Study on health status and remediation potential of Phragmites australis employed in an Emilia Romagna (IT) Constructed Wetland to assess zonal variability of the facility.

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. is a hydrophyte particularly resistant to harsh conditions, e.g. drought, high salinity, contaminants, such as heavy metals and toxic molecules, and high nutrients concentrations. These resistances render the plant suitable for water depuration, where its particular metabolism is exploited to remove pollutants and excessive nutrients from the environment. In constructed wetlands, this principle is applied to phyto-purify wastewater with various origins, such as industrial, agricultural and household, with the aim to improve its quality to an extent which would render its reuse possible. In the framework of a pre-existing project of Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DiSTAl), this work integrates the knowledge and data relative to an Emilia Romagna (IT) constructed wetland plant, in order to expand the knowledge about this particular facility and of the system in general. By assaying antioxidants, both non- enzymatic and enzymatic, chlorophylls content and net photosynthetic rates, and by measuring the elemental composition of the specimens, the health status and the elemental uptake of the wetland plants sampled in different areas were investigated. The results were compared amongst the examined specimens with the aim to detect areas where there may be a higher stress due to a different wastewater composition, potentially varying along the constructed route. In addition, different parameters regarding the extraction and assay protocols were investigated, in order to optimise the procedure and to select the best conditions to perform the analyses, as well as to integrate information missing in literature or found as contradictory.

Sperimentazione di tecniche di fitodepurazione a flusso verticale applicate allo scarico della scuola di ingegneria: primi risultati

Quattro sistemi pilota, cilindrici, rappresentanti SFS a flusso verticale sono stati adoperati in parallelo per attività di ricerca. Il refluo trattato, defluente dalla sede di Ingegneria di via Terracini e classificabile come urbano, è stato immesso negli SFSV a valle di una sedimentazione primaria. Segue una breve descrizione dei sistemi. 1. VFF - Vertical Flow Filter - Reattore assimilabile ad un filtro a sabbia; 2. VFCWW - Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland with worms - Reattore dotato sia di piante (tipologia Phragmites Australis) sia di vermi (lombrichi); 3. VFCW - Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland - Reattore dotato di piante (tipologia Phragmites Australis); 4. VFFW - Vertical Flow Filter with worms - Reattore assimilabile ad un filtro a sabbia dotato di vermi (lombrichi). Il rendimento offerto da ciascun sistema è stato calcolato sulla base dei risultati forniti dalle analisi eseguite in laboratorio su campioni prelevati in input ed output da ciascun reattore. L'obiettivo dello studio è stato quello di valutare l'efficienza dei sistemi in relazione ai parametri misurati (azoto e fosforo totale, solidi sospesi, COD, ione ammoniacale, ortofosfato).