Valutazione Economica di un Investimento IT attraverso System Dynamics e Balanced Scorecard

Il presente lavoro di tesi si occupa di valutare, attraverso misure finanziarie, i benefici derivanti da un grosso investimento IT dell'azienda Hera. L'azienda ha deciso di investire in ERP basato su SAP per poter creare un nuovo sistema informativo integrato. Ma per calcolare dei reali benefici bisogna tener conto anche di variabili che mutano nel tempo. Per fare ciò, si è deciso di utilizzare due diversi approcci (System Dynamics e Balanced Scorecard) per arrivare alla creazione di un modello simulabile. Dopodiché è stato possibile analizzare i dati attraverso i grafici risultanti e concludere mostrando dei casi. Questi ultimi illustrano cosa succede nel caso in cui tutto sia in condizioni normali, oppure se il lavoro raddoppia, oppure non si concluda mai.

Temporal dynamics of benthic assemblages along a gradient of ocean acidification at a CO2 vent’s system of the Ischia Island

Global warming and ocean acidification, due to rising atmospheric levels of CO2, represent an actual threat to terrestrial and marine environments. Since Industrial Revolution, in less of 250 years, pH of surface seawater decreased on average of 0.1 unit, and is expected to further decreases of approximately 0.3-0.4 units by the end of this century. Naturally acidified marine areas, such as CO2 vent systems at the Ischia Island, allow to study acclimatation and adaptation of individual species as well as the structure of communities, and ecosystems to OA. The main aim of this thesis was to study how hard bottom sublittoral benthic assemblages changed trough time along a pH gradient. For this purpose, the temporal dynamics of mature assemblages established on artificial substrates (volcanic tiles) over a 3 year- period were analysed. Our results revealed how composition and dynamics of the community were altered and highly simplified at different level of seawater acidification. In fact, extreme low values of pH (approximately 6.9), affected strongly the assemblages, reducing diversity both in terms of taxa and functional groups, respect to lower acidification levels (mean pH 7.8) and ambient conditions (8.1 unit). Temporal variation was observed in terms of species composition but not in functional groups. Variability was related to species belonging to the same functional group, suggesting the occurrence of functional redundancy. Therefore, the analysis of functional groups kept information on the structure, but lost information on species diversity and dynamics. Decreasing in ocean pH is only one of many future global changes that will occur at the end of this century (increase of ocean temperature, sea level rise, eutrophication etc.). The interaction between these factors and OA could exacerbate the community and ecosystem effects showed by this thesis.

Analisi dinamica del ciclo integrato dell'acciaio: un approccio basato sulla simulazione

Nella presente tesi viene analizzato in modo approfondito il ciclo integrato dell'acciaio che è uno dei metodi più consolidati e affermati per la produzione sia di semilavorati, sia di prodotti finiti di acciaio. L'approccio all'analisi del ciclo integrato dell'acciaio è di tipo dinamico e basato sulla simulazione, vale a dire che si cerca di capire come e in che modo i vari fattori del ciclo integrato interagiscono e si influenzano fra di loro per cercare in seguto di esplicitare tali dinamiche in un unico modello di simulazione. Sino ad ora infatti nella letteratura si possono trovare modelli che analizzano separatamente solo alcuni aspetti del ciclo integrato dell'acciaio. L'intenzione ultima di questa tesi è quella di fornire uno strumento in più che possa far capire, date determinate caratteristiche e obiettivi dell'azienda, quale sia la direzione più plausibile e giustificabile da seguire.

Phage therapy: A software system for phage quantification and kinetic model inference.

One of the most serious problems of the modern medicine is the growing emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria. In this circumstance, different and innovative approaches for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are imperatively required. Bacteriophage Therapy is one among the fascinating approaches to be taken into account. This consists of the use of bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria, in order to defeat specific bacterial pathogens. Phage therapy is not an innovative idea, indeed, it was widely used around the world in the 1930s and 1940s, in order to treat various infection diseases, and it is still used in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Nevertheless, Western scientists mostly lost interest in further use and study of phage therapy and abandoned it after the discovery and the spread of antibiotics. The advancement of scientific knowledge of the last years, together with the encouraging results from recent animal studies using phages to treat bacterial infections, and above all the urgent need for novel and effective antimicrobials, have given a prompt for additional rigorous researches in this field. In particular, in the laboratory of synthetic biology of the department of Life Sciences at the University of Warwick, a novel approach was adopted, starting from the original concept of phage therapy, in order to study a concrete alternative to antibiotics. The innovative idea of the project consists in the development of experimental methodologies, which allow to engineer a programmable synthetic phage system using a combination of directed evolution, automation and microfluidics. The main aim is to make “the therapeutics of tomorrow individualized, specific, and self-regulated” (Jaramillo, 2015). In this context, one of the most important key points is the Bacteriophage Quantification. Therefore, in this research work, a mathematical model describing complex dynamics occurring in biological systems involving continuous growth of bacteriophages, modulated by the performance of the host organisms, was implemented as algorithms into a working software using MATLAB. The developed program is able to predict different unknown concentrations of phages much faster than the classical overnight Plaque Assay. What is more, it gives a meaning and an explanation to the obtained data, making inference about the parameter set of the model, that are representative of the bacteriophage-host interaction.

Microchannel heat exchangers: An attractive option for the regenerator of a mobile orc waste heat recovery system

The performance of microchannel heat exchangers was assessed in gas-to-liquid applications in the order of several tens of kWth . The technology is suitable for exhaust heat recovery systems based on organic Rankine cycle. In order to design a light and compact microchannel heat exchanger, an optimization process is developed. The model employed in the procedure is validated through computational fluid-dynamics analysis with commercial software. It is shown that conjugate effects have a significant impact on the heat transfer performance of the device.

Dynamics of inorganic carbon and carbonate saturation in the Gulf of Cádiz (SW Spain)

The study of inorganic carbon chemistry of the coastal ocean is conducted in the Gulf of Cádiz (GoC). Here we describe observations obtained during 4 sampling cruises in March, June, September and November 2015. The primary data set consists of state-of-the-art measurements of the keystone parameters of the marine CO2 system: Total Alkalinity (TA), pH, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). We have then calculated aragonite and calcite saturation state. The distribution of inorganic carbon system parameters in the north eastern shelf of the Gulf of Cádiz showed temporal and spatial variability. River input, mixing, primary production, respiration and remineralization were factors that controlled such distributions. Data related to carbonate saturation of calcite and aragonite reveal the occurrence of a supersaturated water; in any case, both species increased with distance and decreased with depth. The carbon system parameters present a different behaviour close to the coast to offshore ad at deeper water. In this area six water masses are clearly identified by their different chemical properties: Surface Atlantic Water, North Atlantic Central Water (NACW) and Mediterranean Water (MOW). Moreover, with this work the measurement of calcium in seawater is optimize, allowing a better quantification for future work of the saturation state of CaCO3.