Prevalence of nasal colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in children a multicenter cross-sectional study

In this cross-sectional multicenter study, we determined the rate of nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in children admitted to 9 training hospitals in Switzerland during 1 month. From 1337 patients, 1363 nasal swabs were obtained (mean age 6.1 years, median 4.7 years, interquartile range 1.3-10.4 years) and 562 (41.3%) grew S. aureus. Only one isolate was MRSA (0.18%) which encoded mecA and femA genes as well as SCCmec type IV, whereas Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) was absent.

A randomized clinical trial of mupirocin in the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in human immunodeficiency virus disease

Seventy-six human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage were randomized to treatment groups receiving intranasal mupirocin or placebo twice daily for 5 days. Nasal cultures for S. aureus were obtained at 1, 2, 6, and 10 weeks after therapy. At 1 week, 88% of mupirocin-treated patients had negative nasal cultures compared with 8% in placebo patients (P<.001). The percentage of mupirocin-treated patients with persistently negative nasal cultures decreased over time (63%, 45%, and 29% at 2, 6, and 10 weeks, respectively) but remained significantly greater than the placebo group (3% at 2, 6, and 10 weeks). In mupirocin-treated patients, most (16/19) instances of nasal recolonization were with pretreatment strains (determined by means of by pulsed field gel electrophoresis); mupirocin resistance was not observed. Five days of treatment with mupirocin eliminated S. aureus nasal carriage in HIV-infected patients for several weeks; however, since the effect waned over time, intermittent dosing regimens should be considered for long-term eradication.

Nasal acinic cell carcinoma in a cat

This case report describes the clinical, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-related, and pathologic features of a nasal acinic cell carcinoma in a cat. A 16-year-old, castrated male, oriental shorthaired cat, weighing 3.8 kg, was presented with history of sneezing, coughing, and nasal discharge persisting several months. Evaluation by MRI revealed an heterogeneous, space-occupying lesion that filled the left nasal cavity and was diagnosed by histopathologic examination as an acinic cell carcinoma arising from a minor salivary gland of the nasal cavity. Acinic cell carcinoma is a rare tumor in veterinary medicine. The tumor is composed mainly of cells resembling serous cells of salivary glands and originates from major or minor salivary glands. Clinicians and pathologists should be aware of the occurrence of acinic cell carcinoma in the sinonasal tract and include the tumor in the differential diagnosis of feline nasal diseases.

[Nasal polyps and osteolyses]

A 38-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of progressive leg pain. An x-ray film of both tibial bones showed multiple osteolysis. At the same time, nasal polyps were present. A biopsy of the tibial bone remained unclear. A carcinoma was not found. A biopsy of the nasal polyps revealed a Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease.

A multicenter, cross-sectional study on the prevalence and risk factors for nasal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in patients admitted to children's hospitals in Switzerland

The rate of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and associated risk factors were determined in a cross-sectional study involving Swiss children's hospitals. S. aureus was isolated in 562 of 1363 cases. In a stepwise multivariate analysis, the variables age, duration of antibiotic use, and hospitalization of a household member were independently associated with carriage of S. aureus.

Left renal vein entrapment: a frequent feature in children with postural proteinuria

In most Asian subjects with postural proteinuria, ultrasonic imaging and Doppler flow scanning disclose entrapment of the left renal vein in the fork between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. Little information is available on the possible occurrence of left venal rein entrapment in European subjects with postural proteinuria. Renal ultrasound with Doppler flow imaging was therefore performed on 24 Italian or Swiss patients with postural proteinuria (14 girls and ten boys, aged between 5.2 years and 16 years). Signs of aorto-mesenteric left renal vein entrapment were noted in 18 of the 24 subjects. In conclusion, aorto-mesenteric left renal vein entrapment is common also among European subjects with postural proteinuria.