420 resultados para Kellerman, Fritz


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Zeit ist in der öffentlichen Diskussion über Erziehung eine konstitu tive Bestimmung. Dabei wird sie sehr unterschiedlich gefasst: Erziehung wird verstanden als ein Prozess, der zeitlich konsekutiv geordnet werden muss. Es wird aber auch von einer Erziehungszeit der Eltern gesprochen und von der Schulzeit im Lebenslauf. Unterricht und Didaktik verlangen von den Lehrpersonen ein Zeitmanagement. Über Schulanfang, Schul ende und Dauer der Schulzeit wird politisch debattiert. Aber weit dar über hinaus werden Erziehung und Bildung selbst zum Instrument, mit dem in der Gegenwart die Zukunft, die Zeit des einzelnen Menschen und sogar der ganzen Gesellschaft berechenbar werden sollen. Trotz dieser Zentralität der Dimension «Zeit» ist die theoretische Diskussion darüber wenig entwickelt. Der vorliegende Band diskutiert aus soziologischen, pädagogisch-psychologischen und historischen Perspektiven die Zeit dimensionen von Erziehung.

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Knowledge about segmental flexibility in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is crucial for a better biomechanical understanding, particularly for the development of fusionless, growth-guiding techniques. Currently, there is lack of data in this field. The objective of this study was, therefore, to compute segmental flexibility indices (standing angle minus corrected angle/standing angle). We compared segmental disc angles in 76 preoperative sets of standing and fulcrum-bending radiographs of thoracic curves (paired, two-tailed t tests, p < 0.05). The mean standing Cobb angle was 59.7 degrees (range 41.3 degrees -95 degrees ) and the flexibility index of the curve was 48.6\% (range 16.6-78.8\%). The disc angles showed symmetric periapical distribution with significant decrease (all p values <0.0001) for every cephalad (+) and caudad (-) level change. The periapical levels +1 and -1 wedged at 8.3 degrees and 8.7 degrees (range 3.5 degrees -14.8 degrees ), respectively. All angles were significantly smaller on the-bending views (p values <0.0001). We noted mean periapical flexibility indices of 46\% (+1), 49\% (-1), 57\% (+2) and 81\% (-2), which were significantly less (p < 0.001) than for the group of remote levels 105\% (+3), 149\% (-3), 231\% (+4) and 300\% (-4). The discal and bony wedging was 60 and 40\%, respectively, and mean values 35 degrees and 24 degrees (p < 0.0001). Their relationship with the Cobb angle showed a moderate correlation (r = 0.56 and 0.45). Functional, radiographic analysis of idiopathic thoracic scoliosis revealed significant, homogenous segmental tethering confined to four periapical levels. Future research will aim at in vivo segmental measurements in three planes under defined load to provide in-depth data for novel therapeutic strategies.

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We found that pulse pressure variation (PPV) did not predict volume responsiveness in patients with increased pulmonary artery pressure. This study tests the hypothesis that PPV does not predict fluid responsiveness during an endotoxin-induced acute increase in pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular loading.

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