Die Mehrstimmige Messe im ‘Goldenen Jahrhundert’. Überlieferung und Repertoirebildung in Quellen aus Spanien und Portugal (ca. 1490-1630)

Das Studium der Überlieferung und Repertoirbildung gibt über die Art der Nutzung von musikalischen Werken Aufschluss. Im iberischen Raum wurde im 16. Jh. das internationale Messenrepertoire aus Italien und Flamen ausgiebig genutzt, doch waren die kommerziellen Wege für die Beziehung wichtiger als politische Allianzen.

Mehrstimmige Messen in Quellen aus Spanien, Portugal und Lateinamerika (ca.1490–1630)

Der Katalog inventarisiert alle erhaltenen und dokumentierten Quellen zwischen 1490 und 1630 aus dem iberischen und Lateinamerikanischen Raum, die mehrstimmige Ordinariumskompositionen, Requiemskompositionen oder Einzelsätze überliefern mit Quellenbeschreibung und Inhaltsangabe.

Ubiquitin-specific protease USP2-45 acts as a molecular switch to promote α2δ-1-induced downregulation of Ca v1.2 channels

Availability of voltage-gated calcium channels (Cav) at the plasma membrane is paramount to maintaining the calcium homeostasis of the cell. It is proposed that the ubiquitylation/de-ubiquitylation balance regulates the density of ion channels at the cell surface. Voltage-gated calcium channels Cav1.2 have been found to be ubiquitylated under basal conditions both in vitro and in vivo. In a previous study, we have shown that Cav1.2 channels are ubiquitylated by neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4 (Nedd4-1) ubiquitin ligases, but the identity of the counterpart de-ubiquitylating enzyme remained to be elucidated. Regarding sodium and potassium channels, it has been reported that the action of the related isoform Nedd4-2 is counteracted by the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) 2-45. In this study, we show that USP 2-45 also de-ubiquitylates Cav channels. We co-expressed USPs and Cav1.2 channels together with the accessory subunits β2 and α2δ-1, in tsA-201 and HEK-293 mammalian cell lines. Using whole-cell current recordings and surface biotinylation assays, we show that USP2-45 specifically decreases both the amplitude of Cav currents and the amount of Cav1.2 subunits inserted at the plasma membrane. Importantly, co-expression of the α2δ-1 accessory subunit is necessary to support the effect of USP2-45. We further show that USP2-45 promotes the de-ubiquitylation of both Cav1.2 and α2δ-1 subunits. Remarkably, α2δ-1, but not Cav1.2 nor β2, co-precipitated with USP2-45. These results suggest that USP2-45 binding to α2δ-1 promotes the de-ubiquitylation of both Cav1.2 and α2δ-1 subunits, in order to regulate the expression of Cav1.2 channels at the plasma membrane.

Vapnikite Ca<SUB>3UO6 – a new double-perovskite mineral from pyrometamorphic larnite rocks of the Jabel Harmun, Palestinian Autonomy, Israel

The new mineral species vapnikite, Ca3UO6, was found in larnite pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Formation at Jabel Harmun in the Judean desert, Palestinian Autonomy, Israel. Vapnikite is an analogue of the synthetic ordered double-perovskite β-Ca3UO6 and is isostructural with the natural fluorperovskite – cryolite Na3AlF6. Vapnikite Ca3UO6 (P21/n,Z = 2, a = 5.739(1), b = 5.951(1), c = 8.312(1) Å, β = 90.4(1)°, V = 283.9(1) Å3) forms yellow-brown xenomorphic grains with a strong vitreous lustre. Small grains up to 20 – 30 m m in size are wedged between larnite, brownmillerite and ye'elimite. Vapnikite has irregular fracture, cleavage and parting were not observed. The calculated density is 5.322 g cm–3, the microhardness is VHN25 = 534 kg mm–2 (mean of seven measurements) corresponding to the hardness of ~5 on the Mohs scale. The crystal structure of vapnikite Ca3UO6 differs from that of its synthetic analogue β-Ca3UO6 by having a larger degree of Ca, U disorder. Vapnikite formed at the high-temperature retrograde stage of pyrometamorphism when larnite rocks were altered by fluids/melts of high alkalinity.

Stabilisation of precipitates of pedogenic dissolved organic matter by multivalent cations

Purpose Precipitation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by multivalent cations is important for biogeochemical cycling of organic carbon. We investigated to which extent cation bridges are involved in DOM precipitation and how cross-links by cations and water molecule bridges (WaMB) stabilise the matrix of precipitated DOM. Materials and methods DOM was precipitated from the aqueous extract of a forest floor layer adding solutions of Ca(NO3)2, Al(NO3)3 and Pb(NO3)2 with different initial metal cation/C (Me/C) ratios. Precipitates were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry before and after ageing to detect cation bridges, WaMB and restructuring of supramolecular structure. Results and discussion Twenty-five to sixty-seven per cent of the dissolved organic carbon was precipitated. The precipitation efficiency of cations increased in the order Ca < Al < Pb, while the cation content of precipitates increased in the order Pb < Ca < Al. The different order and the decrease in the WaMB transition temperature (T*) for Al/C > 3 is explained by additional formation of small AlOOH particles. Thermal analysis indicated WaMB and their disruption at T* of 53–65 °C. Like cation content, T* increased with increasing Me/C ratio and in the order Ca < Pb < Al for low Me/C. This supports the general assumption that cross-linking ability increases in the order Ca < Pb < Al. The low T* for high initial Me/C suggests less stable and less cross-linked precipitates than for low Me/C ratios. Conclusions Our results suggest a very similar thermal behaviour of OM bound in precipitates compared with soil organic matter and confirms the relevance of WaMB in stabilisation of the supramolecular structure of cation-DOM precipitates. Thus, stabilisation of the supramolecular structure of the DOM precipitates is subjected to dynamics in soils.

The Lord of Heaven in the Inner Chambers: Jesuits, Women, and Domestic Christianity (ca. 1580-1690)

The study focuses on gender norms and practices in Chinese Christian communities established by Jesuit missionary activity during the long seventeenth century. It analyzes how European and Chinese gender norms and practices affected each other in the context of the Sino-Western cultural contact initiated by the missionaries. The thesis consists of two parts. First, it analyzes the ways in which European Jesuits engaged with Chinese gender relations in the course of their mission in China. The study demonstrates that the Jesuits’ adoption of the Chinese scholar-gentry’s habitus entailed a partial adaptation to Confucian gender norms. The latter placed great emphasis on gender segregation and therefore discouraged direct communication between missionaries and Chinese women. This resulted in the emergence of organizational and devotional arrangements of Christian communities specific to China. Second, the study discusses Chinese Christian women's religious culture that emerged in the absence of a strong missionary presence among female devotees. It points out that Chinese Christian women created their own ritual culture and religious sociability in the domestic context, and that they actively took part in shaping Chinese Christianity as masters of domestic rituals.

TIMS measurements of full range of natural Ca isotopes with internally consistent fractionation correction

This study presents static measurements of the Ca isotopic composition of standard reference materials SRM 915 a/b on a Triton Plus™ thermal ionization mass spectrometer with a specially developed Faraday cup array allowing simultaneous measurement of 40Ca and 48Ca. The total amount of Ca in all analyses was kept < 1 µg. With this setup the measurement uncertainties were 0.06 ‰ for 40Ca/44Ca and 0.12 ‰ for 48Ca/40Ca. Measuring all isotopes simultaneously better allows to test the internal consistency of different Ca isotope abundances reported in the literature. The exponential law was observed to correct incompletely instrumental mass fractionation. An improved fractionation correction based on the exponential law is proposed. It changes the 40Ca/44Ca ratio of SRM 915a (corrected relative to 42Ca/44Ca = 0.31221; 48Ca/44Ca = 0.08871) from 47.1635 ± 0.0028 to 47.1649 ± 0.0047. The measurements of SRM 915b were performed with different analytical conditions (runs were prolonged till complete filament load depletion). Even if the 40Ca/44Ca ratio of SRM 915b, when corrected with the simple exponential law, appears different (47.1532 ± 0.0038) from that of SRM 915a, it becomes coincident (47.1613 ± 0.0028) when corrected with a second-order refinement. This supports the use of the improved exponential law to obtain internally consistent Ca isotope ratio for natural samples.