Heterogenitás és technikai hatékonyság - a magyar specializált szántóföldi növénytermesztő üzemek esete = Heterogeneity and technical efficiency - the case of Hungary's specialized arable crop production units

A cikkben paneladatok segítségével a magyar gabonatermesztő üzemek 2001 és 2009 közötti technikai hatékonyságát vizsgáljuk. A technikai hatékonyság szintjének becslésére egy hagyományos sztochasztikus határok modell (SFA) mellett a látens csoportok modelljét (LCM) használjuk, amely figyelembe veszi a technológiai különbségeket is. Eredményeink arra utalnak, hogy a technológiai heterogenitás fontos lehet egy olyan ágazatban is, mint a szántóföldi növénytermesztés, ahol viszonylag homogén technológiát alkalmaznak. A hagyományos, azonos technológiát feltételező és a látens osztályok modelljeinek összehasonlítása azt mutatja, hogy a gabonatermesztő üzemek technikai hatékonyságát a hagyományos modellek alábecsülhetik. _____ The article sets out to analyse the technical efficiency of Hungarian crop farms between 2001 and 2009, using panel data and employing both standard stochastic frontier analysis and the latent class model (LCM) to estimate technical efficiency. The findings suggest that technological heterogeneity plays an important role in the crop sector, though it is traditionally assumed to employ homogenous technology. A comparison of standard SFA models that assumes the technology is common to all farms and LCM estimates highlights the way the efficiency of crop farms can be underestimated using traditional SFA models.

A New Approach Model in Post Graduate Training of Local Government Officers

In 2013-15 there was a new type of post graduate training elaborated and piloted in Hungary at the Institute of Executive Training and Continuing Education (VTKI) within the National University of Public Service (NKE). Although the pilot financed by the State Administration Reform Operative Program (ÁROP) had not lacked the previously established attempts to include interactivity in the training, it was the first to observe and apply the actual principles of the European Union 2020 expressed in the threefold criteria of economic growth: smartness, sustainability and inclusiveness. All of them are represented by a pillar of the program like e-learning, class training and field training with the inclusion of local society. According to the objectives of the program there were at least 10 thousand attendees from the civil service sphere set as project indicators, so it has been a large scale training program that took place in 2014 in Hungary. The following article shows the innovations included in this new approach model of post graduate training civil servants.