17 resultados para 350 Public administration
em Corvinus Research Archive - The institutional repository for the Corvinus University of Budapest
Resumo:
The purpose of social co-ordination mechanisms is to co-ordinate the activities of individuals and organisations specialised in the distribution of work. The paper reviews five basic types of mechanisms: market, bureaucratic, ethical, aggressive and co-operative co-ordination. Todays world operates on the basis of a duality: international cooperation is based on nation states, in which the public administrations work according to bureaucratic coordination. However, the increasingly globalised market responds to the logic of market coordination. The article argues that in terms of understanding the working of public administration, the various coordination mechanisms are of crucial importance, especially where various mechanisms meet, such as the relationship between nation states and multinational corporations.
Resumo:
Az utbbi vtizedek nemzetkzi trendjei azt mutatjk, hogy a civil szervezetek s a nonprofit szolgltatk szmottev hatst gyakorolnak a versenykpessg alakulsra. Ez a tanulmny azokat a formlis s informlis mechanizmusokat tekinti t, amelyeken keresztl a civil trsadalom befolysolja a kzintzmnyi dntseket s azok gyakorlati megvalstst, hozzjrul a government-tl a governance irnyba val elmozdulshoz. Szintn kpet ad arrl az talakulsi folyamatrl, amely a kzszolgltatsok terletn zajlik, s amelybl egyre marknsabban rajzoldik ki a kzssgi kezdemnyezsen alapul, trsadalmi ellenrzs alatt mkd nonprofit szolgltatk s az llami szereplk kztti partneri viszony kialakulsnak tendencija. ____________ The international trends of the last decades have revealed that civil society organisations and nonprofit service providers have a significant impact on competitiveness. This paper gives an overview of the formal and informal mechanisms operated by civil society in order to keep public administration accountable, to influence public decisions and their implementation, thus moving from government towards governance. It also analyses the transition of public services, the more and more noticeable signs of an emerging partnership between the grassroots, community controlled service providing nonprofit organisations and the government actors.
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Az llamigazgatsban itthon s klfldn is a projektek jelents szzalka idben csszik, nem azt eredmnyezi, amit eredetileg elvrtak, a szakmai rsztvevk szerint tladminisztrlt, a munkatrsak tevkenysge nem ttekinthet. Ezeknek a problmknak a nagy rsze a projektszervezet s a hierarchikusfunkcionlis- hivatali szervezet egyms mellett lsbl s a nehezen szinkronizlhat egyttmkdsbl fakad. A cikkben egy, a gyakorlatban bevlt mdszertant mutat be a szerz, amely adott felttelrendszer mellett nagymrtkben kikszbli a fent emltett hinyossgokat s a szervezet napi mkdsbe illeszked tevkenysgek sorozatra vezeti vissza a projekttevkenysgeket. A mdszer egy gyakorlati problmbl a volt APEH-es s VP-s rendszerek integrlsa a NAV-ba indult ki, azonban a szerz vlemnye szerint alkalmazhat ms, funkcionlis alapokon felpl szervezetnl is. _____ The high percentage of public sector projects slips in time, the result is not that what was expected initially, those are overadministrated by according to the professional participants opinion, and the activity of staff does not clear. In this article the author describes a best practice methodology, which led the project activities to series of activities which fit to the organizations daily operations. The method started from a practical problem, but according to the authors opinion it can be applied to other structured functional basis organizations.
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A szerz dolgozatban egy kzigazgatsban vgzett krdves vizsglat eredmnyeit sszegezi. A kutats alapkrdse: a kzigazgatsi szervezetek krben hogyan befolysolja a szervezeti kultra a szervezeti teljestmnyt? A kutats e krdst egy hat magyar minisztriumban folytatott krdves vizsglat rvn ksrli meg megvlaszolni. ____ In his study the author presents the results of a questionnaire survey of the Hungarian public administration. The main issue of this survey was how to influence the organizational culture the organizational performance in the public administration? This survey would try to answer this issue.
Resumo:
The aim of this paper is to shed the light on the relationship between New Public Management and Hungarys Zoltn Magyary Public Administration Development Programme. As will be shown, the Magyary Programme has a dual structure. The systemic reforms run counter to the NPM philosophy because the main goal is the centralization of public administration, while NPM clearly advocates decentralization. At the same time, reform proposals on the organizational level conform to NPM. The inconsistencies in the Magyary Programme itself and the probable political and organizational resistance towards its proposals could delay the introduction of reforms on the organizational level.
Resumo:
The aim of the paper is to highlight the main characteristics of the recent Hungarian public administration reform, as well as to reveal the inconsistent nature of some of its elements and to describe the connected risks. The starting point of the article is the Magyary Zoltn public administration development programme. The reform steps are compared to the ideal type NPM approach. The Hungarian public administration reform can be characterized by strong centralization and the revitalization of Hungarian anti-liberal traditions at macro level, and by the support of the enhancement of market rules and management at micro level.
Resumo:
Public management reforms are usually underpinned by arguments that they will make the public administration system more effective and efficient. In practice, however, it is very hard to determine whether a given reform will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the public administration system in the long run. Here, I shall examine how the concept of the soft budget constraint (SBC) introduced by Jnos Kornai (Kornai 1979, 1986; Kornai, Maskin & Roland 2003) can be applied to this problem. In the following, I shall describe the Hungarian public administration reforms implemented by the Orbn government from 2010 onward and analyze its reforms, focusing on which measures harden and which ones soften the budget constraint of the actors of the Hungarian public administration system. In the literature of economics, there is some evidence-based knowledge on how to harden/soften the budget constraint, which improves/reduces the effectiveness and hence the efficiency of the given system. By using the concept of SBC, I also hope to shed some light on the rationale behind the Hungarian governments introduction of such a contradictory reform package. Previously, the concept of SBC was utilized narrowly in public management studies, mostly in the field of fiscal federalism. My goal is to apply the concept to a broader area of public management studies. My conclusion is that the concept of SBC can significantly contribute to public management studies by deepening our knowledge on the reasons behind the success and failure of public administration reforms.
Resumo:
The improving performance of public administration and the reform of public financing system have been on agenda in Hungary for many years, in accordance with the international trends. However, governments have not expected and supported creating of a performance-oriented public administration in a comprehensive and explicit way. Nevertheless, there are bottom-up initiatives at organizational level, which target performance-oriented organizational function. The research focuses on organizations of central public administration where the successful application of performance management methods is most likely based on the international literature. These are the so called agency-type organizations, which are in Hungary called autonomous state-administration organizations independent of the Government (e.g. Hungarian Competition Authority), government bureaus (e.g. Hungarian Central Statistical Office), and central offices subordinated to the government (either the cabinet or a ministry) (e.g. Hungarian Meteorological Service). The studied agencies are legally independent organizations with managerial autonomy based on public law. The purpose of this study is to get an overview on organizational level performance management tools applied by Hungarian agencies, and to reveal the reasons and drivers of the application of these tools. The empirical research is based on a mixed methods approach which combines both quantitative methods and qualitative procedures. The first quantitative phase of the authors research was content analysis of homepages of the studied organizations. As a results she got information about all agencies and their practice related to some performance management tools. The second qualitative phase was based on semi-structured face-to-face interviews with some senior managers of agencies. The author selected the interviewees based on the results of the first phase, the relatively strong performance orientation was an important selection criteria.
Resumo:
A tanulmny a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) egyik nagy krdsnek megkzeltseit vizsglja: miknt vdhet a kzrdek e projektekben. Piaci s nem piaci megoldsokat tesz az elemzs mrlegre, valamint kitr arra, hogy mirt klnleges a PPP projektek esetben a kzrdek vdelmnek krdse. A szablyozott verseny krlmnyeinek kialaktsa tbb megkzeltsben is perdnt krds a PPP rtknvelsnek elmozdtshoz, br a ltez megoldsok nem mentesek anomliktl. A kpviseleti demokrcia intzmnyi mkdsnek tmogatsra pedig a trsadalmi rszvtel megoldsait javasolja az irodalom. E megkzelts is tbb formjban, tbbfle cllal s szintn kihvsokkal segtheti az rtknvel PPP projekteket. A tanulmny az elvi lehetsgek rtkel elemzst kveten a megvalsts realitsait is mrlegre teszi. = This study focuses on a key issue in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects: how may public interest be protected. It assesses market based and non market based approaches, and also explains why PPP projects are peculiar when addressing the protection of public interest. Setting up the conditions for simulated competition is of paramount importance for different reasons in order to enable value creating PPP projects. Existing solutions however are not without anomalies. To promote the institutions of democracy, participatory solutions are recommended in the literature. That approach may help value creating PPP projects in various forms, with a range of objectives and challenges. The study concludes the analytical assessment of options by highlighting the realistic conditions of implementation.
Resumo:
A tanulmny a PPP klnbz strukturlis modelljeinek csoportostst mutatja be, az egyes tpusok rvid rendszerez ttekintsvel. A tipolgik vizsglata hasznos ahhoz, hogy a PPP projektek struktrjnak kialaktsakor a klnbz lehetsgeket mrlegelni tudjuk. Tbbfle megkzeltsben lehet a modelleket tipizlni. Az egyttmkds clja alapjn a hatkonysg-, a minsg- s a finanszrozs-orientlt modellek a legelterjedtebbek, a kockzatmegoszts mdja alapjn BOT, DBFO s koncesszis vltozatok, a haszonmegoszts szablyozsa alapjn rplafon-szablyozs, kzvetlen haszonszablyozs, fixdjas s rnykras megoldsok a leginkbb bevettek. A tanulmny ezek elemz bemutatsa alapjn arra a kvetkeztetsre jut, hogy a gyakorlati megoldsok a legtbb esetben az elmleti tpusok valamilyen kombincijt tartalmazzk, a konkrt eset feltteleinek megfelelen. gy a gyakorlatban a fix tipolgik helyett alkalmasabb gy megkzeltennk a PPP-t, mint egy folyamatosan vltoz, a helyi ignyekhez idomul jelensget. A haszonszablyoz tipolgia kapcsn a tanulmny mellklete rvid ttekintst nyjt a PPP esetben kritikus mltnyos haszon becslsnek lehetsges megoldsairl is. = This study shows a categorization of the different structural models of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. The typologies are useful to assess the available options when decisions on PPP project structures are made. There are different categorizing aspects. Based ont he key purpose of the partnership there are efficiency, quality and financing focused models. From a risk sharing point of view, BOT, DBFO and concession models are most typical. Regarding the regulation of returns price-cap models, open book models, fixed price and shadow pricing models are most common. Based on the analytical assessment of these, they study concludes that actual projects are mostly a combination of theoretical types, as required by the given case. Therefore in practice, it is more appropriate to approach PPP projects as a constantly shaping concept, adjustable to particular conditions. Supporting the approaches to the regulation of returns, an appendix of the study summarizes the different methods to estimate fair returns, a critical issue in PPP projects.
Resumo:
A tanulmnyban sszefoglalan bemutatom a Public_Private Partnership (PPP) gazdlkodstani szempontbl relevns kutati munkinak fogalomhasznlatt, krdsfeltevseit, illetve fbb eredmnyeit. Ezzel betekintst kvnok nyjtani abba, hogy mit kutatnak a PPP terletn a kollgk gazdlkodstani szempontbl. Lthatv szeretnm tenni, hogy eszerint melyek a jelents tmk s krdsek a tudomnyos kzssg mai felfogsa alapjn. Az elemzs kzppontjban huszonhrom, a Public-Private Partnership gazdlkodstani megkzeltshez kapcsold, konkrt tudomnyos kutatsra pl irodalom ll, amelyek lthatv teszik a PPP sokfle rtelmezst a szerzk ltal alkalmazott rszben eltr defincikkal. A tbbfle szempontbl vgzett szisztematikus elemzs eredmnyekppen lthat, hogy noha az rsok mondanivaljuk fggvnyben vagy kiemelik a PPP partneri, kockzatmegoszt jellegt, vagy ezt nem hangslyozzk s ltalnosabb rtelmezssel dolgoznak. A PPP-t leginkbb kritikusan brl szerzk krben jellemz, hogy a gyakorlati megvalsuls alapjn a PPP-nek inkbb feladattad, semmint partneri, illetve inkbb finanszrozsi, semmint rtknvel jellegt hangslyozzk. = This working paper summarizes the terminology, research focus and primary results of academic articles on Public-Private Partnership (PPP) from a business studies approach. This is to show what fellow researchers focus on. I mean to highlight the significant topics as per the current understanding of the academic community. The analysis focuses on twenty-three academic articles that reveal the various interpretations of PPP, using somewhat different definitions. Analytical results show that the articles do not use a common interpretation, but authors either highlight the partnership, i.e. risk sharing nature of PPP; or it is not emphasized, and they use a more general interpretation instead. Researchers most critical with PPP typically give importance to the outsourcing and financing aspects of PPP in practice, rather than its partnership or value increasing character.
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A tanulmny a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) immanens logikai kihvsai kzl kt kiemelt krdst elemez: az llami fl kzszolglati-kzigazgatsi begyazottsgbl ered dilemmkat, valamint az llami s a magnfl eltr kulturlis htterbl ered feszltsgek jellemzit. A PPP projektek gyakorlati megvalstsa szempontjbl e kt kardinlis krds kifinomult elmleti htterbe nyjt bepillantst. A kzszolgltatsi dilemmk kzl azonostja s trgyalja a jogszersg vs. eredmnyessg, a hatkonysg vs. eredmnyessg, a centralizci vs. decentralizci, a kzrdek vs. egyni szabadsgjogok vdelme, valamint a kormnyzat kicsinytse vs. jogbiztonsg vdelme, s a vllalkozi szemllet vs. kzszolglatisg kzti egyenslyozs kihvsait. Az llami s az zleti fl kulturlis klnbzsgnek kzponti motvumaknt a dntshozatalbeli klnbsget ragadja meg, s a bizalom szerept hangslyozza a mkdkpes modell megtallsnak lehetsgeknt. = This study analyses two cardinal issues of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects immanent challenges: the management dilemmas of public services/governance, and the tensions between the private and public parties due to their different cultural imbeddedness. It provides theoretical insights into these two issues of practical relevance. As public service management dilemmas, it identifies the trade-offs between rights vs. effectiveness, efficiency vs. effectiveness, centralization vs. decentralization, protecting the public interest vs. individual freedom, minimizing government vs. protecting human rights, the entrepreneurial approach vs. public service ethos. The study captures the cultural difference between the public and the private parties in their different approaches to decision making, while it concludes that the role of trust is key in finding feasible solutions for PPP models.
Resumo:
rsunk a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) magyarorszgi megvalsulsnak hangslyairl szl. Azt vizsgljuk, hogy a szakmai kzvlemny milyen kpet alakthatott ki e projektekrl a szaksajt olvassn keresztl. Hrom tgabb elvi szempont sajtbeli megjelensnek slyt elemezzk: a PPP cljai, a feladatok hatkonyabb elvgzsnek mdja, illetve a trsadalmi kontroll megvalsulsa ll rdekldsnk kzppontjban. A tartalomelemzs matematikai-statisztikai mdszereit alkalmazzuk. Kvetkeztetsnk, hogy a PPP-projektek ltalban mg nem elvi lnyegk szerint valsultak meg Magyarorszgon, br az vek sorn rzkelhet pozitv irny elmozduls: tanulsi folyamat trtnik. Ennek alapjn nem szabad a PPP-t mint mdszert elvetni a kzfeladatok elltsban, hanem alkalmazsi mdjnak tkletestsre kell trekedni. = This working paper focuses on the perceptions of the Hungarian implementation of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. It was examined how PPP was perceived in the wider public through the communication of the most read daily and weekly business journals. We analyzed the proportion of three broad aspects in the articles: the main goals of PPP, efficiency improvement as a substantial opportunity for value creation, and the role of democratic control. We applied the mathematical-statistical methods of content analysis. Our conclusion is that PPP-projects in Hungary are far from the normative model of implementation as discerned from literature, but from year to year a positive shift, a learning process can be observed. Therefore, instead of discarding PPP as a progressive government solution, Hungary should focus on improving the design and implementation of PPP projects.
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A kutatk a 2000-es vek eleje ta foglalkoznak a kzbeszerzs s a versenykpessg kapcsolatval. A kt terlet kztti sszefggs egyrtelm, melyet vizsglatainak is megerstenek. Az Eurpai Uni tagllamainak jogalkotn folyamatos a nyoms, hogy a kzbeszerzst klnbz clokra hasznljk fel. Mindez segt a kzbeszerzs rtelmezsi krnek kitgtsban, de felhvja a figyelmet arra, hogy a jogalkotknak elssorban nhny kiemelt tmra kell sszpontostaniuk, mint az innovci vagy a fenntarthatsg. A felsoktatsi intzmnyek kzbeszerzsben betlttt szerepn tl fontossguk a konzorcilis beszerzsek, a kzbeszerzs kpzs, tovbb az innovatv termkek, technolgik beszerzsi gyakorlatban betlttt szerepk miatt kiemelked. Haznkban ez az els alkalom, hogy feltrjuk kifejezetten nagy kzbeszerz felsoktatsi intzmnyeik piaci szerept s elemezzk kzbeszerzsi gyakorlatuk sajtossgait, viszonytjuk eddigi kutatsi eredmnyeinkhez. ______ Researchers have focused on the relation between public procurement and competitiveness since the early 2000s. The relation between corporate competitiveness and public procurement is beyond doubt, evidenced by our research findings. There is growing pressure on the legislators of EU Member States to use public procurement for certain purposes. This helps to widen the scope of procurement, but the regulators have to focus on several priorities like innovation and sustainability. The importance of universities in the development of consortial purchasing, purchasing education, procurement of innovative goods and technologies is unquestionable. It is the first opportunity in Hungary to analyze the role of large contracting authorities, participants of the higher educational market in public procurement and to explore the characteristics of their public procurement practice in order to make comparison between universities and other public procurement market players.
Resumo:
The objective of this article is to introduce the main blocks in building virtual front and back offices of public administration. Virtual administration is probably kind of an ultimate or top stage of ICT platforms of e-government. First a justification is given why 3D government fits in the recent EU directives of e-government development. The relevant scholarship contains a brief description of the visualized e-government, and then a fully illustrated, step by step survey reveals the itinerary to construct virtual government which is the main result of the study. The article concludes with a discussion on the practical benefit of such a research if there is one.
