3 resultados para marital rapist

em Academic Research Repository at Institute of Developing Economies


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Dowry is a common custom observed in South Asian countries. It has been a target of an opposition movement because it is assumed to be a root cause of women's mistreatment, for example, in the form of sex-selective abortion, girls' malnutrition, female infanticide, and domestic homicide called "dowry murder." Despite its alleged evil consequences and the legal ban or restrictions on it, the custom has been extended, and recently, the dowry amount seems to be increasing. However, there is little empirical evidence of dowry's effects. This study empirically investigates the effects of dowry on women's status in rural Pakistan. We conducted a unique survey in rural Punjab, Pakistan, to explore the marriage practices there and to answer the research question. Results show that a higher dowry amount enhances women’s status in the marital household. This implies that an outright ban on dowries does not necessarily improve women's welfare at this time.

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The practice of dowry is often thought to be the root cause of the unequal treatment of women in India. For women without inheritance rights, however, dowry may function as their only source of protection. Using a nationwide dataset and exploiting a natural experimental situation, this study explores the effects of dowry on women's empowerment in India, a society where women do not have inheritance rights. In such a society, dowry seems to enhance women's status in the marital household. The effects reverse when women have equal inheritance rights as their brothers. Empirical analysis suggests that the outright ban on dowry that ignores the context may not necessarily benefit women.

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ケニアのサンブル女性には、従来、みずからの結婚の時期についても相手についても、いっさい何の決定権もなく、ただ決められた結婚にしたがうという選択肢しか与えられていなかった。また、「恋愛結婚」をする人は、例外的には存在してきたが、「規範の逸脱者」としてネガティブにとらえられてきた。しかしながら近年、サンブルの結婚の形態は大きく変わりつつある。学校教育を受けた女性を中心に未婚の母となる女性が増加し、彼女らのなかには、出産後に恋愛相手と結婚する人や生涯独身をつらぬこうとする人も登場している。本稿では、サンブルの女性が、いかなる背景のもとに、どのような方法で、みずからの結婚にかんする主体性を創出しているのかを、いくつかの事例から明らかにする。