Intellectual Property and Traditional Cultural Expressions in a Digital Environment

In the face of increasing globalisation, and a collision between global communication systems and local traditions, this book offers innovative trans-disciplinary analyses of the value of traditional cultural expressions (TCE) and suggests appropriate protection mechanisms for them. It combines approaches from history, philosophy, anthropology, sociology and law, and charts previously untravelled paths for developing new policy tools and legal designs that go beyond conventional copyright models. Its authors extend their reflections to a consideration of the specific features of the digital environment, which, despite enhancing the risks of misappropriation of traditional knowledge and creativity, may equally offer new opportunities for revitalising indigenous peoples' values and provide for the sustainability of TCE.This book will appeal to scholars interested in multidisciplinary analyses of the fragmentation of international law in the field of intellectual property and traditional cultural expressions. It will also be valuable reading for those working on broader governance and human rights issues.

Rezension zu: Inge Govaere and Hanns Ulrich (eds.): Intellectual Property, Public Policy and International Trade

The contemporary intellectual property rights (IPR) system is not a simple, smoothly working block of rules but is complex and full of ambiguities, and as many argue, imperfections. Some deficits relate on the one hand to the inherent centrality of authorship, originality and mercantilism to the ‘Western’ IP model, which leaves numerous non-Western, collaborative or folkloric modes of production outside the scope of protection. On the other hand, some imperfections stem from the way IPR are granted, whereby creators acquire a temporary monopoly over their works and thus exclude the public from having access to them. In this sense, it is often uncertain whether the existent IPR model appropriately reflects the precarious balance between private and public interests, and whether the best incentives to promote creativity and innovation - the initially stated objectives of intellectual property protection - are offered. The matter becomes still more complicated when one considers that the IPR system is not domestically contained but is globalised and strongly affected by rules at the regional and international levels. The question of whether the balance between private interests and public values is sustained within the international legal framework, epitomised by the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO), is precisely the topic of the book reviewed here. Review of Intellectual Property, Public Policy, and International Trade, edited by Inge Govaere and Hanns Ullrich, P.I.E. Peter Lang, 2007.

Intellectual Property and Traditional Cultural Expressions in a Digital Environment. Preface

In the face of increasing globalisation, there is a pressing need for innovative trans-disciplinary analyses of the value of traditional cultural expressions (TCE) that also suggest appropriate protection mechanisms for them. The book to which this preface belongs combines approaches from history, philosophy, anthropology, sociology and law, and charts previously untravelled paths for developing new policy tools and legal designs that go beyond conventional copyright models. It reflects also upon the specific features of the digital environment, which, despite enhancing the risks of misappropriation of traditional knowledge and creativity, may equally offer some opportunities for revitalising indigenous peoples' values and provide for the sustainability of TCE.

E-Mail-Management und seine systemtechnische Unterstützung in der Hotellerie

Für Beherbergungsbetriebe ist E-Mail ein wichtiges Kommunikationsmedium im elektronischen Kanal geworden. Die Bedeutung von E-Mails für die Kundenkommunikation zieht die Forderung nach einem systematischen und professionellen E-Mail-Management nach sich. Derzeit tut sich die Mehrzahl der Betriebe schwer, den damit verbundenen hohen Anspruch einzulösen. Zwar werden grundlegende Anforderungen bezüglich des Antwortverhaltens mehrheitlich erfüllt, jedoch kann die Qualität der Antworten hinsichtlich Inhalt und Form in vielen Fällen nur bedingt überzeugen. Angesichts dieser Problemlage mag es überraschen, dass die Unterstützung durch Informationssysteme in diesem Zusammenhang bis jetzt keine besondere Rolle spielt. In vielen Fällen erfolgt das E-Mail-Management mithilfe des generellen E-Mail-Programms Outlook von Microsoft. Die häufig eingesetzten branchenspezifischen Property-Management-Systeme (PMS) decken die geforderten Funktionalitäten bestenfalls teilweise ab. Spezifische Informationssysteme zur Unterstützung des E-Mail-Managements - sogenannte E-Mail-Response-Management-Systeme (ERMS) - könnten bei der Entschärfung der manifesten Probleme sehr nützlich sein. Die systemtechnische Unterstützung durch ERMS wird von Praktikern jedoch mit einiger Skepsis bedacht und nur teilweise als praktisch umsetzbar und nützlich eingeschätzt.