Hydrogeochemical characterization of Seehausen territory - Bremen

The aim of this thesis is to provide a geochemical characterization of the Seehausen territory (a neighborhood) of Bremen, Germany. In this territory it is hosted a landfill of dredged sediments coming both from Bremerhaven (North See) and Bremen harbor (directly on the river Weser). For this reason this work has been focused also on possible impacts of the landfill on the groundwaters (shallow and deep aquifer). The Seehausen landfill uses the dewatering technique to manage the dredged sediments: incoming sediments are put into dewatering fields until they are completely dried (it takes almost a year). Then they are randomly sampled and analyzed: if the pollutants content is acceptable, sediments are treated with other materials and used instead of raw material for embankment, bricks, etc., otherwise they are disposed in the landfill. During this work it has been made a study of the natural geology and hydrogeology of the whole area of interest, especially because it is characterized by ancient natural salt deposits. Then, together with the Geological Survey of Bremen and the Harbor Authority of Bremen there have been identified all useful piezometers for a monitoring net around the landfill. During the sampling campaign there have been collected data of the principal anions and cations, physical parameters and stable water isotopes. Data analysis has been focused particularly on Cl, Na, SO4 and EC because these parameters might be helpful to attribute geochemical trends to the landfill or to a natural background. Furthermore dataloggers have been installed for a month in some piezometers and EC, pressure, dissolved oxygen and temperature data have been collected. Finally there has been made a deep comparison between current and historical data (1996 – 2011) and between old interpolation maps and current ones in order to see time trends of the aquifer geochemistry.

Analysis of the Kohn Laplacian on the Heisenberg Group and on Cauchy-Riemann Manifolds

The purpose of this study is to analyse the regularity of a differential operator, the Kohn Laplacian, in two settings: the Heisenberg group and the strongly pseudoconvex CR manifolds. The Heisenberg group is defined as a space of dimension 2n+1 with a product. It can be seen in two different ways: as a Lie group and as the boundary of the Siegel UpperHalf Space. On the Heisenberg group there exists the tangential CR complex. From this we define its adjoint and the Kohn-Laplacian. Then we obtain estimates for the Kohn-Laplacian and find its solvability and hypoellipticity. For stating L^p and Holder estimates, we talk about homogeneous distributions. In the second part we start working with a manifold M of real dimension 2n+1. We say that M is a CR manifold if some properties are satisfied. More, we say that a CR manifold M is strongly pseudoconvex if the Levi form defined on M is positive defined. Since we will show that the Heisenberg group is a model for the strongly pseudo-convex CR manifolds, we look for an osculating Heisenberg structure in a neighborhood of a point in M, and we want this structure to change smoothly from a point to another. For that, we define Normal Coordinates and we study their properties. We also examinate different Normal Coordinates in the case of a real hypersurface with an induced CR structure. Finally, we define again the CR complex, its adjoint and the Laplacian operator on M. We study these new operators showing subelliptic estimates. For that, we don't need M to be pseudo-complex but we ask less, that is, the Z(q) and the Y(q) conditions. This provides local regularity theorems for Laplacian and show its hypoellipticity on M.

Strategie di riqualificazione urbana sostenibile della vivienda social. Linee guida per il quartiere di Casas Viejas, Santiago del Cile.

"Non possiamo permettere l'utilizzo del [tessuto] urbano come strumento per la produzione di iniquità e trasferimenti, incapaci di vedere l'importanza e la difficoltà di creare uno spazio attivo che sia equo, ecologico ed economico" (Schafran, 2014). In un contesto di emergenza ambientale globale e considerando le problematiche degli insediamenti popolari sudamericani, la presente ricerca propone l’introduzione del concetto di sostenibilità urbana come fattore di miglioramento di un quartiere della periferia del Gran Santiago. Il caso studio è interessante in quanto la politica cilena si muove in direzione di maggiore consapevolezza per i temi ambientali, pur dovendo ancora risolvere problemi di segregazione e scarsa qualità nella “vivienda social”. La presente ricerca è quindi finalizzata ad individuare una matrice composta da linee guida di sostenibilità riferite alla scala di quartiere, come strategia per rispondere ai problemi socio-residenziali, oltre alle imperanti esigenze di maggiore sostenibilità ambientale. A tale scopo è necessario fare riferimento a sistemi di valutazione adeguati: analizzando quelli utilizzati in ambito nazionale e internazionale, si ricava una matrice di 106 linee guida, 16 criteri e 3 ambiti principali di interesse. È questo lo strumento utilizzato per la diagnosi del caso studio. In base alle criticità emerse e alle necessità dell’area emergono due strategie principali su cui si articola la proposta progettuale di riqualificazione del quartiere: implementare dotazioni di servizi e aree verdi e introdurre tecnologie e misure ecofriendy, col fine di generare identità e migliorare la qualità di vita nel quartiere.