Development of an intelligent quality management system using fuzzy association rules

In order to survive in the increasingly customer-oriented marketplace, continuous quality improvement marks the fastest growing quality organization���s success. In recent years, attention has been focused on intelligent systems which have shown great promise in supporting quality control. However, only a small number of the currently used systems are reported to be operating effectively because they are designed to maintain a quality level within the specified process, rather than to focus on cooperation within the production workflow. This paper proposes an intelligent system with a newly designed algorithm and the universal process data exchange standard to overcome the challenges of demanding customers who seek high-quality and low-cost products. The intelligent quality management system is equipped with the ������distributed process mining��� feature to provide all levels of employees with the ability to understand the relationships between processes, especially when any aspect of the process is going to degrade or fail. An example of generalized fuzzy association rules are applied in manufacturing sector to demonstrate how the proposed iterative process mining algorithm finds the relationships between distributed process parameters and the presence of quality problems.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids: ionic liquid-accelerated facile synthesis of 3-alkyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones

The room temperature ionic liquid [bmim]PF6 is a new green solvent for the N-alkylation of 2,4-thiazolidinones. Significant rate enhancement and improved yields have been observed.

[Bmim]Br-3 as a new reagent for regioselective mono-bromination of activated aromatics under solvent-free conditions

Reaction of activated aromatics containing phenols, naphthol, methoxynaphthalenes, anisole etc. with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tribromide ([Bmim]Br-3) under solvent-free conditions, selectively gave the corresponding monobromination products with excellent yields.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids: ionic liquid-promoted efficient synthesis of N-alkyl and N-arylphthalimides

Phthalic anhydride reacts rapidly with Aromatic and aliphatic amines in ionic liquid [Bmim][PF6] or [Bmim][BF4] at 130 ��C to give N-aryl and N-alkylphthalimides in excellent yields.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids: Ionic liquid-promoted three-component condensation of benzotriazole with aldehyde and alcohol

1-(alpha-Alkoxyalkyl)benzotriazoles are readily synthesized from three-component condensation of benzotriazole with aldehyde and alcohol in ionic liquid [Bmim]PF6.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids: ionic liquid-promoted efficient synthesis of disubstituted and trisubstituted thioureas derivatives

In ionic liquid [Bmim][BF4], a series of disubstituted and trisubstituted thiourea derivatives were synthesized from phenyl and butyl isothiocyanate with a variety of amine in excellent yield.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids:Ionic liquid promoted Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with (2-thio)barbituric acid

The Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with (2-thio)barbituric acid proceeded efficiently in reusable ionic liquids, EAN, BmimBF4, and BmimPF6 at room temperature in the absence of any catalyst with high yields.

[bmim]Br3 as a new reagent for regioselective monobromination of arylamines under solvent-free conditions

Reaction of arylamines with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tribromide ([bmim]Br3) under solvent-free conditions, gave selectively the corresponding monobromination products with excellent, yields.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids:Gewald synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes catalyzed by ethylenediammonium diacetate

Ionic liquids based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BmimBF4) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BmimPF6) were used as reusable alternatives to volatile organic solvents (VOCs) for ethylenediammonium diacetate (EDDA) catalyzed Gewald synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes. Significant rate enhancement and improvement of the yield were observed. The ionic liquids containing catalyst EDDA were recycled several times with no decreases in yields and reaction rates.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids:A new method for the synthesis of alkyl aryl sulfones by alkylation of sodium arenesulfinates with unactivated alkyl chlorides

A new method is reported for the synthesis of alkyl aryl sulfones by alkylation of sodium arenesulfinates with unactivated alkyl chlorides using ionic liquid based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BmimBF 4) mixed with water (2:1) as reaction media. The ionic liquid can be reused and the procedure gives the sulfones in moderate yields.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids:A simple and highly regioselective N-substitution of pyrrole

In ionic liquids [Bmim][PF6] or [Bmim][BF4], pyrrole replaced the halogen atom of an alkyl halide to give the corresponding N-substituted pyrrole in excellent yield. Benzenesulfonyl chloride, p-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride and benzoyl chloride reacted similarly with pyrroles to afford the N-substituted pyrroles in quantitative yield. Michael addition reaction of pyrrole with electrophilic olefins was completed in a highly regioselective manner to afford the N-alkylpyrroles.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids: ionic liquid-promoted efficient synthesis of N-alkyl and N-arylimides

In the ionic liquids [Bmim][PF6] or [Bmim][BF4], a series of succinimide, maleimide and phthalimide derivatives were synthesized from corresponding anhydrides with a variety of primary amines in excellent yield.

Organic reactions in ionic liquids: an efficient method for the N-alkylation of benzotriazole

The N-alkylation of benzotriazole with alkyl halides proceeds efficiently in the presence of potassium hydroxide in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]).

Organic reactions in ionic liquids:An efficient method for selective S-alkylation of 2-mercaptobenzothia(xa)zole with alkyl halides

Ionic liquids based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BmimPF6) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BmimBF4) are used as reusable reaction medium in the selective S-alkylation of 2-mercaptobenzothia(xa)zole with alkyl halides in the presence of potassium carbonate. This procedure is convenient, efficient, and generally gives rise to the S-alkylated product exclusively.