3 resultados para Blocks of brick
em Corvinus Research Archive - The institutional repository for the Corvinus University of Budapest
Resumo:
According to the textbook approach, the developmental states of the Far East have been considered as strong and autonomous entities. Although their bureaucratic elites have remained isolated from direct pressures stemming from society, the state capacity has also been utilised in order to allocate resources in the interest of the whole society. Yet, society by and large has remained weak and subordinated to the state elite. On the other hand, the general perception of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been just the opposite. The violent and permanent conflict amongst rent-seeking groups for influence and authority over resources has culminated in a situation where states have become extremely weak and fragmented, while society depending on the capacity of competing groups for mobilising resources to organise themselves mostly on a regional or local level (resulting in local petty kingdoms) has never had the chance to evolve as a strong player. State failure in the literature, therefore, in the context of SSA refers not just to a weak and captured state but also to a non-functioning, and sometimes even non-existent society, too. Recently, however, the driving forces of globalisation might have triggered serious changes in the above described status quo. Accordingly, our hypothesis is the following: globalisation, especially the dynamic changes of technology, capital and communication have made the simplistic strong stateweak society (in Asia) and weak stateweak society (in Africa) categorisation somewhat obsolete. While our comparative study has a strong emphasis on the empirical scrutiny of trying to uncover the dynamics of changes in statesociety relations in the two chosen regions both qualitatively and quantitatively, it also aims at complementing the meaning and essence of the concepts and methodology of stateness, state capacity and state-society relations, the well-known building blocks of the seminal works of Evans (1995), Leftwich (1995), Migdal (1988) or Myrdal (1968).
Resumo:
A tanulmny clja, hogy rtelmezze a globlis gazdasg alapvet fontossg ptelemt, az zleti hlzatot, majd megvizsglja annak felptst s mkdsnek fbb vezrlelveit. Elszr az alapfogalmak zleti hlzat, elltsi lnc s elltsi hl meghatrozsra s azok felptsnek bemutatsra kerl sor. Ezt kveten a cikk rviden ismerteti, hogy melyek voltak azok a vllalati gazdlkods krnyezetben vgbement vltozsok, melyek a gazdasg hlzatosodst elsegtettk s ennek kapcsn elvezettek az zleti hlzatok versenykpessgben jtszott szerepnek ersdshez. A szerz ugyanakkor bemutatja a kialakul j gazdasgi modell, az n. hlzati gazdasg mkdsi modelljnek lnyeges j tulajdonsgait. A tanulmny ezutn ismerteti az zleti hlzat s ezen bell az elltsi lnc mkdtetsben meghatroz koordincis mechanizmusokban megfigyelhet markns vltozsokat. Vgl rszletesen ismerteti az zleti hlzat kt f ptelemt: a hlzatot alkot zleti egysgeknek, illetve a kzttk kialakul kapcsolatoknak az alapvet tpusait. ________ The aim of the paper is to present and interpret the basic building element of global business: the business network, its structure and operation. First basic terms network, supply chain, supply network are defined and described, than those changes are introduced that played significant role in increasing their importance. Characteristics of the new network economy are presented; especially changes in the coordination mechanism between cooperating parties in the network are demonstrated. Finally the two building blocks of global business networks: (i) nodes (business units) and (ii) threads (partnerships) are described in details.
Resumo:
A tanulmnyban a Pnzgyminisztrium gazdasgpolitikai fosztlya s az MTA Kzgazdasgtudomnyi Intzete ltal kifejlesztett kzpmret negyedves makrogazdasgi modell segtsgvel elemezzk a magyar gazdasg legfontosabb mechanizmusait. A modellezs sorn kvetett alapelvek s a modell blokkjainak bemutatsa utn egy forgatknyv-elemzs keretben vizsgljuk a makrogazdasgi s kltsgvetsi folyamatokat befolysol fbb faktorok hatsait. A - tgan rtelmezett - "bizonytalansgi tnyezket" hrom csoportba soroljuk: megklnbztetjk a kls krnyezet (pldul rfolyam) vltozst, a gazdasgi szereplk viselkedsben rejl bizonytalansgokat (pldul a brigazods sebessgnek vagy a fogyasztssimts mrtknek bizonytalansgt), valamint a gazdasgpolitikai lpseket (pldul llami brek emelst). Megmutatjuk, hogy e kockzatok makrokvetkezmnyei nem fggetlenek egymstl, pldul egy rfolyamvltozs hatst befolysolja a brigazods sebessge. ______ This paper analyses the most important mechanisms of the Hungarian economy using a medium-sized quarterly macroeconomic model developed jointly by the Economic Policy Department of the Ministry of Finance and the Institute of Economics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. After introducing the fundamental principles of modelling and the building blocks of the model investigated, within a scenario analysis, the authors present the effects of the main factors behind the macroeconomic and budgetary processes. The sources of uncertainty - defined in a broad sense - are categorized in three groups: change in the external environment (e.g. the exchange rate), uncertainties in the behav-iour of economic agents (e.g. in speed of wage adjustment or extent of consumption smoothing), and economic policy decisions (e.g. the increase in public sector wages). The macroeconomic consequences of these uncertainties are shown not to be independent of each other. For instance, the effects of an exchange rate shock are influenced by the speed of wage adjustment.
