Tor network forensics and hidden service deanonymization

The cybernetics revolution of the last years improved a lot our lives, having an immediate access to services and a huge amount of information over the Internet. Nowadays the user is increasingly asked to insert his sensitive information on the Internet, leaving its traces everywhere. But there are some categories of people that cannot risk to reveal their identities on the Internet. Even if born to protect U.S. intelligence communications online, nowadays Tor is the most famous low-latency network, that guarantees both anonymity and privacy of its users. The aim of this thesis project is to well understand how the Tor protocol works, not only studying its theory, but also implementing those concepts in practice, having a particular attention for security topics. In order to run a Tor private network, that emulates the real one, a virtual testing environment has been configured. This behavior allows to conduct experiments without putting at risk anonymity and privacy of real users. We used a Tor patch, that stores TLS and circuit keys, to be given as inputs to a Tor dissector for Wireshark, in order to obtain decrypted and decoded traffic. Observing clear traffic allowed us to well check the protocol outline and to have a proof of the format of each cell. Besides, these tools allowed to identify a traffic pattern, used to conduct a traffic correlation attack to passively deanonymize hidden service clients. The attacker, controlling two nodes of the Tor network, is able to link a request for a given hidden server to the client who did it, deanonymizing him. The robustness of the traffic pattern and the statistics, such as the true positive rate, and the false positive rate, of the attack are object of a potential future work.

Wildspace VR. Il wellness per le nuove generazioni - Studio su come la psicologia percettiva applicata alla Virtual Reality può migliorare gli effetti della Mindfulness

Dai recenti studi effettuati sulle nuove generazioni (Z e Alpha) è emerso che stress e ansia colpiscono di più i giovani che si trovano in queste fasce di età. Questa tesi, partendo dalle ricerche socio-culturali, vuole proporre una soluzione progettuale a questi problemi. Si vuole elaborare quindi un progetto sul benessere mentale attraverso la Mindfulness. Le nuove tecnologie emergenti, come ad esempio l’Extended reality, stanno trovando consenso tra le nuove generazioni. Per questo motivo è stata scelta questa tecnologia per erogare il contenuto del servizio. Si ipotizza di poter migliorare gli effetti della Mindfulness utilizzando la Psicologia Percettiva. Questo campo di studio consente di sfruttare l’alterazione della percezione nella Virtual Reality attraverso ‘Spatial Visualization’ e ‘Spatial Audio’. Queste ipotesi sono stata valutate attraverso uno studio indiretto del mercato del Wellness e consolidate attraverso una User Research. Dopo questa fase di ricerca si è valutata la strada progettuale comprendendo a fondo i bisogni del target: i giovani lavoratori. Sono stati utilizzati metodi di Design Thinking e Service Design per intraprendere il progetto, tenendo ben saldi i valori etici. Il progetto pensato, Wildspace VR, è un servizio per aziende che permette ai dipendenti di meditare con contenuti di Mindfulness in Realtà Virtuale. I contenuti proposti mirano a rispondere ai bisogni degli utenti elaborando per loro percorsi personalizzati. Le aziende traggono ricavo dal servizio avendo dipendenti profittevoli salvaguardando il loro stato di salute. L’obiettivo è aiutare i giovani lavoratori offrendogli la possibilità di praticare la Mindfulness dal luogo di lavoro grazie alla Realtà Virtuale, dando loro uno strumento per affrontare lo stress quotidiano in modo innovativo. Si è infine fatto un M.V.P. dell’esperienza, elaborando un prototipo Virtuale e stilando conclusioni ed idee per sviluppi futuri.

Development and testing of a virtual energy meter using the Labview Environment

The quantity of electric energy utilized by a home, a business, or an electrically powered device is measured by an electricity meter, also known as an electric meter, electrical meter, or energy meter. Electric meters located at customers' locations are used by electric providers for billing. They are usually calibrated in billing units, with the kilowatt hour being the most popular (kWh). Typically, they are read once each billing cycle. When energy savings are sought during specific times, some meters may monitor demand, or the highest amount of electricity used during a specific time. Additionally, some meters feature relays for load shedding in response to responses during periods of peak load. The amount of electrical energy consumed by users is measured by a Watt-hour meter, also known as an energy meter. To charge the electricity usage by loads like lights, fans, and other appliances, utilities put these gadgets everywhere, including in households, businesses, and organizations. Watts are a fundamental power unit. A kilowatt is equal to one thousand watts. One kilowatt is regarded as one unit of energy used if used for one hour. These meters calculate the product of the instantaneous voltage and current readings and provide instantaneous power. This power is distributed over a period and is used during that time. Depending on the supply used by home or commercial installations, these may be single or three phase meters. These can be linked directly between line and load for minor service measurements, such as home consumers. However, step-down current transformers must be installed for greater loads to handle their higher current demands.