Pipes in Steel Ingots as Exemplified by Casting Wax

This paper presents some experimental data on the size and position of pipes steel ingots as exemp1ified by casting wax under various conditions and noting the size and location of the pipes formed. The results tend to show that the length of the pipe is decreased by: 1. Slow casting 2. By casting large end up instead of down 3. By retarding the cooling of the top

Age Hardening of Copper-Aluminum Alloy Castings

Age hardening occurs in alloys of the solid solution type containing a hardening constituent, be it metal or metallic compound, which is more soluble in the solvent phase at higher temperatures than at lower ones.

The Effect of Boron on the Hardenability of Steel

Many attempts have been made to improve iron and steel and their alloys by the addition of boron. The re­sults obtained were not encouraging for the reason that the amount of boron used, generally from 0.2 to 2.0 per cent is altogether too high. This percentage of boron ren­ders the product hard and brittle and of late the experiments with boron in this connection have been practically abandoned.

A Study of the Action of Various Energizers in the Carburization of Steel

The object of casehardening is to produce articles of steel having a tough or ductile interior and a hard sur­face. Quenching produces a surface somewhat harder than the interior, but in order to obtain a high surface hard­ness, the percentage of alloying elements in the steel must be raised to such an extent that the core or central por­tion becomes hard and brittle also.

An Isothermal Study of an S.A.E. 6150 Steel

The purpose of this thesis is to set forth the method followed, the laboratory procedure practiced, the results obtained, the conclu­sions drawn, and the recommendations proposed as a consequence of a metallographic study of the isothermal transformation of an S.A.E. 6150 steel.