219 resultados para Uˆnnepi kötet Honti László tiszteletére
Resumo:
A tanulmny clja, hogy a globalizci j korszakhoz illeszked elmleti kzgazdasgi folyamatokat bemutassa, klns tekintettel az adzsi ismeretek oktatsra. Az adzs szksgessgrl csak akkor gyzhet meg a trsadalom, ha az adfizets a jogllami normk rvnyestshez szksges, gy a jogllam elsdlegessgbl kiindul gazdasgelmletre van szksg. Ez klnsen ebben a trsgben fontos, hiszen nlunk egyelre gyenge a jogllami szemllet, ezrt nagyobb szksg van a kzgazdasgtudomny megjulsra is, a neoliberalizmus szemlletnek meghaladsra. Ezt az j irnyt a tanulmny a kzgazdasgtan etikai s kulturlis megalapozsnak tekinti.
Resumo:
The paper uses paired comparison-based scoring procedures for ranking the participants of a Swiss system chess team tournament. We present the main challenges of ranking in Swiss system, the features of individual and team competitions as well as the failures of official lexicographical orders. The tournament is represented as a ranking problem, our model is discussed with respect to the properties of the score, generalized row sum and least squares methods. The proposed procedure is illustrated with a detailed analysis of the two recent chess team European championships. Final rankings are compared by their distances and visualized with multidimensional scaling (MDS). Differences to official ranking are revealed by the decomposition of least squares method. Rankings are evaluated by prediction accuracy, retrodictive performance, and stability. The paper argues for the use of least squares method with a results matrix favoring match points.
Resumo:
The objective of this article is to analyse the marketing practice of Hungarian companies. On the one hand, the role of marketing function in the company has been revealed, and on the other hand the relationship between marketing efforts and market performance has been investigated. In frame of the Hungarian Competitiveness Studies, 300 marketing executives were surveyed to rate the marketing practice of their companies, concentrating on branding, pricing policy, applied marketing channels and promotional activities. The results confirm that sophisticated marketing practice leads to higher business performance. Keywords: marketing tools, competitiveness, performance
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Network analysis has emerged as a key technique in communication studies, economics, geography, history and sociology, among others. A fundamental issue is how to identify key nodes in a network, for which purpose a number of centrality measures have been developed. This paper proposes a new parametric family of centrality measures called generalized degree. It is based on the idea that a relationship to a more interconnected node contributes to centrality in a greater extent than a connection to a less central one. Generalized degree improves on degree by redistributing its sum over the network with the consideration of the global structure. Application of the measure is supported by a set of basic properties. A sufficient condition is given for generalized degree to be rank monotonic, excluding counter-intuitive changes in the centrality ranking after certain modifications of the network. The measure has a graph interpretation and can be calculated iteratively. Generalized degree is recommended to apply besides degree since it preserves most favorable attributes of degree, but better reflects the role of the nodes in the network and has an increased ability to distinguish between their importance.
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A special class of preferences, given by a directed acyclic graph, is considered. They are represented by incomplete pairwise comparison matrices as only partial information is available: for some pairs no comparison is given in the graph. A weighting method satisfies the property linear order preservation if it always results in a ranking such that an alternative directly preferred to another does not have a lower rank. We study whether two procedures, the Eigenvector Method and the Logarithmic Least Squares Method meet this axiom. Both weighting methods break linear order preservation, moreover, the ranking according to the Eigenvector Method depends on the incomplete pairwise comparison representation chosen.
Resumo:
The paper considers a general model of electoral systems combining district-based elections with a compensatory mechanism in order to implement any outcome between strictly majoritarian and purely proportional seat allocation. It contains vote transfer and allows for the application of three different correction formulas. Analysis in a two-party system shows that a trade-off exists for the dominant party between the expected seat share and the chance of obtaining majority. Vote transfer rules are also investigated by focusing on the possibility of manipulation. The model is applied to the 2014 Hungarian parliamentary election. Hypothetical results reveal that the vote transfer rule cannot be evaluated in itself, only together with the share of constituency seats. With an appropriate choice of the latter, the three mechanisms can be made functionally equivalent.
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In the past few years, several papers have been published in the international literature on the impact of the economic crisis on health and health care. However, there is limited knowledge on this topic regarding the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The main aims of this study are to examine the effect of the financial crisis on health care spending in four CEE countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) in comparison with the OECD countries. In this paper we also revised the literature for economic crisis related impact on health and health care system in these countries. OECD data released in 2012 were used to examine the differences in growth rates before and after the financial crisis. We examined the ratio of the average yearly growth rates of health expenditure expressed in USD (PPP) between 20082010 and 20002008. The classification of the OECD countries regarding development and relative growth resulted in four clusters. A large diversity of relative growth was observed across the countries in austerity conditions, however the changes significantly correlate with the average drop of GDP from 2008 to 2010. To conclude, it is difficult to capture visible evidence regarding the impact of the recession on the health and health care systems in the CEE countries due to the absence of the necessary data. For the same reason, governments in this region might have a limited capability to minimize the possible negative effects of the recession on health and health care systems.
Resumo:
In the past few years, several papers have been published in the international literature on the impact of the economic crisis on health and health care. However, there is limited knowledge on this topic regarding the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The main aims of this study are to examine the effect of the financial crisis on health care spending in four CEE countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) in comparison with the OECD countries. In this paper we also revised the literature for economic crisis related impact on health and health care system in these countries. OECD data released in 2012 were used to examine the differences in growth rates before and after the financial crisis. We examined the ratio of the average yearly growth rates of health expenditure expressed in USD (PPP) between 20082010 and 20002008. The classification of the OECD countries regarding development and relative growth resulted in four clusters. A large diversity of relative growth was observed across the countries in austerity conditions, however the changes significantly correlate with the average drop of GDP from 2008 to 2010. To conclude, it is difficult to capture visible evidence regarding the impact of the recession on the health and health care systems in the CEE countries due to the absence of the necessary data. For the same reason, governments in this region might have a limited capability to minimize the possible negative effects of the recession on health and health care systems.
Resumo:
Beszllt, gyrt s vev vllalatok alkotnak egy elltsi lncot. Optimlis esetben a vllalatok integrlt rendszerben mkdnek, az egyttmkds bizal mi alapon nyugszik, gy a kzs stratgiai dntsek rvn versenykpes lesz a lnc. Az elltsi lncban lehet egy kulcsfontossg vllalat, amelyik dominns hatalmi pozcival rendelkezik. A kutats clja, hogy feltrja a hatalommal rendelkez vllalat szerept a partnercgek s az elltsi lnc versenykpessgnek alakulsban. A szakirodalom alapjn a hipotzis felttelezi, hogy van kapcsolat a versenykpessg s a dominns vllalat szerepvllalsa kztt. A szerzk elemzse primer kutatson alapul, a krdv vlaszait SPSS statisztikai kirtkelssel vgeztk. Az eredmnyek azt mutattk, hogy a dominns vllalat versenykpessgtl valban fgg a partnercgek versenykpessge. Szignifikns kapcsolat meglte bizonytja a hipotzist. A vizsglatok kiemelik, hogy a verseny mr egy szinttel feljebb, az elltsi lnc szintjn rtelmezhet: globlis elltsi lncok versenyeznek egymssal. _____ Supplier, producer and buyer companies make up a supply chain. In an optimal case the companies are integrated, partnership rests on trust which results in common strategic decisions leading to competitiveness. Each supply chain has a key company with dominant power position. The objective of the research is to analyse how the company with power affects competitiveness of partner firms and the supply chain as a whole. Based on theories hypothesis assumes a link between competitiveness and power position and its influence. Methodology of the analysis is based on primary research; the authors used SPSS statistical analysis to evaluate the answers of questionnaire. Findings include that partner firms competitiveness rely on competitiveness of the company with dominant power position. Significant connections prove that the hypothesis is true. Results show that competitiveness is being moved up to supply chain level. Global supply chains compete with each other.
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The official cooperation between the Hungarian and the Belarusian geography began to be outlined in a sunny afternoon of June 2010 in the Minsk building of the Geographic Faculty of the Belarusian State University, four years ago. Then we reviewed the potential frames of cooperation with Professor Ekaterina Antipova. It was supported by the academican Kroly Kocsis, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, director of the Geographical Research Institute, and we could also win the support of the dean Ivan Pirozhnik and the academician Vladimir Loginov from the Belarusian State University and the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, respectively. This informal cooperation became official in the autumn of 2010 in the frame of the Academic Mobility Agreement Project between the Hungarian and the Belarusian academies of sciences. Since then several publications have appeared about Hungary and Belarus in the geographic journals of both countries, however, this is the first, long awaited, significant common publication. Besides the project-based co-operations like e. g. the EastMig (www.eastmig.mtafki.hu) and the ReSEP-CEE (www.mtafki.hu/ReSEP_CEE_Be.html) supported by the Visegrad Fund, a vivid student exchange program was also launched from the autumn of 2010 between the Geographic Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and the Geographic Faculty of the Belarusian State University with the scholarship program of the Visegrad Fund. Later the Department of Economic Geography of the Corvinus University of Budapest, headed by Istvn Tzsa became also an active partner of the cooperation. The publishing expenses of this book are also fully financed by the Department of Economic Geography.
Resumo:
Hogyan juthat az ember helyes dntsekig egy adott terletre (mikroverzumra) vonatkoz mly, belsv tett tuds birtokban anlkl, hogy kvetkeztetne? Az abduktivits fogalmnak krljrsa utn t hvelykujjszablyt fogalmaz meg a szerz az abdukci mkdsrl, majd sszekapcsolja azt a vezeti munkval, tudskormnyzsi kontextusban. Ebbl kiindulva a globlis munkatrelmlet (Global Workspace Theory) alkalmazsval a vezetk vagy az organizmusknt felfogott szervezetek abduktv kapacitsnak fejlesztsi lehetsgeit vizsglja. Befejezsl egy hatlpses, a szervezeti szint abduktivitsra rkrdez specilis tudsaudit-mdszertan rvid kifejtsre vllalkozik, kt esettanulmny vzlatos bemutatsval. _____ How to make right decisions without any inferences, thanks to interiorized, deep knowledge on the given field (micro verse)? After defining the concept of abductivity, the author presents five thumbnail-like rules about the nature of abductivity, combining it with leadership aspects and knowledge governance approach. He introduces a method supporting the development of abductive capability of a leader or an organization as a whole, using the Global Works pace Theory. Finally, the author tries to briefly formulate six steps of an organization-level knowledge governance audit framework, illustrating its relevance with two short case studies.
Resumo:
A vllalatok trsadalmi felelssgvllalsa vlaszt adhat a globlis problmk megoldsra. Azzal, hogy a krnyezeti s trsadalmi gyeket zleti kategriaknt kezeli, j lehetsgeket nyitott meg a megkzelts, azonban az alapvet vltozsok mg nem rezhetk. A szerz kutatsban e tmakrt vizsglja a szemlyes vlemnyek s attitdk oldalrl. A gazdasgi rdekek elsdlegessge mellett az ismerethiny az olyan tnyez, amely szakadkot kpez az elmlet s a gyakorlat kztt. Mivel a magatartsformk megvltoztatsa idignyes kihvs, a kzeljv eredmnyei azzal biztosthatk, ha a leend dntshozk sajtossgaikat megismerve a menedzsmenteszkzket igaztjk a lehetsgekhez. A tanulmny egy tfog, empirikus kutats eredmnyei alapjn mutatja be, hogy a felsoktatsban tanulk, mint a jv vezeti, hogyan viszonyulnak a fenntarthat fejlds s a CSR krdshez. _____ The tools of corporate social responsibility (CSR) may support the solving of global problems by handling them as a business category. This expands the possibilities, but the breakthrough is still missing. The authors research activity analyses the relations from the viewpoint of personal opinions and attitudes. There is a huge lack between the theories and the practical application that can be explained by the economic interest and the deficiencies of knowledge. Since changing the behaviour is a time-consuming challenge, the focus must be on discovering the present characteristics of the future decision makers and adjusting the management methods to the results. The paper summarises the results of an empiric research that opinions and attitudes of higher education students to sustainable development and CSR.
Resumo:
A cikkben a szerzk elszr ttekintik a cafeteria-rendszer legfontosabb jellemzit (cljt, tipikus stakeholdereit s HR-stratgiai krdseit). Ezt kveten megvizsgljk, milyen talakulson ment t a bren kvli juttatsok rendszere 1996-tl az els ilyen rendszerek magyarorszgi megjelenstl napjainkig. ttekintik azt is, milyen mozgatrugk idztk el a fbb vltozsokat, s ezekhez a piaci szereplk hogyan alkalmazkodtak. Szintn vizsgljk a 2012-re vonatkoz legfbb vltozsokat, s ezek lehetsges kihatsait a cgek juttatsi politikjra, valamint elmutatnak nhny alternatvt az j felttelek kztti lehetsgekre s kihvsokra. Empirikus felmrseik tkrben kitrnek arra is, hogy fleg a szervezeti mret s kisebb rszben a tulajdonforma szignifiknsan befolysolja a cafeteria-rendszerek alkalmazst. _________ The authors review firstly the most important features of the cafeteria system (goals, typical stakeholders and strategic HR issues). Then they examine the evolution of the system of flexible benefits since 1996, the first appearance of such systems in Hungary. Authors also analyze how the main drivers caused the changes, and how the key players of the cafeteria systems adapted to these movements. The reader also can find insights about the major changes for 2012 and about the potential impact of these changes on benefit policies of Hungarian firms. The contribution shows some alternative opportunities and challenges driven by different influencing factors. They also touch upon the light of empirical surveys, that the cafeteria systems are significantly influenced to a lesser extent by the form of ownership and to a bigger extent by the organizational size.
Resumo:
The paper attempts to develop a suitable accessibility index for networks where each link has a value such that a smaller number is preferred like distance, cost, or travel time. A measure called distance sum is characterized by three independent properties: anonymity, an appropriately chosen independence axiom, and dominance preservation, which requires that a node not far to any other is at least as accessible. We argue for the need of eliminating the independence property in certain applications. Therefore generalized distance sum, a family of accessibility indices, will be suggested. It is linear, considers the accessibility of vertices besides their distances and depends on a parameter in order to control its deviation from distance sum. Generalized distance sum is anonymous and satisfies dominance preservation if its parameter meets a sufficient condition. Two detailed examples demonstrate its ability to reflect the vulnerability of accessibility to link disruptions.
