis kszsg fontossgval az let szmos terletn, viszont szembe kell nzni az egyetemi oktats korltozott lehetsgeivel. Az oktatk gyakran knyszerlnek vlaszts el, mire helyezzk az oktatsba elsdlegesen a hangslyt, milyen mdszertant alkalmazzanak. Ezt a dntst segti, ha ismerjk hallgatink preferenciit, cljait, viszonyukat az egyes mdszertani eszkzkhz. Jelen tanulmny ebben kvn segtsget nyjtani. _______ The purpose of this study was to investigate students opinion about the importance of skills and abilities development within university. In February 2015 a survey was conducted by interviewing 106 students. More than 90% of students agreed with the statement that beside professional skill transfer, skills and abilities development should be emphasized as well. According to students opinion the three most important skills for their future success are: problem-solving, creative thinking and communication skills. Students are aware of the importance of good communication skills in many areas of life but the opportunity of its development is restricted. Lecturers are often forced to make a choice about teaching goals, priorities and teaching methods. Knowledge about students goals, preferences and feelings about teaching methods supports this decision. This study intends to provide assistance in this.
Resumo:
The traditional approach to crisis management suggest autocratic leadership, that has risks anyway (leader is the bottle-neck of problem solving, single-loop learning, crisis management is a matter of efficiency). However, managing nowadays crisis is rather effectiveness issue, and requires double-loop learning (second-order change) and leadership role in the sense of Kotters theory. Paper discusses the top-managements leadership responsibilities, and their special tasks in the problem solving process of change. Inappropriate perception of leadership responsibilities and insisting upon first-order change strategy results in becoming part of the problem, rather that part of the solution of the problem.
Resumo:
Jelen tanulmny a posztmodern kor fogyasztsi tendenciit s a posztmodern marketing sajtos fejldst elemzi, elssorban a turizmus pldjn. A szerzk a hazai s a nemzetkzi szakirodalom, illetve sajt kutatsaik s megfigyelseik alapjn tkztetik az ismert s elfogadott elveket, elmleteket a gyakorlattal, s felhvjk a figyelmet a marketingtevkenysg alkalmazkodsnak hazai problmira. A Vezetstudomny cm folyirat 2008/9. szmban rendkvl rdekes tanulmny jelent meg Mitev Ariel Zoltn s Horvth Dra tollbl A posztmodern marketing rzsaszirmai cmmel. A tanulmny elremutat, rdekfeszt s minden tekintetben konstruktv, jszer. Jelen tanulmny szerzire is nagy hatst gyakorolt a cikk, nagyrszt felsorolt ernyei miatt, de egyes esetekben kiegsztst kvnva. Mindenkppen inspirlta a tovbblpst, az jabb adalkok megfogalmazst, amire ezton e tanulmny szerzi ksrletet tettek. A cikk egyben szerves gondolati folytatsa a szerzpros korbbi kzs publikciinak, elssorban a Marketing & Menedzsment folyiratban megjelent cikknek. _______ In this article the author will analyze consumption tendencies of post-modern age, mainly using tourism marketing examples. Their analysis has been based on results of their own researches and researches published in Hungarian and international marketing literature. In this article they try to confront different theories of post-modern marketing and they will analyze problems of applicability of these theories in Hungarian marketing problem solving. An extremely interesting article was published in Vezetstudomny (2008/9), written by Zoltn Mitev Ariel and Dra Horvth, and this article, by its interesting, innovative and constructive aspect has largely influenced authors of present article to continue the path proposed in the abovementioned article. The article, in the same time, is an organic continuation of the earlier common publications of the authors, e.g. the recent article in Marketing & Menedzsment journal.
Resumo:
This article is aimed at considering how an algorithmic problem - more precisely a sorting problem - can be used in an informatics class in primary and secondary education to make students mobilize the largest possible amount of their intellectual skills in the problem solving process. We will be outlining a method which essentially forces students to utilize their mathematical knowledge besides algorithmization in order to provide an efficient solution. What is more, they are expected to use efficiently a tool that has so far not been associated with creative thinking. Sorting is meant to be just an example, through which our thoughts can easily be demonstrated, but - of course the method of education outlined can be linked to several other algorithmic problems, as well.
