Supported Cu(II) polymer catalysts for aqueous phenol oxidation

Supported Cu(II) polymer catalysts were used for the catalytic oxidation of phenol at 30 degrees C and atmospheric pressure using air and H(2)O(2) as oxidants. Heterogenisation of homogeneous Cu(II) catalysts was achieved by adsorption of Cu(II) salts onto polymeric matrices (poly(4-vinylpyridine), Chitosan). The catalytic active sites were represented by Cu(II) ions and showed to conserve their oxidative activity in heterogeneous catalysis as well as in homogeneous systems. The catalytic deactivation was evaluated by quantifying released Cu(II) ions in solution during oxidation, from where Cu-PVP(25) showed the best leaching levels no more than 5 mg L(-1). Results also indicated that Cu-PVP(25) had a catalytic activity (56% of phenol conversion when initial Cu(II) catalytic content was 200 mg L(Reaction)(-1)) comparable to that of commercial catalysts (59% of phenol conversion). Finally, the balance between activity and copper leaching was better represented by Cu-PVP(25) due to the heterogeneous catalytic activity had 86% performance in the heterogeneous phase, and the rest on the homogeneous phase, while Cu-PVP(2) had 59% and CuO/gamma-Al(2)O(3) 68%.

La lengua Sefardí. Aspectos lingüísticos, literarios y culturales

La presente obra contiene once artículos con distintos enfoques teóricos y metodológicos, en los que se abordan variados campos relativos a los estudios sefardíes, es decir, a esa fascinante variedad de cuño hispano que es la lengua judeoespañola y a su producción literaria, en cuyos textos se plasman aspectos de su cultura, de sus tradiciones y de su historia social. Los estudios se basan en obras producidas mayoritariamente en el ámbito de los Balcanes, a lo que hay que sumar la ciudad de Viena, y con un arco cronológico que va desde el siglo XVIII al XX. En cuanto a los temas, amén de los artículos de contenido extrictamente lingüístico, en esta obra se recogen estudios literarios sobre rabínica sefardí, prensa, coplas, teatro y narrativa.