Coronary collateral growth by external counterpulsation: a randomised controlled trial

The efficacy of external counterpulsation (ECP) on coronary collateral growth has not been investigated in a randomised controlled study. Objective To test the hypothesis that ECP augments collateral function during a 1 min coronary balloon occlusion.

Spondylodiscitis in the elderly patient: clinical mid-term results and quality of life

Focusing on spondylodiscitis in elderly patients current literature does not contain much information.

Topical curcumin can inhibit deleterious effects of upper respiratory tract bacteria on human oropharyngeal cells in vitro: potential role for patients with cancer therapy induced mucositis?

Curcumin exerts its anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of nuclear factor κB. Oropharyngeal epithelia and residing bacteria closely interact in inflammation and infection. This in vitro model investigated the effects of curcumin on bacterial survival, adherence to, and invasion of upper respiratory tract epithelia, and studied its anti-inflammatory effect. We aimed to establish a model, which could offer insights into the host-pathogen interaction in cancer therapy induced mucositis.

Effects of TLR agonists on the hypoxia-regulated transcription factor HIF-1alpha and dendritic cell maturation under normoxic conditions

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells that represent an important link between innate and adaptive immunity. Danger signals such as toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists induce maturation of DC leading to a T-cell mediated adaptive immune response. In this study, we show that exogenous as well as endogenous inflammatory stimuli for TLR4 and TLR2 induce the expression of HIF-1alpha in human monocyte-derived DC under normoxic conditions. On the functional level, inhibition of HIF-1alpha using chetomin (CTM), YC-1 and digoxin lead to no consistent effect on MoDC maturation, or cytokine secretion despite having the common effect of blocking HIF-1alpha stabilization or activity through different mechanisms. Stabilization of HIF-1alpha protein by hypoxia or CoCl(2) did not result in maturation of human DC. In addition, we could show that TLR stimulation resulted in an increase of HIF-1alpha controlled VEGF secretion. These results show that stimulation of human MoDC with exogenous as well as endogenous TLR agonists induces the expression of HIF-1alpha in a time-dependent manner. Hypoxia alone does not induce maturation of DC, but is able to augment maturation after TLR ligation. Current evidence suggests that different target genes may be affected by HIF-1alpha under normoxic conditions with physiological roles that differ from those induced by hypoxia.

Hepatic gene expression profile in mice perorally infected with Echinococcus multilocularis eggs

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a severe chronic hepatic parasitic disease currently emerging in central and eastern Europe. Untreated AE presents a high mortality (>90%) due to a severe hepatic destruction as a result of parasitic metacestode proliferation which behaves like a malignant tumor. Despite this severe course and outcome of disease, the genetic program that regulates the host response leading to organ damage as a consequence of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis is largely unknown.

Molecular risk assessment of BIG 1-98 participants by expression profiling using RNA from archival tissue

The purpose of the work reported here is to test reliable molecular profiles using routinely processed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from participants of the clinical trial BIG 1-98 with a median follow-up of 60 months.

Die Zeit der Pädagogik. Zeitperspektiven im erziehungswissenschaftlichen Diskurs. Festschrift für Walter Herzog

Zeit ist in der öffentlichen Diskussion über Erziehung eine konstitu tive Bestimmung. Dabei wird sie sehr unterschiedlich gefasst: Erziehung wird verstanden als ein Prozess, der zeitlich konsekutiv geordnet werden muss. Es wird aber auch von einer Erziehungszeit der Eltern gesprochen und von der Schulzeit im Lebenslauf. Unterricht und Didaktik verlangen von den Lehrpersonen ein Zeitmanagement. Über Schulanfang, Schul ende und Dauer der Schulzeit wird politisch debattiert. Aber weit dar über hinaus werden Erziehung und Bildung selbst zum Instrument, mit dem in der Gegenwart die Zukunft, die Zeit des einzelnen Menschen und sogar der ganzen Gesellschaft berechenbar werden sollen. Trotz dieser Zentralität der Dimension «Zeit» ist die theoretische Diskussion darüber wenig entwickelt. Der vorliegende Band diskutiert aus soziologischen, pädagogisch-psychologischen und historischen Perspektiven die Zeit dimensionen von Erziehung.