Generalizability and Applicability of Model-Based Business Process Compliance-Checking Approaches – A State-of-the-Art Analysis and Research Roadmap

With a steady increase of regulatory requirements for business processes, automation support of compliance management is a field garnering increasing attention in Information Systems research. Several approaches have been developed to support compliance checking of process models. One major challenge for such approaches is their ability to handle different modeling techniques and compliance rules in order to enable widespread adoption and application. Applying a structured literature search strategy, we reflect and discuss compliance-checking approaches in order to provide an insight into their generalizability and evaluation. The results imply that current approaches mainly focus on special modeling techniques and/or a restricted set of types of compliance rules. Most approaches abstain from real-world evaluation which raises the question of their practical applicability. Referring to the search results, we propose a roadmap for further research in model-based business process compliance checking.

How to Improve the Production Process for interactive TV with semi-formal Methods

The central question for this paper is how to improve the production process by closing the gap between industrial designers and software engineers of television(TV)-based User Interfaces (UI) in an industrial environment. Software engineers are highly interested whether one UI design can be converted into several fully functional UIs for TV products with different screen properties. The aim of the software engineers is to apply automatic layout and scaling in order to speed up and improve the production process. However, the question is whether a UI design lends itself for such automatic layout and scaling. This is investigated by analysing a prototype UI design done by industrial designers. In a first requirements study, industrial designers had created meta-annotations on top of their UI design in order to disclose their design rationale for discussions with software engineers. In a second study, five (out of ten) industrial designers assessed the potential of four different meta-annotation approaches. The question was which annotation method industrial designers would prefer and whether it could satisfy the technical requirements of the software engineering process. One main result is that the industrial designers preferred the method they were already familiar with, which therefore seems to be the most effective one although the main objective of automatic layout and scaling could still not be achieved.

The MIRELA framework: modeling and analyzing mixed reality applications using timed automata

Mixed Reality (MR) aims to link virtual entities with the real world and has many applications such as military and medical domains [JBL+00, NFB07]. In many MR systems and more precisely in augmented scenes, one needs the application to render the virtual part accurately at the right time. To achieve this, such systems acquire data related to the real world from a set of sensors before rendering virtual entities. A suitable system architecture should minimize the delays to keep the overall system delay (also called end-to-end latency) within the requirements for real-time performance. In this context, we propose a compositional modeling framework for MR software architectures in order to specify, simulate and validate formally the time constraints of such systems. Our approach is first based on a functional decomposition of such systems into generic components. The obtained elements as well as their typical interactions give rise to generic representations in terms of timed automata. A whole system is then obtained as a composition of such defined components. To write specifications, a textual language named MIRELA (MIxed REality LAnguage) is proposed along with the corresponding compilation tools. The generated output contains timed automata in UPPAAL format for simulation and verification of time constraints. These automata may also be used to generate source code skeletons for an implementation on a MR platform. The approach is illustrated first on a small example. A realistic case study is also developed. It is modeled by several timed automata synchronizing through channels and including a large number of time constraints. Both systems have been simulated in UPPAAL and checked against the required behavioral properties.

Model Driven Architecture (MDA): Integration and Model Reuse for Open Source eLearning Platforms

Open Source (OS) community offers numerous eLearning platforms of both types: Learning Management Systems (LMS) and Learning Content Systems (LCS). General purpose OS intermediaries such as SourceForge, ObjectWeb, Apache or specialized intermediaries like CampusSource reduce the cost to locate such eLearning platforms. Still, it is impossible to directly compare the functionalities of those OS software products without performing detailed testing on each product. Some articles available from eLearning Wikipedia show comparisons between eLearning platforms which can help, but at the end they barely serve as documentation which are becoming out of date quickly [1]. The absence of integration activities between OS eLearning platforms - which are sometimes quite similar in terms of functionalities and implementation technologies - is sometimes critical since most of the OS projects possess small financial and human resources. This paper shows a possible solution for these barriers of OS eLearning platforms. We propose the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) concept to capture functionalities and to identify similarities between available OS eLearning platforms. This contribution evolved from a fruitful discussion at the 2nd CampusSource Developer Conference at the University of Muenster (27th August 2004).

Simulationsgestützte Entwicklung eines Lenkkonzeptes für Routenzüge

Schleppzüge haben für den innerbetrieblichen Materialtransport in den letzten Jahren stark an Bedeutung gewonnen. Wichtige Eigenschaften sind die Manövrierbarkeit und die Spurtreue, da sie maßgeblich den Flächenbedarf bestimmen. In diesem Beitrag wird das Nachlaufverhalten von Schleppzügen, die sich durch ihr Fahrwerks- und Lenkkonzept unterscheiden, untersucht sowie eine neue Lenkkinematik vorgestellt. Um die Spurtreue der verschiedenen Konzepte objektiv vergleichen zu können, werden zunächst Fahrmanöver und ein Gütekriterium definiert, so dass die Abweichungen von der Spurtreue quantitativ beschrieben und verglichen werden können. Mit einem in diesem Beitrag vorgestellten analytischen Modell können bereits für die stationäre Kreisfahrt wichtige Aus-sagen über die Spurabweichungen getroffen werden. Zu-sätzlich werden Simulationen durchgeführt, die eine tiefere physikalische Modellierung und die Untersuchung komple-xerer Fahrmanöver erlauben. Außerdem wird dargestellt, dass auch die Art des Fahrmanövers Einfluss auf die Spurabweichung hat. Fahrwerks- und Lenkkonzepte, die bei stationärer Kreisfahrt ein sehr gutes Nachlaufverhalten aufweisen und bisher als spurtreu bezeichnet wurden, zeigen beim Ein- oder Ausfahren aus der Kurve zum Teil erhebliche Spurabweichungen. Mit diesen Erkenntnissen wird ein neues Lenkkonzept vorgestellt, das sich insbesondere durch einen sehr einfachen Aufbau sowie eine hohe Spurtreue auszeichnet.