Der Glaube versetzt Berge! Sozialpsychologische Effekter der Suche nach der Gerechtigkeit Gottes

Mit Kuno verbindet mich nicht allein das lnteresse an einer Theorie der Religion (Füssel, Huber, & Walpen, 1990). Mit dieser allerdings habe ich mich in den letztenJahren am intensivsten auseinandergesetzt. Daher erscheint es mir sinnvoll, zu dieser Thematik meinen Beitrag zu seiner Festschrift zu leisten. Kurzgefasst geht es darin um prosoziale Effekte religiôser Konstruktsysteme. Es lasst sich namlich zeigen, dass sie einen ideologischen Mechanismus zu neutralisieren vermôgen, wenn sie einen determinierenden Einfluss auf das Verhalten ausüben. Dabei spielt der Glaube, der nach einem allseits bekannten Diktum sogar Berge versetzen kann, eine entscheidende Rolle. Daher lese ich in dem Oberthema der Festschrift einen «Genitivus subjectivus». Es lautet dann: Suchet zuerst die Gerechtigkeit, die Gott realisiert bzw. realisieren wird. lch beginne mit der Darstellung einer sozialpsychologischen Theorie, die zu erklaren versucht, warum Menschen, die von einem ungerechten Ereignis getroffen werden, zu allem Überfluss auch noch die Schuld daran in die Schuhe geschoben bekommen. ln einem zweiten Schritt definiere ich, was ich unter religiôsen Konstruktsystemen verstehe und wie sie in sozialwissenschaftlichen Studien gemessen werden kônnen. Darauf aufbauend versuche ich zu prazisieren, wie religiôse Konstruktsysteme den Mechanismus der Schuldzuschreibung beeinflussen. Dazu greife ich aufDaten zurück, die ich 1999 in einer eigenen Untersuchung mit einer reprasentativen Stichprobe von Studierenden der Universitat Freiburg im Uechtland erhoben habe.

Osseointegration of titanium implants functionalised with phosphoserine-tethered poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons: a comparative study with traditional surface treatments in sheep

The aim of this study was to analyse the osseointegrative potential of phosphoserine-tethered dendrons when applied as surface functionalisation molecules on titanium implants in a sheep model after 2 and 8 weeks of implantation. Uncoated and dendron-coated implants were implanted in six sheep. Sandblasted and etched (SE) or porous additive manufactured (AM) implants with and without additional dendron functionalisation (SE-PSD; AM-PSD) were placed in the pelvic bone. Three implants per group were examined histologically and six implants were tested biomechanically. After 2 and 8 weeks the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) total values of SE implants (43.7 ± 12.2; 53.3 ± 9.0 %) and SE-PSD (46.7 ± 4.5; 61.7 ± 4.9 %) as well as AM implants (20.49 ± 5.1; 43.9 ± 9.7 %) and AM-PSD implants (19.7 ± 3.5; 48.3 ± 15.6 %) showed no statistically significant differences. For SE-PSD and AM-PSD a separate analysis of only the cancellous BIC demonstrated a statistically significant difference after 2 and 8 weeks. Biomechanical findings proved the overall increased stability of the porous implants after 8 weeks. Overall, the great effect of implant macro design on osseointegration was further supported by additional phosphoserine-tethered dendrons for SE and AM implants.

Pulmonary hypoplasia and anasarca syndrome in Cika cattle

BACKGROUND: Hydrops foetalis is defined as excessive fluid accumulation within the foetal extravascular compartments and body cavities. It has been described in human and veterinary medicine, but despite several descriptive studies its aetiology is still not fully clarified. Pulmonary hypoplasia and anasarca (PHA) syndrome is a rare congenital abnormality in cattle that is characterised by hydrops foetalis including extreme subcutaneous oedema (anasarca) and undeveloped or poorly formed lungs (pulmonary hypoplasia). Until now, sporadic cases of PHA were reported in cattle breeds like Australian Dexter, Belted Galloway, Maine-Anjou, and Shorthorn. This report describes the first known cases of PHA syndrome in Slovenian Cika cattle. CASE PRESENTATION: A 13-year-old cow aborted a male calf in the seventh month of pregnancy, while a male calf was delivered by caesarean section on the due date from a 14-year-old cow. The pedigree analysis showed that the calves were sired by the same bull, the dams were paternal half-sisters and the second calf was the product of a dam-son mating. Gross lesions were similar in both cases and characterized by severe anasarca, hydrothorax, hydropericardium, ascites, hypoplastic lungs, absence of lymph nodes, and an enlarged heart. The first calf was also athymic. Histopathology of the second affected calf confirmed severe oedema of the subcutis and interstitium of the organs, and pulmonary hypoplasia. The lymph vessels in the subcutis and other organs were severely dilated. Histopathology of the second calf revealed also lack of bronchus associated lymphoid tissue and adrenal gland hypoplasia. CONCLUSIONS: The findings were consistent with known forms of the bovine PHA syndrome. This is the first report of the PHA syndrome occurring in the local endangered breed of Cika cattle. Observed inbreeding practice supports that this lethal defect most likely follows an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. In the light of the disease phenotype it is assumed that a mutation causing an impaired development of lymph vessels is responsible for the hydrops foetalis associated malformations in bovine PHA.