Prediction of bone strength at the distal tibia by HR-pQCT and DXA

Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at the distal tibia, measured at the epiphysis (T-EPI) and diaphysis (T-DIA), is predictive for fracture risk. Structural bone parameters evaluated at the distal tibia by high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) displayed differences between healthy and fracture patients. With its simple geometry, T-DIA may allow investigating the correlation between bone structural parameter and bone strength.

Exploring High-resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) NMR Spectroscopy for Metabonomic Analysis of Apples

Classical liquid-state high-resolution (HR) NMR spectroscopy has proved a powerful tool in the metabonomic analysis of liquid food samples like fruit juices. In this paper the application of (1)H high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy to apple tissue is presented probing its potential for metabonomic studies. The (1)H HR-MAS NMR spectra are discussed in terms of the chemical composition of apple tissue and compared to liquid-state NMR spectra of apple juice. Differences indicate that specific metabolic changes are induced by juice preparation. The feasibility of HR-MAS NMR-based multivariate analysis is demonstrated by a study distinguishing three different apple cultivars by principal component analysis (PCA). Preliminary results are shown from subsequent studies comparing three different cultivation methods by means of PCA and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) of the HR-MAS NMR data. The compounds responsible for discriminating organically grown apples are discussed. Finally, an outlook of our ongoing work is given including a longitudinal study on apples.

New cephalosporins cefotaxime, cefpimizole, BMY 28142, and HR 810 in experimental pneumococcal meningitis in rabbits

Four new cephalosporins, cefotaxime, cefpimizole (U 63196E), BMY 28142, and HR 810 were evaluated in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. Cefotaxime penetrated only moderately into the cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with meningitis, whereas cefpimizole, BMY 28142, and HR 810 all exhibited unusually good penetration. The bactericidal activity in infected cerebrospinal fluid was comparable for the four drugs.