3 resultados para Demography
em Corvinus Research Archive - The institutional repository for the Corvinus University of Budapest
Resumo:
A rendszervlts utni idszak gazdasgi teljestmnyei a beteljeslt remnyek s a megvalsulatlan vrakozsok egymst kvet hullmzsait takarjk. A mgttnk hagyott kt vtized els felt a gazdasgi szerkezetvlts, a piaci kapcsolatok mdosulsa, valamint j tbbsgben klfldi befekteti csoportok megjelense jellemezte, amelyek egyttes hozadka volt a gazdasg stabilizldsa, majd az j nvekedsi plyra lls. Az ezredfordult kvet vtized els felre azonban a klfldi befektetsekre alapozott gazdasgfejlesztsi stratgia erejt vesztette, s a helyettestsre sznt hazai kkv-szektor a kiemelt tmogatsok s a kedvezmnyek ellenre nem tudott a nvekeds motorjv vlni. Szerznk a BCE tudomnyos kutatja s az APEH korbbi elnke a versenyszektor 20002008. vi pnzgyi beszmoli alapjn a hazai vllalkozsok demogrfiai, teljestmnyi s eredmnyessgi jellemzit vizsglja, s kt rszbl ll tanulmnyban arra keresi a vlaszt, hogy a vrakozsoktl elmarad mkdsi eredmnyekben milyen szerepe lehet a gazdasgfejlesztsi stratgia hinynak, a vllalkozsi teljestmnyek elgtelensgnek, a tkehinynak, illetve a pnzgyi rendszer torzulsainak. Szerkesztsgnk a tanulmnyt olyan vitaindtnak tekinti, ami szles rdekldsre tarthat szmot, s szvesen vllalkozunk arra, hogy kzreadunk minden jobbt szndk gondolatot. _______ The economic performance during the transition period was characterized by the alternations of fulfilled hopes and unrealized expectations. The economic restructuring and changes in market relations took place during the first decade, while new mostly foreign investment groups entered on the new market. As a result the economy was stabilized and was put to a new growth path. But after the millennium the foreign investment based economy development strategy was no more adequate. The new engine for the growth should have been the domestic small and medium enterprise sector (SME), but despite the subsidies this sector was not strengthened to take this role. The author the researcher of BCE, and the ex-president of APEH analyses the characteristics of the domestic business demography, performance and effectiveness, based on the 20002008 annual financial statements of the business sector. The two-part study seeks the reason for the disappointing operation results. What role take in this phenomena the absence of economic strategy, the deficiency of business performance, the lack of capital and the financial distortions of the system. Our editorial intend this study as a debate for the public, and we would publish the ideas which improves this relevant topic.
Resumo:
A magyar gazdasg j nvekedsi plyra llsa a kilencvenes vek vgre tehet, s ebben meghatroz szerepe volt a ptllagos erforrsknt szolgl klfldi mkdtke-befektetseknek. A nemzetkzi tkeramls ezredfordult kvet mdosulsa (cskken volumen, vltoz irnyultsg) kedveztlenl rintette a hazai gazdasgot, aminek egyik kvetkezmnye a beruhzsok cskkense s a nvekedsi tem lassulsa, msik kvetkezmnye viszont a jvedelemkiramlst semlegest hats elmaradsa miatt a fizetsi mrleg romlsa. Ebben a helyzetben halaszthatatlann vlt az llamhztartsi egyenslyromls meglltsa, illetve a gazdasgi fejlds j alapokra helyezse. A szerz elemzsben a hazai versenyszektor eredmnyessgi s vagyoni jellemzinek rtkelsvel azt szeretn jelezni, hogy az egyenslytalansgi llapot megszntetse nem szortkozhat az llamhztartsi rendszerre, vagyis az orszg helyzetnek stabilizlsa, majd j nvekedsi plyra lls nem kpzelhet el a gazdasg tfog modernizcija nlkl. Vizsglata a tnylegesen mkd (343 ezer) hazai trsas vllalkozs 20002008. vi pnzgyi beszmolinak adataira pl. llspontja szerint a mintavtel nagysga ellenslyozza az esetleges torzt hatsokat (lsd: helyenknt elfordul kreatv beszmolk), gy a vllalkozsok mennyisgi gyarapodsa, mret szerinti megoszlsa, a gazdasgi tevkenysg jellege, a teljestmnyek s eredmnyek alakulsa, a vllalkozi vagyon mdosulsa megbzhatan rtkelhet, illetve a tapasztalatok alapjn a korrekcis intzkedsek ignye s azok tartalma is jl krvonalazhat. Tanulmnyt gy ajnljuk a tma irnt rdekldknek, a versenyszektor szereplinek, de leginkbb a gazdasgpolitika formlinak. _________ The economic performance during the transition period was characterized by the alternations of fulfilled hopes and unrealized expectations. The economic restructuring and changes in market relations took place during the first decade, while new mostly foreign investment groups entered on the new market. As a result the economy was stabilized and was put to a new growth path. But after the millennium the foreign investment based economy development strategy was no more adequate. The new engine for the growth should have been the domestic small and medium enterprise sector (SsME), but despite the subsidies this sector was not strengthened to take this role. The author the researcher of BCE, and the ex-president of APpEH analyses the characteristics of the domestic business demography, performance and effectiveness, based on the 20002008 annual financial statements of the business sector. In the authors analysis with assessment of the domestic business sector and financial performance characteristicst - he would like to point out that the imbalance can not be confined to the elimination of state government system, that is, the countrys situation to stabilize, and then post a new growth path is not conceivable without the modernization of the economy overall. In his view, the sample size outweighed the possible distortionary effects (see occurring in places of creative accounts), so the growth of business volume, size distribution, the nature of economic activity, the evolution of performance and results, a reliable assessment of changes in the business of property and the experience on the basis of the need for corrective action, and its contents are also well delineated. Sstudy it is recommended for those interested in the topic, the business sector actors, but most of the economic policy makers.
Resumo:
This article studies the determinants of pharmaceutical innovation diffusion among specialists. To this end, it investigates the influences of six categories of factorssocial embeddedness, socio-demography, scientific orientation, prescribing patterns, practice characteristics, and patient panel compositionon the use of new drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hungary. Here, in line with international trends, 11 brands were introduced between April 2008 and April 2010, outperforming all other therapeutic classes. The Cox proportional hazards model identifies three determinantssocial contagion (in the social embeddedness category) and prescribing portfolio and insulin prescribing ratio (in the prescribing pattern category). First, social contagion has a positive effect among geographically close colleaguesthe higher the adoption ratio, the higher the likelihood of early adoptionbut no influence among former classmates and scientific collaborators. Second, the wider the prescribing portfolio, the earlier the new drug uptake. Third, the lower the insulin prescribing ratio, the earlier the new drug uptakephysicians therapeutic convictions and patients socioeconomic statuses act as underlying influencers. However, this finding does not extend to opinion-leading physicians such as scientific leaders and hospital department and outpatient center managers. This article concludes by arguing that healthcare policy strategists and pharmaceutical companies may rely exclusively on practice location and prescription data to perfect interventions and optimize budgets.
