2 resultados para viraler Vektor
em BORIS: Bern Open Repository and Information System - Berna - Suiça
Resumo:
Herpes-simplex- und Varizella-zoster-Viren sind die häufigsten Ursachen viraler Keratitiden. Bei chronisch rezidivierendem Verlauf entstehen oft visuslimitierende Komplikationen. Typische Verlaufsformen sind die epitheliale Keratitis (dendritisch/geografisch), stromale Keratitis (infektiös und/oder immunologisch), Endotheliitis (disziform) und neurotrophe Keratopathie (metaherpetische Keratitis). Beim Zoster ophthalmicus kommt die Problematik der postherpetischen Neuralgie hinzu. Mit den verfügbaren Virustatika stehen potente Wirkstoffe zur Verfügung, auch zur Schubprophylaxe. Sobald immunologische Prozesse eine zentrale Rolle spielen, ist der gezielte Einsatz von topischen Kortikosteroiden oder Ciclosporin A notwendig. Der Epithelschluss kann mit Tränenersatzmitteln, Kontaktlinsen oder einer Amnionmembran-Transplantation unterstützt werden. Die Erfolgsrate von elektiven Keratoplastiken kann durch eine Langzeitprophylaxe mit systemischen Virustatika verbessert werden.
Resumo:
International trade with horses is important and continuously increasing. Therefore the risk of spread of infectious diseases is permanently present. Within this context the worldwide situation of equine vector-borne diseases and of other diseases which are notifiable to the World Organisation of Animal Health (OIE), is described. Furthermore it provides estimates of the numbers of horse movements between these countries, as well as information on import requirements and preventive measures for reducing the risk of disease spread. According to TRACES (Trade Control and Expert System of the European Union) data from 2009 and 2010 81 horses per week were imported from North America into Europe, 42 horses per week from South America, 11 horses per week from the North of Africa and the African horse sichness free-zone of South Africa, 28 per week from the Middle East and the rest of Asia and approximately 4 horses per week from Australia / Oceania. Trade within the European Union resulted amongst others in the introduction of Equine Infectious Anaemia (EIA) from Roma- nia into other European countries. Another example is the suspected case of glanders which occurred after importation of horses from Leb- anon via France and Germany into Switzerland in July 2011.