Design and Performance Analysis of the Electrical Power System of a Petrochemical Facility

This thesis deals with the sizing and analysis of the electrical power system of a petrochemical plant. The activity was carried out in the framework of an electrical engineering internship. The sizing and electrical calculations, as well as the study of the dynamic behavior of network quantities, are accomplished by using the ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program) software. After determining the type and size of the loads, the calculation of power flows is carried out for all possible network layout and different power supply configurations. The network is normally operated in a double radial configuration. However, the sizing must be carried out taking into account the most critical configuration, i.e., the temporary one of single radial operation, and also considering the most unfavorable power supply conditions. The calculation of shortcircuit currents is then carried out and the appropriate circuit breakers are selected. Where necessary, capacitor banks are sized in order to keep power factor at the point of common coupling within the preset limits. The grounding system is sized by using the finite element method. For loads with the highest level of criticality, UPS are sized in order to ensure their operation even in the absence of the main power supply. The main faults that can occur in the plant are examined, determining the intervention times of the protections to ensure that, in case of failure on one component, the others can still properly operate. The report concludes with the dynamic and stability analysis of the power system during island operation, in order to ensure that the two gas turbines are able to support the load even during transient conditions.

Satellite IoT: a Study and Performance Analysis of GEO and LEO Systems

The study is divided into two main part: one focused on the GEO Satellite IoT and the other on the LEO Satellite IoT. Concerning the GEO Satellite IoT, the activity has been developed in the context of EUMETSAT Data Collection Service (DCS) by investigating the performance at the receiver within challenging scenarios. DCS are provided by several GEO Satellite operators, giving almost total coverage around the world. In this study firstly an overview of the DCS end-to-end architecture is given followed by a detailed description of both the tools used for the simulations: the DCP-TST (message generator and transmitter) and the DCP-RX (receiver). After generating several test messages, the performances have been evaluated with the addition of impairments (CW and sweeping interferences) and considerations in terms of BER and Good Messages are produced. Furthermore, a study on the PLL System is also conducted together with evaluations on the effectiveness of tuning the PLL Bw on the overall performance. Concerning the LEO Satellite IoT, the activity was carried out in the framework of the ASI Bidirectional IoT Satellite Service (BISS) Project. The elaborate covers a survey about the possible services that the project can accomplish and a technical analysis on the uplink MA. In particular, the LR-FHSS is proved to be a valid alternative for the uplink through an extensive analysis on its Network capacity and through the study of an analytic model for Success Probability with its Matlab implementation.

Design, implementation and performance evaluation of an anonymous distributed simulator

La simulazione è definita come la rappresentazione del comportamento di un sistema o di un processo per mezzo del funzionamento di un altro o, alternativamente, dall'etimologia del verbo “simulare”, come la riproduzione di qualcosa di fittizio, irreale, come se in realtà, lo fosse. La simulazione ci permette di modellare la realtà ed esplorare soluzioni differenti e valutare sistemi che non possono essere realizzati per varie ragioni e, inoltre, effettuare differenti valutazioni, dinamiche per quanto concerne la variabilità delle condizioni. I modelli di simulazione possono raggiungere un grado di espressività estremamente elevato, difficilmente un solo calcolatore potrà soddisfare in tempi accettabili i risultati attesi. Una possibile soluzione, viste le tendenze tecnologiche dei nostri giorni, è incrementare la capacità computazionale tramite un’architettura distribuita (sfruttando, ad esempio, le possibilità offerte dal cloud computing). Questa tesi si concentrerà su questo ambito, correlandolo ad un altro argomento che sta guadagnando, giorno dopo giorno, sempre più rilevanza: l’anonimato online. I recenti fatti di cronaca hanno dimostrato quanto una rete pubblica, intrinsecamente insicura come l’attuale Internet, non sia adatta a mantenere il rispetto di confidenzialità, integrità ed, in alcuni, disponibilità degli asset da noi utilizzati: nell’ambito della distribuzione di risorse computazionali interagenti tra loro, non possiamo ignorare i concreti e molteplici rischi; in alcuni sensibili contesti di simulazione (e.g., simulazione militare, ricerca scientifica, etc.) non possiamo permetterci la diffusione non controllata dei nostri dati o, ancor peggio, la possibilità di subire un attacco alla disponibilità delle risorse coinvolte. Essere anonimi implica un aspetto estremamente rilevante: essere meno attaccabili, in quanto non identificabili.