Tuberculosis in early medieval Switzerland - osteological and molecular evidence

Lesions consistent with skeletal tuberculosis were found in 13 individuals from an early medieval skeletal sample from Courroux (Switzerland). One case of Pott’s disease as well as lytic lesions in vertebrae and joints, rib lesions, and endocranial new bone formation were identified. Three individuals with lesions and one without were tested for the presence of MTBC aDNA, and in two cases, evidence for MTBC aDNA was detected. Our results suggest the presence of tuberculosis in the analyzed material which is in accordance with other osteological and biomolecular research that reported high prevalence of tuberculosis in medieval skeletons.

Religion as Social Reality. A Take on the Emic–Etic Debate in Light of John Searle’s Philosophy of Society

In this article I argue that the shift from a private to a public–social understanding of religion raises new ontological and epistemological questions for the scientific study of religion\s. These questions are deeply related to three central features of the emic– etic debate, namely the problems of intentionality, objectivity, and comparison. Focusing on these interrelated issues, I discuss the potential of John Searle’s philoso- phy of society for the scientific study of religion\s. Considering the role of intentional- ity at the social level, I present Searle’s concept of “social ontology” and discuss its epistemological implications. To clarify Searle’s position regarding the objectivity of the social sciences, I propose a heuristic model contrasting different stances within the scientific study of religion\s. Finally, I explore some problematic aspects of Searle’s views for a comparative study of religion\s, and sketch a solution within his frame- work. I shall argue that a distinction between the epistemological and ontological dimensions of religious affairs would help clarify the issues at stake in the past and future of the emic–etic debate.

Dramas of Recognition: Philosophy as Literary History

Offers a critique of the concept of recognition (Honneth, Fraser), arguing that, from a literary-historical perspective, it connstitutes a step back behing modernism toward the agenda of Realism.

The Medieval Quiet Period

For several centuries in early Medieval times the climate system was relatively unperturbed by natural forcing factors, resulting in a unique period of climate stability. We argue that this represents a reference state for the Common Era, well before anthropogenic forcing became the dominant driver of the climate system.

Gottes Werk und Adams Beitrag; Formen der Interaktion zwischen Mensch und Gott im Mittelalter

Der Band eröffnet die neue Reihe des Mediävistenverbandes, in der interdisziplinäre Studien aus dem Bereich der Mittelalterforschung veröffentlicht werden. Er dokumentiert ausgewählte Beiträge des 14. Symposiums des Verbandes, das vom 27. bis 31. März 2011 in Jena stattfand. Im Zentrum stehen die mehr oder weniger expliziten Verhältnisbestimmungen des Menschen zu Gott, von denen die monotheistische mittelalterliche Welt in all ihren Bereichen geprägt ist, im Christentum ebenso wie in Islam und Judentum. Dabei geht es um die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Gott und Mensch, Gottesbild und Menschenbild, Schöpfer und Kreatur sowie göttlicher und menschlicher Schöpfung beziehungsweise Schöpferkraft. Beiträge aus Literatur-, Musik- und Kunstwissenschaft reflektieren unterschiedliche Formen der Kommunikation zwischen Mensch und Gott, historische Hinführungen zur Geschichte von Konzepten und Vorstellungen sind ebenso vertreten wie klassische theologische oder philosophische Studien. So erscheinen die Formen und Inhalte der Interaktion zwischen Gott und Mensch im Mittealter in all ihrer Fülle.