The contribution of the Finite Volume Point Dilution Method to the determination of solute mass flux in an alluvial aquifer.

Groundwater represents one of the most important resources of the world and it is essential to prevent its pollution and to consider remediation intervention in case of contamination. According to the scientific community the characterization and the management of the contaminated sites have to be performed in terms of contaminant fluxes and considering their spatial and temporal evolution. One of the most suitable approach to determine the spatial distribution of pollutant and to quantify contaminant fluxes in groundwater is using control panels. The determination of contaminant mass flux, requires measurement of contaminant concentration in the moving phase (water) and velocity/flux of the groundwater. In this Master Thesis a new solute flux mass measurement approach, based on an integrated control panel type methodology combined with the Finite Volume Point Dilution Method (FVPDM), for the monitoring of transient groundwater fluxes, is proposed. Moreover a new adsorption passive sampler, which allow to capture the variation of solute concentration with time, is designed. The present work contributes to the development of this approach on three key points. First, the ability of the FVPDM to monitor transient groundwater fluxes was verified during a step drawdown test at the experimental site of Hermalle Sous Argentau (Belgium). The results showed that this method can be used, with optimal results, to follow transient groundwater fluxes. Moreover, it resulted that performing FVPDM, in several piezometers, during a pumping test allows to determine the different flow rates and flow regimes that can occurs in the various parts of an aquifer. The second field test aiming to determine the representativity of a control panel for measuring mass flus in groundwater underlined that wrong evaluations of Darcy fluxes and discharge surfaces can determine an incorrect estimation of mass fluxes and that this technique has to be used with precaution. Thus, a detailed geological and hydrogeological characterization must be conducted, before applying this technique. Finally, the third outcome of this work concerned laboratory experiments. The test conducted on several type of adsorption material (Oasis HLB cartridge, TDS-ORGANOSORB 10 and TDS-ORGANOSORB 10-AA), in order to determine the optimum medium to dimension the passive sampler, highlighted the necessity to find a material with a reversible adsorption tendency to completely satisfy the request of the new passive sampling technique.

Design and Implementation of Single phase 230V to Three Phase Inverter Based on the Embedded System STM-32 Applied to motor control

In the field of Power Electronics, several types of motor control systems have been developed using STM microcontroller and power boards. In both industrial power applications and domestic appliances, power electronic inverters are widely used. Inverters are used to control the torque, speed, and position of the rotor in AC motor drives. An inverter delivers constant-voltage and constant-frequency power in uninterruptible power sources. Because inverter power supplies have a high-power consumption and low transfer efficiency rate, a three-phase sine wave AC power supply was created using the embedded system STM32, which has low power consumption and efficient speed. It has the capacity of output frequency of 50 Hz and the RMS of line voltage. STM32 embedded based Inverter is a power supply that integrates, reduced, and optimized the power electronics application that require hardware system, software, and application solution, including power architecture, techniques, and tools, approaches capable of performance on devices and equipment. Power inverters are currently used and implemented in green energy power system with low energy system such as sensors or microcontroller to perform the operating function of motors and pumps. STM based power inverter is efficient, less cost and reliable. My thesis work was based on STM motor drives and control system which can be implemented in a gas analyser for operating the pumps and motors. It has been widely applied in various engineering sectors due to its ability to respond to adverse structural changes and improved structural reliability. The present research was designed to use STM Inverter board on low power MCU such as NUCLEO with some practical examples such as Blinking LED, and PWM. Then we have implemented a three phase Inverter model with Steval-IPM08B board, which converter single phase 230V AC input to three phase 380 V AC output, the output will be useful for operating the induction motor.

Realizzazione di uno slave EtherCAT integrante periferiche per applicazioni motion control

The technological enhancement of industrial automation and manufacturing is stricty connected to the innovations of communication technologies. The main impact of the last century is due to the introduction of FieldBus systems. Indeed, they have been fundamental for the lowest levels of the automation hierarchy. Besides factory automation, many processes nowadays would not be feasible without Fieldbus based networks. Indeed, these systems are employed in a large variety of application areas from energy distribution to in-vehicle networking but also in rail-way applications and avionics. In the following document, the main activities executed during the internship in I.M.A. S.p.A. are reported. The objective of the thesis is to develop an EtherCAT (Ethernet Fieldbus) slave integrated with peripherals for motion control applications. The slave is created by exploiting a micro-controller of Renesas Electronics called RX72M. Since, for the specific application the MCU lacks of several components needed for motion control, external devices are employed for developing the project.