Ritorno al castello: Progetto di restauro e valorizzazione del complesso fortificato di Castelnuovo del Garda, Verona

Ad un progetto architettonico, sia che si parli di composizione che di restauro, si dovrebbe assegnare un motto il quale, insito direttamente nell'idea progettuale , abbia la capacità di dare forza al lavoro stesso sia, simultaneamente, di motivare il progettista nel raggiungimento degli obiettivi prefissati. "Ritorno al castello" diviene quindi il motto più consono per il progetto (che ci si appresta a sviluppare) di recupero dell'edificio monumentale noto come "castello" di Castelnuovo del Garda, in provincia di Verona. Come motto "Ritorno al castello" racchiude in se tre fondamentali chiavi di lettura: innanzitutto fa riferimento al ritorno, dopo adeguato restauro conservativo, del manufatto storico architettonico come fulcro urbanistico monumentale principale del paese. Tale significativa architettura infatti nel tempo ha mutato forma e funzione andando a perdere il suo ruolo nella vita del paese "scadendo" nel dimenticatoio degli abitanti stessi tanto da passare quasi inosservata. In secondo luogo il ritornare è riferito agli abitanti stessi che, nel voler riscoprire il loro castello attraverso la futura destinazione ad uso pubblico, saranno spinti, come antichi pellegrini a raggiungere la rocca. In ultimo nel motto vi è insita la nuova destinazione d'uso. Un tempo i castelli non rappresentavano soltanto baluardi difensivi, dimore del Signore e della sua corte ma al contempo erano luoghi dove venivano coltivate arte, musica e poesia, ospitando talvolta i grandi illuminati dell'epoca. In un certo qual modo i castelli potevano definirsi roccaforti della cultura e del sapere ed il "ritono" sta appunto nel portare il castello di Castelnuovo a diventare un edificio pubblico per la cultura.

Pavement and alignment design of a new rural road in the province of Bologna

This thesis aims to give a general view of pavement types all over the world, by showing the different characteristics of each one and its different life steps starting from construction, passing by maintenance and arriving until recycling phase. The flexible pavement took the main part of this work because it has been used in the last part of this thesis to design a project of a rural road. This project is located in the province of Bologna-Italy (‘Comune di Argelato’, 26 km in the north of Bologna), and has 5677, 81 m of length. A pavement design was made using the program BISAR 3.0 and a fatigue life study was made, also, in order to estimate the number of loads (in terms of heavy vehicles axle) to cause road’s failure . An alignment design was made for this project and a safety study was established in order to check if the available sight distance at curves respects the safety norms or not, by comparing it to the stopping sight distance. Different technical sheets are demonstrated and several cases are discussed in order to clarify the main design principles and underline the main hazardous cases to be avoided especially at intersection. This latter, its type’s choice depends on several factors in order to make the suitable design according to the environmental data. At this part of the road, the safety is a primordial point due to the high accident rate in this zone. For this reason, different safety aspects are discussed especially at roundabouts, signalized intersections, and also some other common intersection types. The design and the safety norms are taken with reference to AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials), ACT (Transportation Association of Canada), and also according to Italian norms (Decreto Ministeriale delle Starde).

Waste management in Forlì-Cesena province: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Forlì incinerator

This work assesses the environmental impact of a municipal solid waste incinerator with energy recovery in Forlì-Cesena province (Emilia-Romagna region, Italy). The methodology used is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). As the plant already applies the best technologies available in waste treatment, this study focuses on the fate of the residues (bottom and fly ash) produced during combustion. Nine scenarios are made, based on different ash treatment disposing/recycling techniques. The functional unit is the amount of waste incinerated in 2011. Boundaries are set from waste arrival in the plant to the disposal/recovery of the residues produced, with energy recovery. Only the operative period is considered. Software used is GaBi 4 and the LCIA method used is CML2001. The impact categories analyzed are: abiotic depletion, acidification, eutrophication, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, global warming, human toxicity, ozone layer depletion, photochemical oxidant formation, terrestrial ecotoxicity and primary energy demand. Most of the data are taken from Herambiente. When primary data are not available, data from Ecoinvent and GaBi databases or literature data are used. The whole incineration process is sustainable, due to the relevant avoided impact given by co-generator. As far as regards bottom ash treatment, the most influential process is the impact savings from iron recovery. Bottom ash recycling in road construction or as building material are both valid alternatives, even if the first option faces legislative limits in Italy. Regarding fly ash inertization, the adding of cement and Ferrox treatment results the most feasible alternatives. However, this inertized fly ash can maintain its hazardous nature. The only method to ensure the stability of an inertized fly ash is to couple two different stabilization treatments. Ash stabilization technologies shall improve with the same rate of the flexibility of the national legislation about incineration residues recycling.

Noise mapping of highly trafficked roads of the province of Bologna according to D.Lgs. 194/2005

The European Community has stressed the importance of achieving a common understanding to deal with the environmental noise through community actions of the Member States. This implies the use of harmonized indicators and specific information regarding the values of indicators, the exceedance of limits and the number of people and dwellings exposed to noise. The D.Lgs. 149/2005 in compliance with the European Directive 2002/49/EC defines methodologies, noise indicators and types of outputs required. In this dissertation the work done for the noise mapping of highly trafficked roads of the Province of Bologna will be reported. The study accounts for the environmental noise generated by the road infrastructure outside the urban agglomeration of Bologna. Roads characterized by an annual traffic greater than three millions of vehicles will be considered. The process of data collection and validation will be reported, as long as the implementation of the calculation method in the software and the procedure to create and calibrate the calculation model. Results will be provided as required by the legislation, in forms of maps and tables. Moreover results regarding each road section accounted will be combined to gain a general understanding of the situation of the overall studied area. Although the understanding of the noise levels and the number of people exposed is paramount, it is not sufficient to develop strategies of noise abatement interventions. Thus a further step will be addressed: the creation of priority maps as the basis of action plans for organizing and prioritizing solutions for noise reduction and abatement. Noise reduction measures are reported in a qualitative way in the annex and constitute a preliminary research.

Analisi dei processi di gestione delle UTI in un terminale intermodale: il caso dell'interporto Quadrante Europa di Verona

Il traffico merci e fondamentale per lo sviluppo economico delle societa poiche lo spostamento dei prodotti consente alle aziende di poter fare affidamento su mercati piu ampi permettendo ai consumatori di scegliere fra una piu vasta gamma di prodotti. In questo contesto grande importanza ha assunto l'intermodalita ed in particolare il trasporto combinato strada rotaia; l'interporto risulta essere la struttura piu adatta a promuovere questo sistema di trasporto merci. Questo lavoro di tesi pone l'attenzione sulla gestione dei processi che avvengono all'interno del terminal intermodale dell'interporto Quadrante Europa di Verona. L'elaborato, dopo una descrizione delle caratteristiche operative e funzionali del trasporto intermodale, schematizza le diverse fasi che si susseguono all'interno del terminal, con particolare riferimento alla gestione dei semirimorchi, ai loro tempi di giacenza e alla loro allocazione nelle diverse aree di sosta.