Data base on pelagic ciliates grazing and growth rate as a function of size, prey size and type compiled from the literature

Microzooplankton (the 20 to 200 µm size class of zooplankton) is recognised as an important part of marine pelagic ecosystems. In terms of biomass and abundance pelagic ciliates are one of the important groups of organism in microzooplankton. However, their rates - grazing and growth - , feeding behaviour and prey preferences are poorly known and understood. A set of data was assembled in order to derive a better understanding of pelagic ciliates rates, in response to parameters such as prey concentration, prey type (size and species), temperature and their own size. With these objectives, literature was searched for laboratory experiments with information on one or more of these parameters effect studied. The criteria for selection and inclusion in the database included: (i) controlled laboratory experiment with a known ciliates feeding on a known prey; (ii) presence of ancillary information about experimental conditions, used organisms - cell volume, cell dimensions, and carbon content. Rates and ancillary information were measured in units that meet the experimenter need, creating a need to harmonize the data units after collection. In addition different units can link to different mechanisms (carbon to nutritive quality of the prey, volume to size limits). As a result, grazing rates are thus available as pg C/(ciliate*h), µm**3/(ciliate*h) and prey cell/(ciliate*h); clearance rate was calculated if not given and growth rate is expressed as the growth rate per day.

Composition of basalts from the north part of the Bougault anomaly, Mid-Atlantic Ridge 15°N

A quantitative model of development of magmatic and ore-magmatic systems under crests of mid-ocean ridges is constructed. Correct physical models of melting zone formation in approximation to active spreading, non-stationary dynamics of magma intrusion from a center of generation, filling of magma chambers of various shapes, feeding of fissure-type volcanoes, and retrograde boiling of melts during solidification of intrusive bodies beneath axial zones of spreading in crests of ridges are proposed. Physicochemical and mathematical theories of disintegration of multi-component solutions, growth of liquational drops of ore melts, and sublimation of components from magmatic gases are elaborated. Methods for constructing physically correct models of heat and mass transfer in heterophase media are devised. Modeling of development of magmatic and ore-magmatic systems on the basis of the Usov-Kuznetsov facies method and the Pospelov system approach are advanced. For quantitative models numerical circuits are developed and numerical experiments are carried out.

Growth rates of Fe-Mn nodules and age and sedimentation rates of host sediments from the Southeast Pacific

Growth rates of nine ferromanganese nodules collected from the Southeast Pacific were estimated using the alpha radiogpaphic technigue. Growth rates range from 1 to 16 mm per million years. In three nodules measurements were made on two opposite sides; two of them showed no growth in one of measured directions during the last 300 ky, whereas in the third nodule growth rates on the opposite sides differ by factor 2. Average sedimentation rate of deposits underlying the nodules estimated by the radiocarbon and excess 230Th methods, were 4 mm/1000 years with rather minor variations. Difference between sedimentation rates and nodule growth rates is caused by activity of benthic fauna, as suggested by inversion of radiocarbon dates with depth.

Data compilation of dinoflagellates growth rate, grazing rate and gross gowth efficiency from field and labratory experiments

The present data compilation includes dinoflagellates growth rate, grazing rate and gross growth efficiency determined either in the field or in laboratory experiments. From the existing literature, we synthesized all data that we could find on dinoflagellates. Some sources might be missing but none were purposefully ignored. We did not include autotrophic dinoflagellates in the database, but mixotrophic organisms may have been included. This is due to the large uncertainty about which taxa are mixotrophic, heterotrophic or symbiont bearing. Field data on microzooplankton grazing are mostly comprised of grazing rate using the dilution technique with a 24h incubation period. Laboratory grazing and growth data are focused on pelagic ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates. The experiment measured grazing or growth as a function of prey concentration or at saturating prey concentration (maximal grazing rate). When considering every single data point available (each measured rate for a defined predator-prey pair and a certain prey concentration) there is a total of 801 data points for the dinoflagellates, counting experiments that measured growth and grazing simultaneously as 1 data point.

Data compilation of ciliates growth rate, grazing rate and gross gowth efficiency from field and labratory experiments

The present data compilation includes ciliates growth rate, grazing rate and gross growth efficiency determined either in the field or in laboratory experiments. From the existing literature, we synthesized all data that we could find on cilliate. Some sources might be missing but none were purposefully ignored. Field data on microzooplankton grazing are mostly comprised of grazing rate using the dilution technique with a 24h incubation period. Laboratory grazing and growth data are focused on pelagic ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates. The experiment measured grazing or growth as a function of prey concentration or at saturating prey concentration (maximal grazing rate). When considering every single data point available (each measured rate for a defined predator-prey pair and a certain prey concentration) there is a total of 1485 data points for the ciliates, counting experiments that measured growth and grazing simultaneously as 1 data point.

Description, geochemistry and growth rate of buried nodules from the Central Indian Basin

Buried nodules from siliceous sediments in the central Indian Basin are morphologically variable and mineralogically consist of d-MnO2 and incipient todorokite. Compositionally they are weakly diagenetic. The sediment coarse fractions (>63 µm) at different depths show variable abundances of micronodules, volcanic glass shards and biodebris. Dissolution of biodebris increases and abundance of micronodules decreases with increasing depth. Enrichment in Mn, Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, together with a decrease in organic carbon in the sediment column, may result from diagenetic metal remobilization. Diagenetically remobilized trace metals might have been utilized for the growth of micronodules over the buried nodules.