Tre guide francesi sull'Italia del Sud: analisi argomentativa del discorso turistico

Le but de ce mémoire est d'identifier les caractéristiques typiques du discours touristique à travers une analyse argumentative de trois guides touristiques d'éditeurs et de langue français sur l'Italie du Sud, respectivement le guide «Routard», «Petit futé» et «Le guide bleu». Dans le premier chapitre, j'ai tracé l'histoire du développement et de la diffusion de ce genre textuel à travers les siècles. Ensuite, à travers une analyse non seulement linguistique mais qui prend en compte aussi les éléments et les stéréotypes culturels, j'ai mis en exergue les différences de style des trois guides et la manière dont ils présentent une destination peu connue au public français telle que l'Italie du Sud. En particulier, il a été possible, à travers les textes des guides, de retrouver une représentation pas toujours stéréotypée des Italiens et des Français aussi. Le dernier chapitre est consacré à une étude purement linguistique des textes touristiques, dont j'ai pris en considération des éléments récurrents comme la formule, le lexique évaluatif, la technique du balancement axiologique et la poéticité du langage. En conclusion, avec les outils fournis par l'analyse argumentative et culturelle, il a été possible de répertorier les éléments du style et du langage que l'on pourrait considérer comme typiques du discours de promotion touristique et, en même temps, d'identifier les différences entre les trois guides qui montrent comment un même genre peut se décliner de multiples façons différentes.

Enhancing quality of service in software-defined networks

Resource management is of paramount importance in network scenarios and it is a long-standing and still open issue. Unfortunately, while technology and innovation continue to evolve, our network infrastructure system has been maintained almost in the same shape for decades and this phenomenon is known as “Internet ossification”. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm in computer networking that allows a logically centralized software program to control the behavior of an entire network. This is done by decoupling the network control logic from the underlying physical routers and switches that forward traffic to the selected destination. One mechanism that allows the control plane to communicate with the data plane is OpenFlow. The network operators could write high-level control programs that specify the behavior of an entire network. Moreover, the centralized control makes it possible to define more specific and complex tasks that could involve many network functionalities, e.g., security, resource management and control, into a single framework. Nowadays, the explosive growth of real time applications that require stringent Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees, brings the network programmers to design network protocols that deliver certain performance guarantees. This thesis exploits the use of SDN in conjunction with OpenFlow to manage differentiating network services with an high QoS. Initially, we define a QoS Management and Orchestration architecture that allows us to manage the network in a modular way. Then, we provide a seamless integration between the architecture and the standard SDN paradigm following the separation between the control and data planes. This work is a first step towards the deployment of our proposal in the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) campus network with differentiating services and stringent QoS requirements. We also plan to exploit our solution to manage the handoff between different network technologies, e.g., Wi-Fi and WiMAX. Indeed, the model can be run with different parameters, depending on the communication protocol and can provide optimal results to be implemented on the campus network.

Mac protocols for linear wireless (sensor) networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes, characterized by low power constraint, limited transmission range and limited computational capabilities [1][2].The cost of these devices is constantly decreasing, making it possible to use a large number of sensor devices in a wide array of commercial, environmental, military, and healthcare fields. Some of these applications involve placing the sensors evenly spaced on a straight line for example in roads, bridges, tunnels, water catchments and water pipelines, city drainages, oil and gas pipelines etc., making a special class of these networks which we define as a Linear Wireless Network (LWN). In LWNs, data transmission happens hop by hop from the source to the destination, through a route composed of multiple relays. The peculiarity of the topology of LWNs, motivates the design of specialized protocols, taking advantage of the linearity of such networks, in order to increase reliability, communication efficiency, energy savings, network lifetime and to minimize the end-to-end delay [3]. In this thesis a novel contention based Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol called L-CSMA, specifically devised for LWNs is presented. The basic idea of L-CSMA is to assign different priorities to nodes based on their position along the line. The priority is assigned in terms of sensing duration, whereby nodes closer to the destination are assigned shorter sensing time compared to the rest of the nodes and hence higher priority. This mechanism speeds up the transmission of packets which are already in the path, making transmission flow more efficient. Using NS-3 simulator, the performance of L-CSMA in terms of packets success rate, that is, the percentage of packets that reach destination, and throughput are compared with that of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol, de-facto standard for wireless sensor networks. In general, L-CSMA outperforms the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol.