206 resultados para diopside


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At Site 462 in the Nauru Basin, western Pacific Ocean, 56 lithologic units have been recovered from an extensive flood basalt province. Fossil evidence suggests that the lavas were emplaced during the interval 100-115 Ma, some 30 m.y. after formation of the underlying Jurassic ocean crust. The lithologic units can be broadly divided into three chemical units, the lowermost two of which are chemically monotonous, suggesting rapid eruption of basalt from a compositionally homogeneous magma chamber. All the basalts are hypersthene- (hy-) rich tholeiites, with approximately chondritic La/Sm, La/Yb, Zr/Nb, La/Ta, and Th/Hf ratios. Chemically they resemble, in part, "transitional" mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) from areas such as the Reykjanes Ridge, although Rb, Ba, and K contents are very low and similar to those of "normal" MORB. Their 87Sr/86Sr ratios are higher than in N-type MORB (Fujii et al., 1981). The chemistry of the Nauru basalts differs from that of continental flood basalts, which tend to be strongly enriched in large-ion lithophile (LIL) elements, although the extent to which the differences result from sialic contamination or source variability is not clear.

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In ganz Norddeutschland werden bei jeder tieferen Bohrung bis zu mehrere 100 m maechtige Schichten des Diluviums durchbohrt, die aus scheinbar voellig unregelmäßigen Folgen von Sand, Kies und Geschiebemergel bestehen. Diese Absätze lassen sich in den meisten Fällen mit den bisherigen Methoden nicht weiter untergliedern. Aus besonders günstigen Aufschlüssen und Profilen ist bekannt, daß mindestens drei Vereisungen während des Diluviums über das norddeutsche Flachland hinweggegangen sind. Wenn in den Bohrungen nicht zufällig sichere Interglazialschichten auftreten, was äußerst selten der Fall ist, so ist es also im allgemeinen nicht möglich, das erbohrte Diluvium auf die drei bekannten Vereisungen aufzuteilen. Es besteht für Tagesaufschlüsse im Diluvium durch die Geschiebezählmethode nach Milthers, Heesemann u. a. wenigstens eine Möglichkeit, stratigraphische Einordnungen vorzunehmen. Arbeitsmethoden und Ergebnisse der Geschiebezählmethode sollen hier jedoch nicht näher besprochen werden. Dreimanis 1936 gibt eine Methode an, um aus Bohrproben durch Zählungen der Mineralkörner der Grobsand- und Feinkiesfraktionen Anhaltspunkte für vergleichende stratigraphische Untersuchungen zu gewinnen.

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Large amounts of dust responsible for bright colors of atmospheric precipitation in the temperate, subpolar and polar zones of the northern hemisphere have been rarely observed. In the twentieth century and in the beginning of the twenty first century in the Northern European Russia such events were not registered up to March 25-26, 2008. At that time in some parts of the Arkhangel'sk region, Komi Republic, and Nenets Autonomous Area atmospheric precipitation as sleet and rain responsible for sand- and saffron colors of ice crust formation on the snow surface was observed. During detailed mineralogical, geochemical, pollen, diatom and meteorological investigations it was established that semidesert and steppe regions of the Northwest Kazakhstan, Volgograd and Astrakhan' regions, and Kalmykia are the main sources of the yellow dust.