Tab. 1: Number and percentage of glacier movements in the Austrian Alps between 1890 and 1969

Since 1890 the variations of the fronts of numerous glaciers in the Eastern Alps have been measured for the Österreichischer Alpenverein. The present paper presents the results of these measurements and the percentage of advancing, retreating, and stationary glaciers as calculated for each year from the total number of glaciers measured. The measurements reveal two distinct periods of advance, i. e. one period from 1890 to 1900 with up to 47% of glaciers advancing, and one period from 1909 to 1928 with up to 75% of glaciers advancing. The period from 1928 to 1964 is marked by a strong retreat of glaciers. A comparison with the results of measurements of glaciers in the Western Alps of Switzerland shows good agreement. The behaviour of glaciers corresponds well to the climatic conditions prevailing during the summer months of the 80 years observed.

Isotope record of Nd-Sr-Pb in deep sea sediments from the Pacific (Table 2)

Pelagic clay of the east-central Pacific province is shown to be a mixture of three primary detrital components, reflecting continental source areas in Asia, North America, and Central and South America. Relative contributions from each source area are a function of geography, and this distribution appears to have remained constant over the past five million years, despite changing flux rates. A Q-mode factor analysis of downcore records for Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopes identified three factors that account for 98% of the total variance. These factors represent the radiogenic isotopic signatures of 1) late Cenozoic Asian dust, which dominates in the central North Pacific; 2) North American continental hemipelagic/eolian sources, restricted mainly to the easternmost North Pacific at ~30 °N latitude; and 3) Central and South American sources, restricted to areas east of ~100 °W longitude. South of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (~6 °N), the Asian dust signature diminishes abruptly. We conclude that late Cenozoic Asian dust sources can be isotopically differentiated downcore from both North American and South and Central American sources in the eastcentral Pacific. This approach has a utility for identifying changes in long-term Cenozoic atmospheric circulation patterns.