Consolidation properties and permeability values of sediments from three ODP Leg 205 sites

Vertical permeability and sediment consolidation measurements were taken on seven whole-round drill cores from Sites 1253 (three samples), 1254 (one sample), and 1255 (three samples) drilled during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 205 in the Middle America Trench off of Costa Rica's Pacific Coast. Consolidation behavior including slopes of elastic rebound and virgin compression curves (Cc) was measured by constant rate of strain tests. Permeabilities were determined from flow-through experiments during stepped-load tests and by using coefficient of consolidation (Cv) values continuously while loading. Consolidation curves and the Casagrande method were used to determine maximum preconsolidation stress. Elastic slopes of consolidation curves ranged from 0.097 to 0.158 in pelagic sediments and 0.0075 to 0.018 in hemipelagic sediments. Cc values ranged from 1.225 to 1.427 for pelagic carbonates and 0.504 to 0.826 for hemipelagic clay-rich sediments. In samples consolidated to an axial stress of ~20 MPa, permeabilities determined by flow-through experiments ranged from a low value of 7.66 x 10**-20 m**2 in hemipelagic sediments to a maximum value of 1.03 x 10**-16 m**2 in pelagic sediments. Permeabilities calculated from Cv values in the hemipelagic sediments ranged from 4.81 x 10**-16 to 7.66 x 10**-20 m**2 for porosities 49.9%-26.1%.

Fish migrations in the Barents Sea

Results of marking of haddock, pollack, Greenland halibut, plaice, and blue sea cat are discussed. Their seasonal migrations underwent drastic changes between the 1930s and 1960s to 1970s after cooling in the Barents Sea.