Größenentwicklung von Containerschiffen und Auswirkung auf die intermodale Transportkette

Gegenstand des vorliegenden Beitrages ist eine Methode zur Kosten- und Leistungsbewertung von Containerschiffen als Transportmittel des Hauptlaufes in intermodalen Transportketten für ISO-Container. Anlass bildet die permanente Größenentwicklung der Containerschiffe und die daraufhin ausgerichtete Infrastruktur- und Transportkettenentwicklung im Vor- und Nachlauf, die nicht risikofrei zu beurteilen ist. Mit der vorgestellten Methode wird deutlich, dass die Erfolgs- bzw. Misserfolgsfaktoren der Großcontainerschiffe fast nur noch in den Häfen und deren Hinterlandanbindungen zu suchen sind.

Hands-Free Navigation in Immersive Environments for the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Indoor Navigation Systems

While navigation systems for cars are in widespread use, only recently, indoor navigation systems based on smartphone apps became technically feasible. Hence tools in order to plan and evaluate particular designs of information provision are needed. Since tests in real infrastructures are costly and environmental conditions cannot be held constant, one must resort to virtual infrastructures. This paper presents the development of an environment for the support of the design of indoor navigation systems whose center piece consists in a hands-free navigation method using the Microsoft Kinect in the four-sided Definitely Affordable Virtual Environment (DAVE). Navigation controls using the user's gestures and postures as the input to the controls are designed and implemented. The installation of expensive and bulky hardware like treadmills is avoided while still giving the user a good impression of the distance she has traveled in virtual space. An advantage in comparison to approaches using a head mounted display is that the DAVE allows the users to interact with their smartphone. Thus the effects of different indoor navigation systems can be evaluated already in the planning phase using the resulting system